Sentences with phrase «nucleotides long»

Dicer recognizes double - stranded RNA (dsRNA), latches onto it, and chops it into pieces 21 - 23 nucleotides long.

The PORE sequence is 15 nucleotides long; therefore, the chance of it randomly occurring is approximately 1/1, 000,000,000 (= 415).

The length of the loop is at least 8 nucleotides long; there is no apparent maximum in loop length, even in organisms possessing only a single Dicer gene, contra (6), even though most taxa like vertebrates with single Dicer genes never show loop lengths greater than ~ 40 nucleotides.

Guide RNAs used in CRISPR, on the other hand, are about 100 nucleotides long, and the mRNA encoding Cas9 is an unwieldy beast of 4,500 nucleotides.

The mature miRNA is usually 19 — 27 nucleotides long and is derived from a larger precursor that folds into an imperfect stem - loop structure.

Two years ago, for example, researchers in the United Kingdom reported isolating an RNAP ribozyme capable of stitching together RNAs up to 200 nucleotides long, again when matching them up to a template strand.

Mitochondrial DNA is the more tractable of the two molecules: It's short — only 16,569 nucleotides long — and can be isolated from strands of hair.

First the two researchers narrowed the possible location of the lin - 4 gene to a sequence of DNA 700 nucleotides long, about one - third the size of a typical protein - coding gene.

When Ruvkun's team cloned the let - 7 gene, they realized that the product was again a short snippet of RNA, this one only 21 nucleotides long.

By 1993 they had localized the gene to a stretch of DNA only 70 nucleotides long and established that this little piece of DNA encoded a still smaller piece of RNA, a mere 22 nucleotides long.

The median size gene is about 20,000 nucleotides long, but about 10 % of genes are greater than 100,000 nucleotides in length and some extend for more than one million nucleotides.

Using DNA strands just 58 nucleotides long to uniquely identify each particle allows researchers to skip the cell culture screening altogether — and test a hundred or more different types of nanoparticles simultaneously in just a handful of animals.

Such probes, about 20 nucleotides long, sometimes bind loosely to sequences slightly different from the target sequence.

Szostak's ribozyme could only piece together chains of RNA, each of which was several nucleotides long.

Even if we assume that a trillion trillion trillion trillion unique sequences 180 nucleotides long could function as RNA replicases, the probability of hitting any one of them in a single shot is still only about 1 in 1060.

The closest thing to an RNA replicase produced by directed evolution (mentioned in the article) is about 180 nucleotides long.

The human genome is 3 billion nucleotides long.

In the original technique, each Lego - like brick has a DNA «linker» eight nucleotides long that locks it in place with its neighbors.

Not exact matches

DNA is a long polymer of simple units called nucleotides, which are held together by a backbone made of sugars and phosphate groups.

Cytidines or uridines are added to C5 to generate chain lengths of 10 to 11 nucleotides, with longer products being generated at greatly reduced efficiency.

Then comes the breakthrough: The sample runs through a nanochip that unfurls the tangle of nucleotides into a single long strand.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which contains more than 200 nucleotides, are thought to play a role in autoimmune diseases and cancers by interacting with other RNA, DNA, and proteins.

It starts with a long DNA strand — called a scaffold — that has a precise sequence of the four molecular units, or nucleotides, dubbed A, C, G, and T, with which DNA spells out its genetic code.

Simms built a longer 300 - nucleotide mRNA to use as a probe.

A chromosome is, minimally, a very long, continuous piece of DNA, which contains many genes, regulatory elements and other intervening nucleotide sequences.

Today's high - throughput genome sequencers actually work best on DNA measuring scores to hundreds of nucleotides — the iconic A's, T's, C's, and G'sthat comprise DNA — long.

This genetic code is embodied in long strings of chemical compounds called nucleotides and is copied onto RNA molecules, which then get shipped to ribosomes, biochemical factories where protein molecules are manufactured.

While most enzymes remain active only as long as their activators are bound, Stivers» group found that SAMHD1 remains active for about half a day after its activators have fallen off, enabling the enzyme to get cellular nucleotides to really low levels that make it almost impossible for HIV to infect cells.

It is the genes that are longer than 100,000 nucleotides that are the most affected in Rett Syndrome.

Mature miRNAs are short RNA molecules, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, derived from a multi-step process that begins with longer RNA fragments called primary miRNAs (pri - miRNAs).

«The persistence of activated SAMHD1 long after essential activators have fallen off allows it to continue to break down nucleotides, even after their levels are too low to activate the enzyme,» says Stivers.

Scientists at King's College London have found that people who have previously suffered from acne are likely to have longer telomeres (the protective repeated nucleotides found at the end of chromosomes) in their white blood cells, meaning their cells could be better protected against aging.

Long DNA scaffolds — composed of more than 10,000 DNA structural units called «nucleotides» — have remained difficult to manufacture and manipulate, which has so far limited the size of origami structures.

To study natural selection, the team combed the International Haplotype Map for long stretches of DNA flanked by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, or «snip»)-- that is, an altered base, or «letter,» in the genetic alphabet.

Traditional methods for mapping HIV genetic material use long strings of these nucleotides, called oligomers, to find and bind to complementary strands of DNA or RNA in sample tissues.

They also identified SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms, or alterations to the genetic code created by the addition or deletion of a single nucleotide in a gene's long chain).

Due to their small number of nucleotides, traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection methods must necessarily involve a ligation, or linking, step to produce longer complementary DNA strands.

The basic difference between small and long non-coding RNA is the number of nucleotides — the structural building blocks of RNA.

Bacterial ribosomes stalled on defective messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are rescued by tmRNA, an ∼ 300 - nucleotide - long molecule that functions as both transfer RNA (tRNA) and mRNA.

Two specific long - range interactions clamp the two halves of the domain together: a two - Mg2 + - coordinated adenosine - rich corkscrew plugs into the minor groove of a helix, and a GAAA hairpin loop binds to a conserved 11 - nucleotide internal loop.

Much of this DNA is no longer capable of moving, but is likely «auditioning» perhaps as a regulator of gene function or in homologous recombination, which is a type of genetic recombination where the basic structural units of DNA, nucleotide sequences, are exchanged between two DNA molecules to repair breaks in the DNA strands.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), which contains more than 200 nucleotides, is thought to play a role in autoimmune diseases and cancers by interacting with other RNA, DNA, and proteins.

Cells that took longer to begin DNA replication had time to amass a large pool of free nucleotides.

Each nucleotide on one long side of the ladder must pair with a specific one on the other side.

An assembled genome sequence is really just a long string of DNA nucleotides.

With four different nucleotides comprising our genetic code (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine), the barcodes are long enough to be distinct from other stretches of DNA in the genome, and also allow for the generation of a seemingly limitless number of codes.

For long - range PCR GFP construction, nucleotides 25,162 — 12,329 of C16E9 and inx - 1:: gfp plasmid sequences including nucleotides 13,651 - 9,702 were amplified in separate reactions, digested with Sex AI (nucleotides 12,686 — 12,692), purified, ligated, and amplified to give a final 16.3 - kb PCR product.

Recently, Baccarelli et al250 have shown among 718 elderly participants in the Normative Aging Study that short - term exposures (over 1 to 7 days) to PM2.5 and black carbon are associated with decreased «global» DNA methylation in long interspersed nucleotide elements.

DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides.

Action by victim of repeat violence, sexual violence, or dating violence for protective injunction; dating violence investigations, notice to DNA is a long polymer made from repeating units called nucleotides.