Sentences with phrase «nucleation rate»
The phrase "nucleation rate" refers to how quickly new particles or structures are formed in a substance. It represents the speed at which tiny particles start to clump together or form a larger structure. Full definition
the homogeneous nucleation rate of drops nucleation in supersaturated vapor (Eqn.
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The fine - tuned model not only predicted nucleation rates more accurately but also predicted the increases and decreases of nucleation observed in field experiments over the course of a year, especially for measurements near forests.
As far as the webbly is concerned — no one is suggesting that bosons or fermions play any role in real world droplet nucleation rates in a supersaturated atmosphere.
Unfortunately, the section 8.3.2 leaves the reader with the impression that the freezing nucleation rate Jf increases with increasing absolute temperature, T.
They operated their cells at higher current densities, under which one would expect dendrites to form owing to the higher nucleation rates.
This was also the case during the first round of CERN experiments, where a very minor temperature increase (of 0.1 degree) was often more effective at increasing the nucleation rate than bumping up the ionization rate.
The key points in the paper are stated as: (a) Cosmic rays increase nucleation rate, (b) A particle beam is not needed, for experiments, and (c) Ions are important for atmospheric nucleation rate.
«Ground - level GCR ionization substantially increases the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid and sulphuric acid — ammonia particles, by between twofold and tenfold or more, provided that the nucleation rate lies below the limiting ion - pair production rate.»
The previous derivation of the nucleation rate was based on the Boltzmann distribution of the g - mers.
Ions increase the nucleation rate by an additional factor of between two and more than ten at ground - level galactic - cosmic - ray intensities, provided that the nucleation rate lies below the limiting ion - pair production rate.
They find that atmospherically relevant ammonia mixing ratios of 100 parts per trillion by volume increase the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles by more than a factor of 100 to 1,000.
Model calculations suggest that almost half of the global cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer may originate from the nucleation of aerosols from trace condensable vapours4, although the sensitivity of the number of cloud condensation nuclei to changes of nucleation rate may be small5, 6.
Despite extensive research, fundamental questions remain about the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles and the mechanisms responsible, including the roles of galactic cosmic rays and other chemical species such as ammonia7.
We find that atmospherically relevant ammonia mixing ratios of 100 parts per trillion by volume, or less, increase the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles more than 100 — 1,000-fold.