Since the in vitro reprogramming systems are characterised by very low efficiency Petra's lab focuses on the systems where epigenetic reprogramming occurs naturally as a part of
normal embryonic development.
It should be said that stem cell lines are quite different from
normal embryonic development and these results should be interpreted with caution.
The role of FOXD1 in GBM, Nakano and colleagues say, suggests that the mesenchymal GSCs have hijacked the molecular mechanism of
normal embryonic development to promote tumor growth.
EMT is crucial for
normal embryonic development, but also operates in wound healing, and when abnormally switched on, can enable the spread of tumor cells.
Nanog appears in both the morula (12 - cell stage) and in high concentration at an advanced stage of
normal embryonic development, the blastocyst (150 - cell stage).
Not exact matches
While the entity generated by deleting or disabling early
embryonic genes would produce only an unorganized collection of stem cells, it would do so after a period of what appears to be relatively
normal development.
The latest findings show that genetic defects in the body's ability to manufacture carnitine might be associated with an increased risk of autism because carnitine deficiency interferes with the
normal processes by which neural stem cells promote and organize
embryonic and fetal brain
development.
The team suspects that the
normal protein plays «a major role in
embryonic development,» Auerbach says, perhaps in DNA repair and replication.
Their
embryonic development is pretty
normal — except for a bent great toe.
All of the mice produced
normal amounts of SOX2 during
development, when the transcription factor plays a critical role in the genesis of
embryonic and neural stem cells.
If the egg were indelibly etched with asymmetric information that unequivocably determines
development, the argument went, how could two
embryonic cells be separated and still produce whole, intact,
normal individuals?
But Mary Herbert, a reproductive biologist at the University of Newcastle, UK, who is part of a team pursuing mitochondrial replacement, says that mitochondria behave very differently in
embryonic stem cells compared to
normal human
development.
Mutations in these animals began to amass during
embryonic development, while
normal animals don't begin to accumulate mutations until after birth.
My post-doctoral work on the identification of genes required for
normal germ line
development and fertility led to the discovery that the germ line is exquisitely sensitive to mutations in components of the mitotic spindle that have the potential to lead to aneuploidy — this sensitivity may also extend to
embryonic and adult stem cells.
By the late 1800s, researchers understood cancer enough to realize that they must better understand
normal development in order to better combat cancerous tumors and their
embryonic - like cells (Brewer et al., 2009).
seek to identify the mutational processes underlying mutational signatures found in cancers, characterise the mutational processes operating in
normal cells, use phylogenetic analyses of somatic mutations in humans to explore cellular lineages during
embryonic development
They discovered that extra chromosome 21 - a genetic state known as trisomy 21 - disturbs a key regulating gene called NRSF or REST, which in turn disturbs the cascade of other genes that control
normal development at the
embryonic stem cell stage.
Brca1 is required for
embryonic development of the mouse cerebral cortex to
normal size by preventing apoptosis of early neural progenitors.
During that time, she applied her knowledge of the processes governing
normal heart
development to direct the differentiation of
embryonic stem cells into the cardiac lineage.
This current is a natural adjunct of
embryonic development, present in all wild - type hair cells but declining after birth with emergence of the
normal - polarity current.