Sentences with phrase «nuclear dna»

Mitochondrial DNA tests can be less definitive than nuclear DNA tests often used in forensics, but are necessary when samples have deteriorated, he said.

1]-RRB- dispersal are detailed in Table II; the elements of plant strategies are: PT is plant type, sm is shoot morphology, lf is leaf form, c is canopy, loep is length of established phase, lor is lifetime of roots, lp is leaf phenology, rop is reproductive organ phenology, ff is flowering frequency, poaps = proportion of annual production for seeds, podup is perennating organs during unfavourable periods, rs is regenerative strategy, mpgr is mean potential growth rate, rrd is response to resource depletion, pumn is photosynthetic uptake of mineral nutrients, ac is acclimation capacity, sop is storage of photosynthates, lc is litter characteristic, psh is palatability to non-specific herbivores and nDNA is nuclear DNA amount.

The oldest nuclear DNA from Africa... at a burial site called Grotte des Pigeons near the eastern town of Taforalt.

To address these gaps in knowledge, we utilized a genetic approach to increase endogenous nuclear DNA damage in mice.

The cell automatically fixes much of the damage done to nuclear DNA.

And uh — you have on your DNA or in our nuclear DNA what are called CpG islands, which are just uh — It's a portion of your DNA where the methyl group binds.

''... microglial proliferation can be induced under inflammatory responses in the brain with an increased production of ROS; therefore, microglia accumulate 8 - oxoG in nuclear DNA.»

This happens because mitochondrial DNA is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage and shows a more than ten-fold greater mutation rate than nuclear DNA.

The procedure transplants nuclear DNA from an egg of a woman with mitochondrial disease into an enucleated egg cell from a woman with healthy mitochondria.

What makes mtDNA particularly interesting is that, unlike nuclear DNA which is equally inherited from both father and mother, mtDNA is inherited only from the mother, because all our mitochondria are descended from those in our mother's egg cell (there may be rare exceptions to this rule, however; see below).

It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.

(This does not prove that they made no contributions to the nuclear DNA of any modern humans, however.)

If nuclear DNA damage does contribute to metabolic dysfunction, then keeping it below a certain threshold should work to prevent aging?

The aim of WICT is the removal from the organismal environment of accumulated cellular and intracellular damage present in the patient's endogenous cells, including telomere depletion, nuclear DNA damage and mutations, mitochondrial DNA damage and mutations, replicative senescence, functionally - deleterious age - related changes in gene expression and accumulated cellular and intracellular aggregates.

It produces a much more detailed view of the state of nuclear DNA inside a cell population, showing the enormous variations in stochastic mutational damage that takes place over the years.

We know that nuclear DNA becomes more mutated over time, and we know that many of the methods of slowing aging, such as calorie restriction, produce reduced levels of mutation at a given age in comparison to normally aging individuals.

Most cells with critical mutations in nuclear DNA (a) undergo apoptosis, (b) become senescent or (c) become cancerous (and we have already discussed how to address each of these problems).

Nuclear DNA was quantified using the human - specific AluYb8 assay described in Walker et al. [21], including an internal amplification positive control to test for the presence of PCR inhibitors in the DNA extracts.

Mutation in nuclear DNA is certainly a contributing cause of cancer, though it can be argued that the decline of the immune system - responsible for killing cancers before it gets underway - is actually more significant than mutations when it comes to the age - related nature of cancer risk.

However: at present there is no compelling causal evidence to show that nuclear DNA damage alone has a significant effect over the present human life span in comparison to other contributions to degenerative aging.

Nonetheless, it is the present consensus that nuclear DNA damage does cause meaningful metabolic dysfunction; a lot of research proceeds upon this assumption.

Blue is nuclear DNA stain.

Age - induced accumulation of nuclear DNA damage, decline in mitochondrial function and alterations in gene expression have been thought to contribute to aging.

In addition to mitochondrial dysfunction, a series of recent studies indicate that nuclear DNA damage accrual and loss of maintenance of nuclear genomic stability induce the aging process.

Linking nuclear DNA damage and epigenetic changes to stem cell and mitochondrial decline during aging

However, these problems were eliminated through the inclusion of both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences.

These problems have previously occurred in analyses with mitochondrial DNA [15], [65], [66], but are eliminated when the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data are combined.

He commented: «Mitochondrial and some nuclear DNA fragments have previously been isolated from mammoths frozen in permafrost, but the key question is whether sufficiently intact nuclei could be extracted from mammoth cells, which will have been frozen for at least 10,000 years at relatively high sub-zero temperatures.

Mutational damage to nuclear DNA increases with age, and this is one of the reasons as to why cancer is predominantly an age - related disease.

Flow cytometric technique provides a method for assessing the cells nuclear DNA content and proliferation rate by using the value of S - phase fraction (SPF)[12].

Cellular senescence is often fueled by nuclear DNA damage followed by chronic DDR activation; telomere shortening, mitogenic oncogenes, or intrinsic DNA damage can lead to different types of senescence limiting the replicative lifespan of cells.

Still, it will not remain unanswerable, and even today convincing and well - anchored arguments can be made either way, for and against the significance of nuclear DNA damage in aging.

The only plausible methods of repairing stochastic nuclear DNA damage look to be the aforementioned advanced molecular nanotechnology, something that lies some decades in the future, or major advances in gene therapy, to the point at which it could be cost - effective and safe to scan and conditionally alter the majority of genes in the majority of cells all at once.

Given this, it seems very plausible that in the decades ahead there will be many partially rejuvenated, active, healthy people at advanced ages walking around, all bearing very high levels of nuclear DNA damage, but protected from the consequent cancer incidence by highly effective next generation therapies.

Interestingly, many of those on the side of nuclear DNA damage as being important in aging beyond cancer risk tend to pull senescent cells into the picture they paint.

The resulting egg — with nuclear DNA from the mother and mitochondrial DNA from a donor — was then fertilised with the father's sperm.

One of the characteristics of aging is that despite the panoply of repair efforts, cells accumulate random nuclear DNA damage.

If nuclear DNA damage was removed, such as via the somewhat distant molecular nanomachinery of chromallocytes, programmable nanorobots moving from cell to cell to fix each breakage, then aside from the elimination of cancer, would it have any other measurable effect on health and longevity?

The second method used somatic cell nuclear transfer (cloning techniques) to exchange all the mtDNA from the patient's cells with normal mtDNA from an egg donor in order to derive embryonic stem cells that are patient - specific with respect to nuclear DNA, but «rescued» with respect to mtDNA.

They show that it is possible to derive iPS cells from a patient who has a mix of mutant and normal mtDNA (is heteroplasmic), where the separate cell lines can have anything from 0 to 100 % mutant mtDNA, but the same nuclear DNA.

«The paper is a meticulous dissection of all technical steps involved in the procedure of nuclear DNA transfer for clinical purposes of preventing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) disease inheritance.

Three also yielded readable samples of the nuclear DNA.

The chimeric oocytes (that contain the mother's nuclear DNA and the donor's mitochondria) then undergo fertilization through standard IVF methods.

«Seven out of eight ES cell lines derived from (parthenogenetic) embryos after MRT (spindle transfer) showed no or very low persistence of the mtDNA haplotype that was carried over with the nuclear DNA.

All muscle fibers exhibit complex II immunoreactivity, consistent with the nuclear DNA - encoded expression pattern of this and all other subunits of complex II.

Blue is DAPI, staining nuclear DNA.

In Star Wars: Attack of the Clones, the nuclear DNA for clone army grown on the planet Kamino for the Galactic Republic came from the bounty hunter Jango Fett — Boba Fett «s father.

An analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from fossils of extinct New World stilt - legged horses reveals that, contrary to previous findings, these enigmatic...

Nuclear DNA is what researchers have been waiting for, though many have doubted the feasibility of obtaining it.

Much of what they sequenced turned out to be microbial contaminants, as expected, but 6 percent was cave bear nuclear DNA, including bits of 21 genes.