Unlike Indigenous societies in other nations, such as Canada and New Zealand, the presumption of terra
nullius by the colonizer meant that the sources and pretexts of Indigenous law and custom were not sought, which compounds the difficulty of defining the authority of customary law in the contemporary context.
Prior to these decisions the processes of recognition and extinguishment represented a troubling disjuncture in the law of native title with recognition understood as overturning terra
nullius by giving it legal status and so protecting Indigenous rights to land.
Recognition is understood as overturning terra
nullius by giving legal status to, and so protecting Indigenous rights to land.
Not exact matches
With rents ever higher in Chelsea's old garages and the Lower East Side's tenements, nearly a dozen homesteading dealers have moved to a few blocks of terra
nullius hemmed in
by SoHo, TriBeCa and the Civic Center.
De Morgan's version put the Royal Society's back into its original context of Horace's first Epistle (lines 13 — 15): «Ac ne forte roges que me duce, quo lare tuter, /
nullius addictus iurare in verba magistri, / quo me cumque rapit tempestas, deferor hospes» (And lest
by chance you ask
by which leader,
by which household god I am sheltered, I, bound to swear according to the dictates [lit: «into the words»] of no master, am carried off as a guest, whithersoever the storm takes me).
Thus, in Mabo, the influence of terra
nullius on the common law's denial of Indigenous rights to land is replaced
by the influence of international human rights standards on the recognition of Indigenous rights to land.
It was only
by fastening on the notion that a settled colony was terra
nullius that it was possible to predicate of the Crown the acquisition of ownership of land in a colony already occupied
by indigenous inhabitants.
The High Court has stated that the overturning of the terra
nullius doctrine in the Mabo decision was based upon and made necessary
by a new understanding of historical «fact».
The fiction [terra
nullius]
by which the rights and interests of indigenous inhabitants in land were treated as non-existent was justified
by a policy which has no place in the contemporary law of this country.
The review team will need to avoid the typical terra
nullius myth promoted
by many Canberra initiators of large new national campaigns.
While «terra
nullius» and «native title» remain for many people obscure terms for lawyers and politicians to quibble over, it requires no special insight to appreciate the anguish caused
by the enforced break - up of families.
Australia's settlers practices and believed in the purest form of terra
nullius with the consequence that their heirs, now moved
by a less racist and more liberal outlook, have the furthest to go, the widest chasm to bridge, in finding a consensual way of sharing citizenship and country with the first peoples of their land.
There are many reasons why the notion of terra
nullius no longer holds legitimacy as a basis for the establishment of a colony already inhabited
by Indigenous people.
The overturning of terra
nullius and the consequent absence of any legitimate basis for the establishment of non-Indigenous sovereignty over previously occupied territory can be addressed
by ensuring that the establishment of a new relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people is based on human rights principles.
The promise of native title was that terra
nullius would be replaced, not
by another value judgment
by the non-Indigenous legal system about what Aboriginal society was thought to be, but rather
by the laws acknowledged and the customs observed
by the Indigenous people reclaiming their land.
The review of terra
nullius was not directed towards the fact of sovereignty, but only to the means
by which sovereignty was acquired.
By recalling times when exploration was conducted through a «terra
nullius» management system, these comparisons are encouraging an approach as dismissive of Indigenous rights as it was then.
The second report that critically appraises terra
nullius as a discriminatory instrument of colonization is the final working paper prepared
by the Special Rapporteur, Erica - Irene A. Daes entitled, Indigenous peoples and their relationship to land.
Finally the Court was influenced
by the decision of the International Court of Justice in its Advisory Opinion of Western Sahara (1975) ICJR that rejected terra
nullius as the basis for Spanish sovereignty in Western Sahara.
The NSW Government's actions in enacting the Aboriginal land rights legislation long before the legal fiction of terra
nullius was overturned
by the High Court in 1992, was a remarkable and significant step at the time.
Although the Mabo decision (50) was influenced
by contemporary international human rights instruments and standards, especially in respect of the norm of non-discrimination, (51) and
by the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice in respect of the doctrine of terra
nullius, (52) it is the interweaving of international law and United States law (especially the Marshall US Supreme Court decisions in respect of Indigenous rights) that is more deeply embedded in the Mabo decision.
The establishment of the Council was followed in 1992
by the High Court's decision in Mabo [6], which rejected the assertion that Australia was terra
nullius (or land belonging to no - one), and found that the common law of Australia recognises rights of Indigenous people to land [7] flowing from their continued occupation and usage.
Successive Australian governments,
by failing to nullify the racially discriminatory operation of terra
nullius, have been in breach of their international obligations since becoming a signatory to ICERD in 1975.
They fought hard for our land rights; to overturn the doctrine of terra
nullius; and to have our traditional laws and customs formally acknowledged
by a legal system that is not designed to provide for the rights and interests of the original owners of this land.
This was followed in 1992
by the High Court's decision in Mabo, which rejected the idea that Australia was terra
nullius («land belonging to no one») at the time of European settlement.