Sentences with phrase «number of cell types»

By definition, these are undifferentiated cells that can be induced to become any of a number of cell types.

Unlike embryonic stem cells from earlier in development, fetal stem cells from umbilical cord blood are multipotent - they can develop into a limited number of cell types.

Regardless of the source, adult stem cells are multipotent - they can develop into a limited number of cell types.

Pluripotency distinguishes embryonic stem cells from adult stem cells found in adults; while embryonic stem cells can generate all cell types in the body, adult stem cells are multipotent and can produce only a limited number of cell types.

For us to be healthy, these choices need to ensure we get the right number of each cell type.

Not exact matches

When we leave, depending on the type of travel, each of the children has some form of identification with a name and our cell phone number.

But there were so many words to learn — types of amoeba, ways they reproduced, descriptions of the number of cells.

Breastfeeding is contraindicated in infants with classic galactosemia (galactose 1 - phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency) 103; mothers who have active untreated tuberculosis disease or are human T - cell lymphotropic virus type I — or II — positive104, 105; mothers who are receiving diagnostic or therapeutic radioactive isotopes or have had exposure to radioactive materials (for as long as there is radioactivity in the milk) 106 — 108; mothers who are receiving antimetabolites or chemotherapeutic agents or a small number of other medications until they clear the milk109, 110; mothers who are using drugs of abuse («street drugs»); and mothers who have herpes simplex lesions on a breast (infant may feed from other breast if clear of lesions).

The article described how a team of researchers, surgeons and radiologists had successfully carried out a number of islet cell transplantations in people with Type 1 diabetes, in Edmonton, Canada..

Because they can differentiate into almost any cell type in the body, stem cells have the potential to be used to create healthy cells to treat a number of diseases.

Today in Cell and associated journals, 24 research studies from the landmark BLUEPRINT project and IHEC consortia reveal how variation in blood cells» characteristics and numbers can affect a person's risk of developing complex diseases such as heart disease, and autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes.

(Previously, scientists had used CRISPR / Cas9 to repair mutations that affect smaller numbers of people with Duchenne, and in cell types that weren't necessarily clinically relevant.)

Giving the mice antibiotics helped gemcitabine kill tumor cells, increasing the number of tumor cells going through a type of cell death called apoptosis from about 15 percent to 60 percent or more.

In the latest study, the researchers hypothesize that the downregulation of these three genes reprograms the cells so that they return to an embryonic - like state, in which they have the potential to give rise to a number of different cell types.

The Duke researchers who made this discovery say it may help explain how a relatively small number of genes can create the dazzling array of different cell types found in human brains and the nervous systems in other animals.

Whether investigating fat cells, immunotherapy or use of the CRISPR - Cas 9 gene - editing tool, which a federal panel recently approved for a select number of patients suffering from three types of cancers, including multiple myeloma, approaches beyond attacking cancer cells are needed in the fight against many cancers.

Antibodies derived from a type of immune cell found in unusually high numbers in HIV - infected individuals with chronically uncontrolled virus levels are less effective at neutralizing HIV than antibodies derived from a different type of immune cell more common in people without HIV, scientists report.

Both types have been linked to reductions in the number of insulin - producing beta cells.

Associate Professor Rika Numano explained, «The W / O droplet electroporation technique has several advantages over conventional transfection techniques: small cell number required, as low as 1000 cells; small amount of DNA required, which makes it applicable for various cell types including neural cells; and changeable genome DNA.

Looking further into the intestinal crypts of both the transgenic and wild - type mice, the research team made what they consider a surprising finding: Not only was HMGA1 causing the stem cells themselves to self - renew or proliferate more rapidly in the transgenic animals, but it was also increasing the number of Paneth cells, a type of niche cell known to support intestinal stem cells.

An APC - mimetic scaffold that was engineered to activate a specific type of CAR - T cell was able to generate higher numbers of the modified T cells over longer periods of culture than analogously designed expansion beads, and the resulting cells were similarly effective in killing the lymphoma cells in the mice.

With the acquisition of a number of key genes and lipids from a bacterial symbiont, it would be possible for Loki - type cells to evolve a primitive membrane trafficking machinery and compartmentalization.»

On the flipside, targeting this growth factor or BCL - 2 could reduce NK cell numbers and offer potential therapies for immune disorders such as some types of autoimmune diseases, sepsis or graft versus host disease, a side effect of bone marrow transplants.

To create different cell types in the lab, stem cells must be coaxed down the road of determination — the branching paths that fetal cells normally travel to become neurons, skin cells, muscle cells, or any number of other cell types.

They found that the number of copies of lncRNA genes on a chromosome consistently change in 12 different cancer types and lncRNA genes are widely expressed in cancer cells.

They found that, while the grafts of undifferentiated iPS cells harbored large numbers of T cells of only a few specificities — indicating a robust immune response — those found in grafts of the two types of endothelial cells were more diverse, suggesting a more limited response associated with a phenomenon known as self - tolerance.

Dr Yu said this type of killer T cell was naturally found in the body during infection, but their numbers and killing function needed to be boosted to allow them to eradicate chronic infections.

In addition, they also counted the numbers of various types of single - celled organisms called testate amoebae, whose population changes depending on the amount of water in the bog, giving an indication of how wet or dry the climate was during different periods.

At a minimum, the result is an incredibly complex web of cellular signals that are constantly working together (or in opposition, as the case may be) to adjust the number and type of proteins expressed in a cell and so, ultimately, the health of the cell itself.

The 1 - 3 millimeter granuloma also contains fibrous and necrotic tissue as well as a number of other types of immune cells, making it an extremely complex structure.

He then describes a hypothesis that vaccines reduce allergies by boosting type 1 helper T - cells, reducing the number of type 2, which are geared to fight parasitic worms in the gut and are associated with allergies.

Failure has often struck at the stage of meiosis, a type of cell division during which paired chromosomes swap DNA and the number of chromosomes per cell is halved.

Cell lines are therefore indispensable in medical research and a large number of cell lines exist that originate from many different tumor tyCell lines are therefore indispensable in medical research and a large number of cell lines exist that originate from many different tumor tycell lines exist that originate from many different tumor types.

The number of receptors for the neurotransmitter in the brain amounts to 14, occurring in different cell types.

Aneuploidy is a condition in which cells contain an abnormal number of chromosomes, and is known to be the cause of many types of cancer and genetic disorders, including Down Syndrome.

While it is present on a number of different types of cells in the body, it is expressed at higher levels on metastatic tumour cells, including those which have spread from the lung.

Looking for immune abnormalities throughout the lifespan of the mice, the group found that most immune system components stayed the same in number, but a type of brain - resident immune cells called microglia that are known first responders to infection begin to divide and change early in the disease.

In the newly published study, Mount Sinai researchers from The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute and the Jaffe Food Allergy Institute report that by counting the numbers of one type of immune cell activated by exposure to a food, a simple, safe blood test can accurately predict the severity of each person's allergic reaction to it.

«Our group pioneered the development of cell culture technology for harvesting large numbers of stem cells from human bone marrow and human umbilical cord blood,» Dr. Yeh said, noting that stem cells from these two sources are abundant and can be guided into different types of cells using tissue engineering.

Recent studies highlighted significant differences between these two types of stem cells, although only a limited number of cell lines of different origins were analyzed.

The researcher likens this step to a game of roulette, where the different types of cells can be thought of as the differently numbered slots in the roulette wheel that catch the ball.

To address these limitations, Zimmer and senior study author Lorenz Studer of the Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research developed a simple, efficient, and robust stem cell - based strategy for reliably producing a large number of diverse, functional pituitary cell types suitable for therapeutic use.

A number of different cell types release these little sacs of proteins and genetic material into the body's fluids.

Although unequal division occurs among stem cells — allowing one daughter cell to remain a stem cell while the other matures into another cell type, such as a skin or muscle cell — the goal of a normal symmetric cell division is to generate identical daughter cells and increase cell number.

Professor Robert Sinclair illustrates one of his examples of a biological system (the fruit fly eye) which exhibits tendencies towards both deterministic and stochastic development, where the number of cells is uniform, but the way in which they determine which type of light they are sensitive to appears to be random.

Previous brain autopsies have shown that patients with TSC, as well as patients with ASD, have reduced numbers of Purkinje cells, the main type of neuron that communicates out of the cerebellum.

The finding was particularly striking because clinical studies have found that the number of these cells in the blood is higher in people with type 1 diabetes.

With this method, they were able to take measurements from a very large number of individual synapses (more than 13,000), and from all types of bipolar cells.

Compared with normal chow diet - fed mice, the high - fat diet mice showed worsened blood sugar, increased triglycerides, a type of fat (lipid) in the blood, and a substantial increase in the numbers of CD8 + T cells in the liver.

International and regional organizations collect the numbers of transplants annually by disease, donor type, and stem cell source from countries known to perform HSCT in World Health Organization (WHO) member states.