Sentences with phrase «normal cells produced»

Importantly, however, blocking the relief - valve in normal cells produced no ill effects.

Not exact matches

While the entity generated by deleting or disabling early embryonic genes would produce only an unorganized collection of stem cells, it would do so after a period of what appears to be relatively normal development.

Bilirubin (bill - uh - ROO - bin) is produced by the normal breakdown of red blood cells.

They not only custom - coded the smartphone control algorithms, but designed the engineered cells to produce insulin without any «cross-talk» between normal cellular signaling processes.

Cells engineered to produce insulin under the command of a smartphone helped keep blood sugar levels within normal limits in diabetic mice, a new study reports.

Damaged mouse sciatic nerves produced hundreds of times the normal amount of two «chemoattractant» molecules, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which attach to the surfaces of neutrophils and draw the immune cells into injured tissue.

When they examined mice genetically incapable of producing Helios, they found the animals beset by a T - cell and antibody attack on normal tissue.

To understand that process, the Florida State group engineered a fruit fly to produce a mix of cells, some with normal Lgl and some with the altered version.

The enzyme was tested in three different cell lineages: leukemia cells incapable of producing asparagine at normal levels (MOLT4); another line of leukemia cells, in this case capable of producing asparagine at normal levels (REH); and non-malignant cells, used as a control (HUVECs).

Cancer cells may produce unique metabolic profiles, in part because they grow very rapidly and have metabolic activity very different from normal cells.

They discovered that even normal, unstressed cells continually produce faulty proteins under respiratory conditions.

In those mice, but not in normal mice, they found that caerulein caused existing alpha cells in the pancreas to differentiate into insulin - producing beta cells.

Fat cells cultured from the body mass index of a morbidly obese patient cause multiple myeloma cells to anchor to a much greater extent than normal cells and produce a significantly larger number of blood vessels to sustain the cancer cells.

Because HIF signals cells to produce VEGF, the researchers wondered whether deleting HIF in amacrine and horizontal cells would also stop the pipeline of VEGF and normal intermediate layer blood vessel development.

In DBA, a mutation prevents a patient's bone marrow from producing normal quantities of red blood cells, resulting in severe, sometimes life - threatening anemia.

In multiple myeloma, normal plasma cells transform into malignant myeloma cells and produce large quantities of toxic abnormal immunoglobulin called monoclonal protein that can damage multiple organs.

To the researchers» surprise, however, the animals missing one or both copies of Mus81 were fertile and produced normal egg and sperm cells.

The monoclonal protein produced by the myeloma cells interferes with normal blood cell production.

However, when the researchers knocked out SIRT1 in endothelial cells of 10 - month - old mice, then put them on a four - week treadmill running program, they found that the exercise did not produce the same gains seen in normal 10 - month - old mice on the same training plan.

In addition, the researchers looked at brain samples of deceased patients with MS and found increased numbers of GM - CSF - producing cells in comparison to normal brain samples.

«Tumor cells produce larger quantities of H2O2 and use oxidative signals at higher levels than normal cells in order to drive their own growth,» says Mirko Sobotta, first author of the publication.

«Just one transplant of the human EPO - producing cells treated kidney anaemia in mice, keeping their haemoglobin levels in the normal range for the remaining 7 - month lifespan of the animals,» says Kenji Osafune, of Kyoto University in Japan, who led the team.

And because carotid - body cells make lots of dopamine, they might be able to make up for the loss of the normal dopamine - producing neurons.

Of particular interest are the emerging techniques for genomics and proteomics, which allow profiles of gene expression and protein synthesis to be produced and comparisons to be made between normal and abnormal cells, as well as between cells before and after exposure to medicines or toxic chemicals.

Gabriela Cabral explains: «When a stem cell divides, it doesn't produce two identical daughter cells as normal cells do.

These beverages may give some protection against the ravages of oxidizing chemicals that we breathe in or that cells in our bodies produce as the cells go about their normal housekeeping functions.

Diabetes results from too few insulin - producing «beta cells» in the pancreas secreting too little insulin, the hormone required to keep blood sugar levels in the normal range.

Such shutdowns are routine in healthy cells if they produce too many misfolded or unfolded proteins, but normal protein production resumes again once the mess is sorted out.

Pancreatic beta cells help maintain normal blood glucose levels by producing the hormone insulin — the master regulator of energy (glucose).

In 1924, Otto Warburg showed that cancer cells produced far more energy from glycolysis than did normal cells.

The Stanford researchers, who report their results in the current issue of the Journal of Experimental Medicine, used a clever trick to shut off this damaging immune response: They engineered TH1 cells to produce IL - 4 instead of their normal cytokines.

Everybody has suPAR, which is produced by bone marrow cells, in their blood, with normal levels around 2400 picogram per milliliter (pg / ml).

The researchers found that feeding the rodents one type of intestinal worm restored their mucus - producing cells to normal.

«Oxygen by - products produced during normal metabolism can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules in cells, such as DNA and RNA,» explains Jian - Ping Cai, a researcher involved in the study.

Although GMCSF is mostly known for its role in inflammation, Dr. Merad's laboratory discovered that GM - CSF is produced in the normal gut by specialized cells called innate lymphocyte cells (ILCs) in response to microbiota signals.

By comparing the gene expression patterns of normal beta cells and insulin - producing cells derived from alpha cells, the researchers confirmed nearly complete cellular reprogramming.

All of the mice produced normal amounts of SOX2 during development, when the transcription factor plays a critical role in the genesis of embryonic and neural stem cells.

While it has been well - established that people should avoid behaviors like smoking to decrease cancer risk, it is less well - known that each time a normal cell divides and copies its DNA to produce two new cells, it makes multiple mistakes.

Kole's work focused on tricking the red blood cell manufacturing machinery of thalassaemic patients into producing normal haemoglobin from their mutated genes.

In normal cells, DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is then translated to produce proteins such as haemoglobin.

In normal mice with working photoreceptors (PR driven), stimulating the retina produces a variety of responses in retinal ganglion cells, the output of the eye.

Photoswitches inserted into retinal ganglion cells (RGC) of blind mice produce much less variety of response (all evenly red means the cells fire at the same time), while blind mice with photoswitches inserted into bipolar cells (ON - BC driven) exhibit much more variety in their retinal response to light, closer to that of normal mice.

To overcome this hurdle, researchers genetically engineered human T cells to produce a CAR protein that recognizes a glycopeptide found on various cancer cells but not normal cells, and then demonstrated its effectiveness in mice with leukemia and pancreatic cancer.

If the egg were indelibly etched with asymmetric information that unequivocably determines development, the argument went, how could two embryonic cells be separated and still produce whole, intact, normal individuals?

As a result, the cell «contracts, but it produces less than normal force,» Sweeney says.

The cells the researchers produced respond to glucose by producing insulin, just as normal β cells do.

This shows how a normal process of tissue development produces a cell type that is predisposed to acquire cancer - causing mutations.

This «hyperspectral imaging» measures light that cells naturally produce during their normal activities.

The limitation may be that normal cells do not produce active telomerase, which can rebuild the telomeres and keep cells from becoming senescent.

The RNA molecules direct which proteins the cell produces, so the RNA sequences show how tumor cells behave differently to normal cells.