Therefore, each tRNA has a specific three -
nucleotide sequence called an anti-codon that matches up with the appropriate mRNA codon, like a lock and key.
Not exact matches
It starts with a long DNA strand —
called a scaffold — that has a precise
sequence of the four molecular units, or
nucleotides, dubbed A, C, G, and T, with which DNA spells out its genetic code.
Bartlett and Davidson devised a technique
called Forensically Informative
Nucleotide Sequencing, or FINS, mainly for use in verifying that processed fish products are made of the species they claim to be.
Called the stairway plot, it models the frequency of single
nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in whole genome
sequences of hundreds of individuals.
That money, most of it from federal grants through the Human Genome Project, has paid for the first rough guides to the 3 billion
nucleotides in human DNA: maps studded with thousands of landmarks
called «
sequence tagged sites» (Science, 25 October 1996, p. 540).
Short read
sequencing has allowed exact identification and
calling of single
nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels and has substantially advanced the study of human populations.
Studying a specific type of genetic variation in the DNA
sequences of wolves and domestic dogs -
called Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)- the scientists identified the transfer of dog gene variants into wolf genomes.
«By combining different methods for RNA
sequencing with new bioinformatics tools we could find novel sites of
nucleotide base exchange, so -
called editing», says Jens Lagergren, Professor at the Royal Institute of Technology and group leader at SciLifeLab Stockholm.
After
sequence read quality and damage filtering (Supplementary Fig. 4), we
called per - individual consensus
sequences for
nucleotide positions covered by a minimum of two independent reads.
In E. coli and other bacteria, when this enzyme reaches a
sequence of
nucleotides called a Chi site, it stops chewing up DNA and starts the repair process.