Sentences with phrase «nucleotide changes in»

Molecular evolutionary analysis of the entire coding sequence in the eight representative mammalian species: Monotremes (platypus), Marsupials (opossum) and Eutherians (mouse, rat, dog, rhesus monkey, chimpanzee and human), revealed no excessive non-synonymous nucleotide changes in comparison with synonymous changes.

First, Dr. Shendure described some interesting experiments under way in his lab to elucidate the function of non-coding regulatory variants — specifically, single nucleotide changes in the core promoter that alter gene transcription.

Alpha -1-antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD) is the most common genetic disease of the liver, and is caused by a single nucleotide change in the gene that codes for alpha -1-antitrypsin (A1AT), an enzyme inhibitor that normally protects bodily tissues.

The C to A nucleotide change in exon 3 of A / J (SNP rs29358506) mice causes a nonconservative amino acid change, from histidine (H) to asparagine (N) at position 55 of the protein (H55N).

Not exact matches

The increase, observed as early as 60 seconds after the addition of corticotropin - releasing factor, suggests that changes in the intracellular concentration of the cyclic nucleotide coincide with or precede the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone in response to corticotropin - releasing factor.

The Human Genome Project, which sequenced the 3 billion pairs of nucleotide bases in human DNA, was a piece of cake in comparison: Epigenetic markers and patterns are different in every tissue type in the human body and also change over time.

To generate the models, Jackson created two mutated versions of the PrP - coding gene by changing a single codon — one of the three - nucleotide «words» in genes that code for the various amino acids in proteins.

The research team's hunt for such age - related genetic associations involved studying more than 8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms — changes of one nucleotide for another at a particular spot in the DNA — in 2,693 individuals.

The team found that a mutation in a single pair of nucleotides in the gene causes seed coat permeability — that is, a change in one pair out of the approximately 1 billion base pairs that make up the soybean genome.

Their trouble with language had been caused by the change of a single nucleotide of DNA — just one letter in the genetic sequence.

Further study showed that the region of human DNA that contained the single nucleotide change associated with blondness specifically affected the expression of KITLG only in hair follicles.

The researchers began by confirming that the mouse mutation occurs in a region that is similar, or homologous, to where the single nucleotide change occurs in humans.

In this case, the change is subtle: A single nucleotide called an adenine is replaced by another called a guanine on human chromosome 12.

When a Y chromosome is passed from father to son, the chance that a specific single nucleotide will change from, say, T (thymine) to A (adenine) is on the order of one in a few tens of millions.

Mutation means a change in DNA through, for example, substitution or insertion [of nucleotides].

For the analyses, Thompson and his colleagues looked for single - letter (nucleotide base) changes in DNA that correspond to the sizes of key brain regions.

During development, chromosomes are subject to chemical changes that don't affect the nucleotide sequence but can turn genes on or off; the best known example is methylation, in which a methyl group is attached to specific DNA regions.

Imagine the consequences if some of those piddly nucleotide changes arose in a protein that happened to be a transcription factor: Suddenly, instead of activating 23 different genes, the protein might charge up 21 or 25 of them — or it might turn on the usual 23 but in different ratios than normal.

Although the blood disorder sickle - cell anemia was first described for medical science early in the 20th century, it was not until 1956 that researchers pinpointed its cause: a single change in a nucleotide in the gene that codes for the oxygen - carrying molecule hemoglobin.

In this example, changing a single DNA nucleotide from A to T creates the amino acid serine instead of the expected arginine.

In some sequences, they systematically changed purine RNA nucleotides, containing the bases adenine or guanine, into the corresponding DNA purines.

In others, they changed pyrimidine RNA nucleotides, with cytidine or uracil bases, into pyrimidine DNA nucleotides with cytidine or thymidine bases.

Synonymous single - nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) do not produce altered coding sequences, and therefore they are not expected to change the function of the protein in which they occur.

First, they pored through previously published genetic dragnets, looking for DNA changes in which a single building block, or nucleotide, is substituted for another.

Making changes to only five nucleotides in the β - actin gene, they were able to transform it so that its amino acid output would be exactly the same as the γ - actin protein.

A change in one nucleotide, however, doesn't always change the triplet's meaning; the mutated triplet may still add the same amino acid.

They discovered that earwax type was determined by a change in just one DNA nucleotide in a gene called ABCC11, which was previously found to code for a protein involved in transporting molecules across cell membranes.

CRISPR / Cas9 and related tools can now be used in new ways, such as changing a single nucleotide base — a single letter in the genetic code — or adding a fluorescent protein to tag a spot in the DNA that scientists want to track.

The term «single - nucleotide polymorphism» (SNP) refers to a single base change in DNA sequence between two individuals.

The system can change single RNA nucleotides in mammalian cells in a programmable and precise fashion.

A single disabling change — an alteration of one nucleotide — was found in the TRAPPC9 gene in all three girls.

To determine if positive selection has played a role in Boule evolution, we compared the ratio of the rate of nucleotide changes that result in a non-synonymous amino acid substitution (Ka) to the rate of nucleotide changes that cause a synonymous amino acid substitution (Ks).

As expected, the mutational spectrum was enriched for G - > T and C - > A changes associated with adduct formation on guanine nucleotides induced by benzopyrene, the chemical mutagen found in tobacco smoke.

Topics include neutral theory of molecular evolution, rates and patterns of change in nucleotide sequences and proteins, molecular phylogenetics, and genome evolution.

In a proof of principle study, we found that a previously undescribed single nucleotide polymorphism in the binding domain of the erythrocyte binding like protein (EBL) conferred a dramatic change in red blood cell invasion in mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoeliIn a proof of principle study, we found that a previously undescribed single nucleotide polymorphism in the binding domain of the erythrocyte binding like protein (EBL) conferred a dramatic change in red blood cell invasion in mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoeliin the binding domain of the erythrocyte binding like protein (EBL) conferred a dramatic change in red blood cell invasion in mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoeliin red blood cell invasion in mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoeliin mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoelii.

Kazuko Nishikura, Ph.D., discovered a mechanism of RNA regulation through which cells can make discrete changes in the sequence of nucleotides — the «letters» in the RNA code, ultimately affecting the protein product.

In addition to the large CNV mutations they had spotted earlier, they also found de novo changes in single base pairs of DNA — known as single - nucleotide variants (SNVs)-- and small de novo insertions or deletions in chromosomes, all of which made the picture even more compleIn addition to the large CNV mutations they had spotted earlier, they also found de novo changes in single base pairs of DNA — known as single - nucleotide variants (SNVs)-- and small de novo insertions or deletions in chromosomes, all of which made the picture even more complein single base pairs of DNA — known as single - nucleotide variants (SNVs)-- and small de novo insertions or deletions in chromosomes, all of which made the picture even more complein chromosomes, all of which made the picture even more complex.

In addition, a structural change of a single nucleotide unit can produce a corresponding change in the amino acid sequence of a protein moleculIn addition, a structural change of a single nucleotide unit can produce a corresponding change in the amino acid sequence of a protein moleculin the amino acid sequence of a protein molecule.

They are commercially produced from hydrolyzed yeasts which undergo multiple chemical changes in order to allow extraction of the nucleotides, including heating to denature proteins, cell wall proteolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and dehydration.