Sentences with phrase «nucleotide base pairs»

Without the hydrogen bonds of their nucleotide base pairs holding them together, they will repel and break apart.

Occasionally, though, one of the nucleotide base pairs that make up the molecule gets switched, or a short stretch of genetic code is duplicated.

It reveals that mice have 14 per cent less DNA than we do, totalling about 2.5 billion nucleotide base pairs against our own 2.9 billion.

Not exact matches

The Human Genome Project, which sequenced the 3 billion pairs of nucleotide bases in human DNA, was a piece of cake in comparison: Epigenetic markers and patterns are different in every tissue type in the human body and also change over time.

The team found that a mutation in a single pair of nucleotides in the gene causes seed coat permeability — that is, a change in one pair out of the approximately 1 billion base pairs that make up the soybean genome.

The model shows the classic double helix of DNA strands going in opposite directions with nucleotides linking to each other across the strands to form base pairs.

The current methods for synthesizing genes, he said, either limit the length of a gene to about 200 base pairs — the sets of nucleotides that made up DNA — or are prohibitively expensive for most labs.

We have determined at 2.1 angstrom resolution the crystal structure of a T7 RNAP elongation complex with 30 base pairs of duplex DNA containing a «transcription bubble» interacting with a 17 - nucleotide RNA transcript.

First, they occurred quickly and the resulting nucleotides spontaneously paired with each other in water, forming hydrogen bonds like the Watson - Crick base pairs that create the «ladder - rung» pattern inside RNA and DNA helixes.

The human genome contains about 3 billion base pairs, but only about 2 percent of these base pairs represent protein - coding genes, meaning that whole - exome sequencing measures the genetic alterations focused on a small but very important fraction of the genome (as opposed to techniques of whole genome sequencing, which measures every nucleotide across the entire genome, regardless of whether these genes are expressed or silent).

Working with French composer Richard Krüll, the pair turned the complete nucleotide sequences of several microbe genes into compositions based on DNA bases: A (adenosine), C (cytosine), G (guanine), and Thymine (which they have translated to «Re,» or D).

The technique of DNA origami capitalizes on the simple base - pairing properties of DNA, a molecule built from the four nucleotides Adenine (A), Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) and (Guanine).

Base - pairing of complementary nucleotides causes the form to fold and self - assemble.

Each base pair is formed from two complementary nucleotides bonded together.

Abbreviations: bp, base pair; CS, Cockayne syndrome; E [number], embryonic day [number]; kb, kilobase; NER, nucleotide excision repair; SEM, standard error of the mean; TFIIH, basal transcription / DNA repair factor IIH; TTD, trichothiodystrophy; UV - RRS, recovery of RNA synthesis after ultraviolet irradiation; UV - UDS, unscheduled DNA synthesis after ultraviolet irradiation; wt, wild - type; XP, xeroderma pigmentosum; XPCS, xeroderma pigmentosum combined with Cockayne syndrome; XPTTD, combination xeroderma pigmentosum and trichothiodystrophy

They may provide as much as three times the amount of base variation as the better - known single nucleotide polylmorphisms (SNPs), where single base pairs vary between individuals without affecting function.

(Left) A single DNA strand (formed by a sugar - phosphate backbone and nucleotide base - pairs).

These nucleotides exist as base pairs that link together like the rungs in a ladder.

A complex technical challenge To put the huge size of the bread wheat genome into context, its constituent number of paired DNA bases, or nucleotides, totals 17,000,000,000 base - pairs (17 Gb).

FRT sites and loxP sites differ at the nucleotide level but share an overall structure of 13 base pair palindromic repeats separated by an 8 bp asymmetric core.

The hairpin precursor shows imperfect complementarity, and base pairs in at least 16 of the ~ 22 nucleotides.

Genome - based comparison of E. coli from infected patients and their immediate environment indicated low genetic similarity overall between the two, although three clinical - environmental isolate pairs differed by ≤ 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms.

In addition to the large CNV mutations they had spotted earlier, they also found de novo changes in single base pairs of DNA — known as single - nucleotide variants (SNVs)-- and small de novo insertions or deletions in chromosomes, all of which made the picture even more complex.