Getting exact numbers right is hard but operating principles like
the north polar water cooling system I just described is easy.
Not exact matches
The sea is just 5 °
north of the Martian equator and would be the first discovery of a large body of
water beyond the planet's
polar ice caps.
Unlike the south
polar cap, the
north polar cap probably consists of
water - ice.
The team was especially interested in regions near the
north and south poles, because the
polar ice caps are the planet's largest known reservoir of
water.
Significantly, this
water was found near Mars»
north pole, but not in its
polar icecaps, indicating that
water extends farther than just those areas of trapped
water ice, dust and carbon dioxide.
«Every summer when the sun melts the surface the
water has to go someplace, so it accumulates in these ponds,» said Jamie Morison, a
polar scientist at the UW Applied Physics Laboratory and principal investigator since 2000 of the
North Pole Environmental Observatory.
An innovative use of radio collars has allowed researchers to gauge the long - distance swimming skills of
polar bears in the Arctic Ocean
waters north of Alaska.
Unfortunately,
North Atlantic
polar and subpolar
waters that now offer hospitable refuge down to depths of 3 km will become mostly corrosive by the end of the century due to invasion of fossil fuel CO2.
In the antarctic
polar band (60 and south) there is no ocean at all, all
water vapor coming in from the stratospheric conveyor belt (Hadley cell to temperate cell to
polar cell), and in the
north, there is an icy ocean mostly covered with floes and fast ice.
That line is 0, meaning zero ice, essentially nothing but liquid
water at the Earth's
north polar regions; that means this graph gives you an absolute scale.
, lightning related insurance claims, Lyme disease, Malaria, malnutrition, Maple syrup shortage, marine diseases, marine food chain decimated, Meaching (end of the world), megacryometeors, Melanoma, methane burps, melting permafrost, migration, microbes to decompose soil carbon more rapidly, more bad air days, more research needed, mountains break up, mudslides, next ice age, Nile delta damaged, no effect in India, nuclear plants bloom, ocean acidification, outdoor hockey threatened, oyster diseases, ozone loss, ozone repair slowed, ozone rise, pests increase, plankton blooms, plankton loss, plant viruses,
polar tours scrapped, psychosocial disturbances, railroad tracks deformed, rainfall increase, rainfall reduction, refugees, release of ancient frozen viruses, resorts disappear, rift on Capitol Hill, rivers raised, rivers dry up, rockfalls, rocky peaks crack apart, Ross river disease, salinity reduction, Salmonella, sea level rise, sex change, ski resorts threatened, smog, snowfall increase, snowfall reduction, societal collapse, songbirds change eating habits, sour grapes, spiders invade Scotland, squid population explosion, spectacular orchids, tectonic plate movement, ticks move northward (Sweden), tides rise, tree beetle attacks, tree foliage increase (UK), tree growth slowed, trees less colourful, trees more colourful, tropics expansion, tsunamis, Venice flooded, volcanic eruptions, walrus pups orphaned, wars over
water,
water bills double,
water supply unreliability,
water scarcity (20 % of increase), weeds, West Nile fever, whales move
north, wheat yields crushed in Australia, white Christmas dream ends, wildfires, wine — harm to Australian industry, wine industry damage (California), wine industry disaster (US), wine — more English, wine — no more French, wind shift, winters in Britain colder, wolves eat more moose, wolves eat less, workers laid off, World bankruptcy, World in crisis, Yellow fever.
A recent, widely publicized research study has suggested that the ocean's «thermohaline» circulation that keeps the Earth's
north polar region warmed by the flow of tropical
water northward could suddenly shut down.
Most interesting is that the about monthly variations correlate with the lunar phases (peak on full moon) The Helsinki Background measurements 1935 The first background measurements in history; sampling data in vertical profile every 50 - 100m up to 1,5 km; 364 ppm underthe clouds and above Haldane measurements at the Scottish coast 370 ppmCO2 in winds from the sea; 355 ppm in air from the land Wattenberg measurements in the southern Atlantic ocean 1925-1927 310 sampling stations along the latitudes of the southern Atlantic oceans and parts of the northern; measuring all oceanographic data and CO2 in air over the sea; high ocean outgassing crossing the warm
water currents
north (> ~ 360 ppm) Buchs measurements in the northern Atlantic ocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current, North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly av
north (> ~ 360 ppm) Buchs measurements in the northern Atlantic ocean 1932 - 1936 sampling CO2 over sea surface in northern Atlantic Ocean up to the
polar circle (Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen, Barents Sea); measuring also high CO2 near Spitsbergen (Spitsbergen current,
North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly av
North Cape current) 364 ppm and CO2 over sea crossing the Atlantic from Kopenhagen to Newyork and back (Brements on a swedish island Lundegards CO2 sampling on swedish island (Kattegatt) in summer from 1920 - 1926; rising CO2 concentration (+7 ppm) in the 20s; ~ 328 ppm yearly average
-LRB-- NAO) This sea ice then melts in the Sub
Polar Atlantic, releasing fresh
water into the sub -
polar Atlantic
waters, which in turn impedes the formation of NADW, which slows down the thermohaline circulation causing warm air not to be brought up from the lower latitudes as far
north as previous while in lessening amounts.
Yet this now appears to be underway, as we showed in a recent article, and as we now appear to be witnessing before our very eyes in the form of an anomalous blob of cold
water in the sup -
polar North Atlantic.
Global warming appears to be shifting the drifting direction of the
North Pole so far this century due to the melting of
polar ice and redistribution of
water on land.
A negative SAM pushes the tracks of storms spinning of the
polar vortex further
north piling cold
water off the South American coast.
One of the consequences could be a disruption of major ocean currents, particularly those flowing
north and south, circulating warm
water from the equator to
polar regions and cold
water from the poles back to the equator.
10 Fishery biologists observed that «species of fish such as cod, haddock and herring expanded farther
north while colder -
water species such as capelin and
polar cod retreated northward.
Franz Josef Land provides the most stable sea ice habitat for Barents Sea
polar bears because it is largely beyond the influence of warm
water influxes from the
North Atlantic.
As the last major ice age began to recede around 17,000 years ago,
polar ice caps in the
north and south started to melt, releasing vast quantities of fresh
water into the salty oceans, altering natural currents, affecting the environment.
«During aerial surveys in September 1987 — 2003, a total of 315 live
polar bears were observed with 12 (3.8 %) animals in open
water, defined for purposes of this analysis as marine
waters > 2 km
north of the Alaska Beaufort Sea coastline or associated barrier islands.
For the longest time it was thought that the MOC was «thermohaline», or sometimes referred to as horizontal convection, driven by
water sinking at the
North Atlantic
polar regions and gradually diffusing up in various equatorward regions, which seems pretty inefficient.
Melting
polar ice sends fresh
water into the
North Atlantic.
[1975] Greenland, which is a small Antarctica, a
polar landmass entirely surrounded by
water, has an ocean to the south that remains as a vapor reservoir even when the ocean to the
north freezes, so it retains its ice cap.
The presence of this warm
water in the
North Atlantic helps explain why Scotland has a relatively mild climate when compared to places at similar latitudes in
North America such as Churchill, Manitoba — a Canadian town famous for its seasonal
polar bear population.
The evidence of greenhouse warming, from cooling stratosphere to
polar amplification, especially in the
north, is clear — and the well - grounded feedbacks are on the positive side, from
water vapour to albedo.
The basic thermohaline circulation is one of sinking of cold
water in the
polar regions, chiefly in the northern
North Atlantic and near Antarctica.