Unfortunately, state tests do
not measure every outcome parents and taxpayers (and students) expect from schools, and cost is a factor in determining what gets measured.
Not exact matches
Since value depends on results,
not inputs, value in health care is
measured by the
outcomes achieved,
not the volume of services delivered, and shifting focus from volume to value is a central challenge.
When it's hard to
measure business
outcomes, marketers use metrics that stand in for those numbers: activity
not results, quantity
not quality, efficiency
not effectiveness.
But if we
measure not by absolute
outcome but by reaching your potential, we all have the same opportunity.
Managers must understand how to
measure and account for
outcomes while building connections with employees when they can't see them.
Yet the legal review of the trade
measure had
not been completed and, as of Thursday morning, White House advisers were still discussing various
outcomes for tariff levels and which countries could be included, according to people familiar with the deliberations.
With such a program it is
not possible to hide from participants whether or
not they received the intervention and
outcome measures rely on self - reports of events that may have occurred a few years in the past.
Our actual expectation is that the completion of the current market cycle is likely to wipe out the entire total return of the S&P 500 — in excess of Treasury bill returns — all the way back to roughly October 1997; an
outcome that would require a market retreat no larger than it experienced in the past two cycles, and that would
not even carry historically reliable valuation
measures to materially undervalued levels (see When You Look Back On This Moment In History).
Investors» misperceptions about what impacts their
outcomes often make them spend too much time
measuring what doesn't matter and
not enough time on what does.
Each is apt to
measure results
not by statistical
outcomes, but by one lost sheep at a time.
Obviously, one could form four such sets of products of possible spin - values —
not by considering
N simultaneous double spin -
measuring experiments, but by considering the possible
outcomes of a set of
N serial experiments yet to be performed, in each of which it is possible to decide upon the orientation of the spin -
measuring devices after the two neutrons have ceased to interact.
But there isn't yet clear scientific data that
measures how much of a difference Baby College makes in
outcomes for children.
This study did
not examine that
outcome, nor did it
measure how many newborns had low APGAR or required resuscitation.
Because none demonstrated a clinically significant or relevant improvement in safety, range of motion including extension, or other
outcome measures, and given the expense, postoperative bracing was
not included as part of the original or revised MOON protocol.
Current research includes: co-leading organisational case studies in Birthplace in England, a national study of birth
outcomes in home, midwife led, and obstetric led units; investigating the relationship between
measures of safety climate and health care quality in A and E and intrapartum care; and conducting
nested process evaluations of two trials of obesity in pregnancy behavioural interventions.
Nonetheless, some experts caution that asking voters to consider two referendum questions on the November ballot might
not produce the desired
outcomes for either organization, in particular, if those casting ballots fear that supporting both
measures would mean higher taxes.
Absolute inequality
measures reflect
not only inequalities across socioeconomic subgroups but also public health importance of the
outcome in consideration, and they could provide different, even contradictory, patterns of inequalities from relative
measures in a given
outcome.21, 22 However,
measuring absolute inequality is often neglected in health inequalities research.23 Relative risks (RRs) and absolute risk differences (RDs) of discontinuing breastfeeding among mothers with lower education compared with mothers with complete university education (reference category) were separately estimated in the intervention and in the control group and then compared between the two groups.
Two reviews do
not report summary
measures of effectiveness but suggest that parent training has a positive effect on children's behaviour problems, parental well - being and social
outcomes [15] and a positive effect for young children with conduct disorder [16].
Other
outcome measures were reported, including a
measure of maternal satisfaction in one study of 15 women, but there were
not sufficient numbers to allow us to draw any conclusions.
Given the heterogeneity in the choice of
outcome measures routinely collected and reported in randomised evaluations of models of maternity care, a core (minimum) data set, such as that by Devane 2007, and a validated
measure of maternal quality of life and well being would be useful
not only within multi-centre trials and for comparisons between trials, but might also be a significant step in facilitating useful meta - analyses of similar studies.
Studies had to be case control for the purpose of the statistical analysis; have breastfeeding as a
measured exposure and leukemia as a
measured outcome; include data on breastfeeding duration in months, including but
not limited to, 6 months or more (where relevant data were unavailable in the publication, the authors of the studies were contacted); and been published in peer - reviewed journals with full text available in English.
Confounding happens when something
NOT measured is associated with both the intervention and the
outcome.
There was
not enough difference in the two groups (nor enough
measured outcomes) for one to expect much more.
Other
measures have yet to find acceptance, but it is unlikely that a single
measure will ever be satisfactory for a process that involves mother and baby and for which the end result is
not the only
outcome that matters.
Given the ambiguity surrounding the concept of satisfaction, it was
not surprising to find inconsistency in the instruments, scales, timing of administration and
outcomes used to «
measure» satisfaction across studies.
«While SNE supports breastfeeding and the principles on which this law was drafted, we are concerned that the
measures would
not have the intended
outcome, and could even result in negative health impacts.»
Given the heterogeneity in the choice of
outcome measures routinely collected and reported in randomised evaluations of models of maternity care, a core (minimum) dataset, such as that by Devane 2007, and a validated
measure of maternal quality of life and wellbeing would be useful
not only within multi-centre trials and for comparisons between trials, but might also be a significant step in facilitating useful meta - analyses of similar studies.
Getting comparable statistics is difficult as the statistics for different countries may use different samples (including or
not those who receive lesser sentences or various forms of caution),
measure different
outcomes (re-arrest, re-conviction or re-imprisonment).
You should be able to show what
measures you intend to track and what tools you currently have in place to track them, even if you do
not have the data to show where your
outcomes stand.
If the aspiration is excellence, how can we
measure whether it's being achieved and what happens when the government's well - intended goals of improving health
outcomes don't actually occur.
We will
measure the things that really count: reoffending levels compared to a predicted rate; employment
outcomes for prisoners; whether or
not the offender went into permanent accommodation; and what progress was made on basic literacy and key skills.
Ms May said: «Whilst we would
not wish to pre-judge the
outcome of the review, both parties in the coalition are clear that the 28 day maximum period should be a temporary
measure and one that we will be looking to reduce it over time.»
«The
outcome is unacceptable by any
measure, and an issue that was
not politicized in the extreme in the past has now been turned into a political football,» the mayor added.
«Current practices do
not contribute to scientific progress because the data from the procedures are unsuitable for follow - up research to
measure outcomes.
«We don't think that traffic accidents are the main
outcome; they happen to be the
outcome we can
measure.»
While the treatment did have some favorable effects, in the main
measure of
outcome —
measured with a cognitive test called the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - cognitive subscale — the researchers did
not observe any statistically significant benefit compared with placebo.
«The follow - up period was relatively short — six weeks — and the study was
not statistically powered to
measure clinical
outcomes,» said Tindle, who served as the lead study physician while working at the University of Pittsburgh through the summer of 2014.
The pharmaceutical
measures were
not associated with the other health
outcomes studied.
However, in analyses that accounted for important patient characteristics such as age, sex, comorbidities, and the reason for hospitalization, the quality of care of the discharging hospital and SNF facility characteristics,
outcomes did
not vary meaningfully across SNFs that differed in staffing ratings or their performance on clinical
measures related to pain or delirium.
The researchers found that the primary
measured outcome, change in peak oxygen uptake (reflects mechanisms by which iron repletion is expected to improve systemic oxygen delivery and use) from study entry to 16 weeks did
not significantly differ between the two groups.
And why, if physicians» cognitive pitfalls are so predictable and the benefit of
measuring outcomes so compelling, can't our vaunted medical schools (including Harvard) simply teach success?
Contrary to popular practice, a
measure of the heart's pumping function known as «left ventricular ejection fraction» is
not associated with the long - term
outcomes of hospitalized heart failure patients, a UCLA - led study of Medicare patients has found.
At the same time, he says, the Hamilton scale that
measures outcomes doesn't capture the many aspects of well - being antidepressants promote.
The effectiveness of current approaches can also be examined, for example increases in Florida manatee deaths due to collisions with watercraft are shown
not to be an inevitable
outcome from the increasing numbers of boats found on waterways, since the charts indicate that mortality levels can be significantly stabilised with sensible waterway traffic
measures.
«Better
outcome measures needed for clinical trials for Fragile X Syndrome: Assessments
not keeping up with clinical trial advances.»
«While the present report suggests that optimal
outcome measures for FXS are
not yet fully developed, the recent failures of clinical trials in the FXS treatment field represent an opportunity to implement novel study designs and methodologies,» concludes Budimirovic.
The
outcome of the experiment depends on what the physicists try to
measure: If they set up detectors beside the slits, the photons act like ordinary particles, always traversing one route or the other,
not both at the same time.
He said: «While we accept that there may be longer term benefits of the scheme which we can
not yet
measure it appears that the Quality and
Outcomes Framework has failed to reduce mortality rates since 2007.
Social support was negatively associated with distress by several studies; the review found that several different
measures of social support (the tendency to use a partner, friends and / or family when experiencing difficulties and distress), were associated with far better emotional
outcomes, both for the women who got pregnant and those who didn't.
When the ACS implemented its model for
measuring surgical
outcomes in adult surgery in 2004, it quickly became clear that, while that system would be useful in an adult setting, it couldn't be used by pediatric surgeons.