Sentences with phrase «nucleotide differences»
"Nucleotide differences" refers to variations in the building blocks of DNA molecules. Nucleotides are the individual units that make up DNA, and these differences occur when there are changes or variations in the sequence of these nucleotide units. Full definition
The team tested animals that had a naturally occurring gene mutation — a single nucleotide difference that in turn changes one amino acid in the receptor proteins for GABA neurotransmitters — and compared them to rats without the mutation.
scientificamerican.com
When the chimp and human genomes are compared, some of the clearest cases of nucleotide differences are found in genes coding for transcription factors.
However, given the right nucleotide difference between the same gene in the two species, the resulting proteins may differ slightly in construction and function.
Many nucleotide differences are neutral — both the mutation and the normal gene cause the same protein to be made.
Suddenly, one minor nucleotide difference would be amplified across a network of gene differences.
Humans and chimps each have somewhere between 20,000 and 30,000 genes, so there are likely to be nucleotide differences in every single gene.
Samani and his colleagues analyzed more than 500,000 genetic variations (naturally occurring, single - nucleotide differences) spanning the genome in blood cells collected from almost 3,000 people.
While the two actin isoforms differ by only four amino acids, their mRNA coding sequences differ by almost 13 percent because of «silent» nucleotide differences that nevertheless encode the same amino acids.
Fewer nucleotide differences suggest a closer relationship (i.e. a more recent common ancestor), while more nucleotide differences suggest the organisms are more distantly related.