And nuclear power is just as sustainable as any other power source — even if we only use conventional
nuclear fast reactor designs, there is enough uranium in the oceans and on land (recoverable at prices that allow the fuel costs of fast reactors to remain the same as today — which is trivial) to last for 5 billlion years, the expected time remaining fo our sun.
Not exact matches
In its efforts to develop safer, cheaper, and more efficient
nuclear reactors, the Idaho National Laboratory has researched half a dozen next - generation
reactor designs; these two (the sodium - cooled
fast reactor and the very - high - temperature
reactor) are the most promising.
Briefly, fissioning atoms in the
nuclear reactor's fuel emit neutrons that are traveling too
fast to efficiently cause other atoms to fission.
Now, researchers have come up with a way to 3D print tough and flexible stainless steel, an advance that could lead to
faster and cheaper ways to make everything from rocket engines to parts for
nuclear reactors and oil rigs.
«Yeah, there's less concrete and, yeah, there's less steel in the
reactor vessel,» says
nuclear engineer Eric Loewen, chief consulting engineer at GE Hitachi Nuclear Energy, which is proposing a modular fast reactor to help the U.K. with its plutonium p
nuclear engineer Eric Loewen, chief consulting engineer at GE Hitachi
Nuclear Energy, which is proposing a modular fast reactor to help the U.K. with its plutonium p
Nuclear Energy, which is proposing a modular
fast reactor to help the U.K. with its plutonium problem.
F: A
nuclear - thermal rocket — a fission
reactor that heats hydrogen to 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit — gives you an exhaust velocity twice as
fast as the best chemical rocket.
This
nuclear fuel cycle would combine two innovations: pyrometallurgical processing (a high - temperature method of recycling
reactor waste into fuel) and advanced
fast - neutron
reactors capable of burning that fuel.
An Outdated Strategy Early
nuclear engineers expected that the plutonium in the spent fuel of thermal
reactors would be removed and then used in
fast - neutron
reactors, called
fast breeders because they were designed to produce more plutonium than they consume.
Fast reactors can thus minimize the risk that spent fuel from energy production would be used for weapons production, while providing a unique ability to squeeze the maximum energy out of
nuclear fuel.
Fast reactors can extract more energy from
nuclear fuel than thermal
reactors do because their rapidly moving (higherenergy) neutrons cause atomic fi ssions more effi ciently than the slow thermal neutrons do.
Fast - neutron
reactors could extract much more energy from recycled
nuclear fuel, minimize the risks of weapons proliferation and markedly reduce the time
nuclear waste must be isolated
Thierry Dujardin, an official with the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development's
Nuclear Energy Agency in Paris, told Science for a 27 February 2009 article that fast reactors could help reduce nuclear waste and cut greenhouse gas emi
Nuclear Energy Agency in Paris, told Science for a 27 February 2009 article that
fast reactors could help reduce
nuclear waste and cut greenhouse gas emi
nuclear waste and cut greenhouse gas emissions.
All this, he said, was done in the face of the advice of the
nuclear and energy supply industries that
fast breeder
reactors should be backed and that they would be prepared to make a contribution to the funds, given the government's commitment.
The radioactive material was reprocessed by the French company Cogema in La Hague and will be used in Japan's
fast - breeder
nuclear reactor programme.
The real message, though, must be for those in the
nuclear industry who still believe that it makes sense to press ahead with a European demonstration
fast reactor.
And even with such
fast - neutron
reactors, the amount of potentially worrisome material for making
nuclear weapons does not change.
Japan has pursued
fast - breeder technology, through which a
reactor can produce more plutonium than it burns in hopes of cutting or eliminating imports of
nuclear fuel.
The U.K. is considering a plan to build two of General Electric's PRISM
fast reactors, the latest in a series of
fast -
reactor designs that for several decades have attempted with mixed success to handle plutonium and other radioactive waste from
nuclear power.
Poneman said Monju came up in the discussions because of the possibility of using
fast reactors to burn plutonium and the long - lived isotopes of elements such as neptunium and americium that account for much of the radiotoxicity of
nuclear waste.
Nuclear power experts from Japan and the United States met in Tokyo today, and one surprising topic of conversation was the host country's Monju experimental
fast reactor.
The idea remains that
fast reactors, which get their name because the neutrons that initiate fission in the
reactor are zipping about
faster than those in a conventional
reactor, could offer a speedy solution to cleaning some nasty
nuclear waste, which fissions better with
fast neutrons, while also providing electricity as a by - product.
One attractive feature of
fast reactors is that they can produce more fuel than they consume, avoiding the issue of the limited supplies of the uranium used in conventional
nuclear reactors.
Even with a fleet of such
fast reactors, nations would nonetheless require an ultimate home for radioactive waste, one reason that a 2010 M.I.T. report on spent
nuclear fuel dismissed such
fast reactors.
«The technology with the potential to solve these problems (of climate change, future energy shortfalls and cleaning up
nuclear waste) is the
fast reactor, ideally the integral
fast reactor (IFR)... IFRs, once loaded with
nuclear waste, can, in principle, keep recycling it until only a small fraction remains, producing energy as they do so.»
«The PRISM
fast reactor is attracting friends among environmentalists formerly opposed to
nuclear power... Only
fast reactors can consume the plutonium.
PRISM is a high energy neutron (
fast)
reactor which uses a series of proven, safe and mature technologies to create an innovative solution to dispose of used
nuclear fuel and surplus plutonium.
So, by providing good responses to the sustainability and the waste toxicity,
fast reactors have maintained the interest of much of the forward - looking
nuclear crowd.
Fast reactors are a class of advanced
nuclear reactors that have some key advantages over traditional
reactors in safety, sustainability, and waste.
This makes the
nuclear waste coming out of
fast reactors decay to natural radiation levels much
faster than traditional
nuclear waste.
Also, recycling
nuclear fuel (as is often but not always called for in
fast reactor fuel cycles) brings up proliferation concerns that inspired the Jimmy Carter administration to cancel a large US effort to develop a
fast -
reactor system.
Also, one of the only ways to really destroy
nuclear waste is to burn it in
fast reactors.
«Unlike today's
nuclear reactor, the IFR [integral
fast reactor] can generate unlimited amounts of inexpensive clean power for hundreds of thousands of years... It provides an excellent solution for what to do with our
nuclear waste because it can use our existing
nuclear waste for fuel and it is significantly more proliferation - resistant than other methods of dealing with
nuclear waste... The IFR is also inherently safe.
Thus, liquid sodium is the coolant of choice in
fast reactors because it can effectively transfer heat away from the
nuclear fuel, while at the same time maximizing the number of
fast neutrons.
GE Hitachi
Nuclear Energy have developed the sodium - cooled
fast reactor PRISM to advanced conceptual design, and the design is ready to start undergoing the regulatory process.
Last October, GEH and Southern
Nuclear signed an MoU to collaborate on the development and licensing of
fast reactors including GEH's Prism.
«The ARC
Nuclear team brings decades of sodium
fast reactor experience to this collaboration and, by working together, we can accelerate commercialization of this technology.»
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) president Atsuyuki Suzuki has resigned after the country's
nuclear regulator blocked the restart of the Monju prototype
fast breeder
reactor (FBR) due to inspection deficiencies.
GEH and ARC
Nuclear have each developed advanced
reactor designs based on the EBR - II, an integral sodium - cooled
fast reactor prototype which was developed by Argonne National Laboratory and operated successfully for more than 30 years at Idaho Falls, Idaho.
PRISM is a high energy neutron (
fast)
reactor design which uses a series of proven, safe and mature technologies to provide an innovative solution to disposition plutonium stockpiles and harness the remaining energy potential of used
nuclear fuel and surplus plutonium.
While there are more than 90 advanced
nuclear technology and small modular reactor designs under various stages of development, GEH and ARC Nuclear view sodium fast reactors as being the most mature advanced reactor technology with decades of real operating experience from more than 20 previous re
nuclear technology and small modular
reactor designs under various stages of development, GEH and ARC
Nuclear view sodium fast reactors as being the most mature advanced reactor technology with decades of real operating experience from more than 20 previous re
Nuclear view sodium
fast reactors as being the most mature advanced
reactor technology with decades of real operating experience from more than 20 previous
reactors.
However, the long - term future of
nuclear power will employ «
fast»
reactors, which utilize ∼ 99 % of the
nuclear fuel and can «burn»
nuclear waste and excess weapons material [243].
«ARC
Nuclear has a heritage of sodium
fast reactor experience that includes key senior scientists and engineers from the EBR - II prototype program — technical leaders involved in developing and demonstrating the
fast reactor foundational technology within the U.S. Department of Energy,» said Don Wolf, Chairman and CEO, ARC
Nuclear.
«The ARC
Nuclear team brings decades of sodium
fast reactor experience to this collaboration and, by working together, we can accelerate commercialisation of this technology.»
The government noted Japan's basic energy policy - decided by the Cabinet in April 2014 - aims to promote the
nuclear fuel cycle, including the promotion of
fast reactor development.
Last, the ultimate inherently safe
reactors the
nuclear industry wants to build are the same liquid sodium
fast breeder
reactors that can explode or melt down.
By the time he was 40, Weinberg had co-invented the pressurized water
reactor, the boiling water
reactor, the sodium
fast reactor, the homogeneous
reactor, the molten salt
reactor, the atomic bomb — and the American
Nuclear Society.
If plant cancellations were from the accidents, as is frequently claimed, then why did the backlash against
nuclear not occur after the far more dangerous 1957 Windscale fire, which shot iodine - 131 across the English countryside, or after the 1966 Fermi - 1 sodium
fast reactor fire?
I've always been against
nuclear but have been looking at the claims for
fast neutron
reactors.
You can find a rich archive of alternative
nuclear stories here, including thorium, molten salt, pebble beds,
fast reactors, modular
reactors, fusion and more.
Each dollar spent on a new
reactor buys about two to ten times less carbon savings and is 20 to 40 times slower, than spending that dollar on the cheaper,
faster, safer solutions that make
nuclear power unnecessary and uneconomic: efficient use of electricity, making heat and power together in factories or buildings («cogeneration»), and renewable energy.