In 2008, Ernst and Young ranked Denmark first out of 15 European countries in pipeline growth, with a 23 percent increase from 2006 to 2007 in
the number of drug candidates in development.
That makes it relatively simple to gauge the effectiveness of large
numbers of drug candidates in treating a condition caused by a particular mutation.
Not exact matches
Topics included: early reporting on inaccuracies in the articles
of The New York Times's Judith Miller that built support for the invasion
of Iraq; the media campaign to destroy UN chief Kofi Annan and undermine confidence in multilateral solutions; revelations by George Bush's biographer that as far back as 1999 then - presidential
candidate Bush already spoke
of wanting to invade Iraq; the real reason Bush was grounded during his National Guard days — as recounted by the widow
of the pilot who replaced him; an article published throughout the world that highlighted the West's lack
of resolve to seriously pursue the genocidal fugitive Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic, responsible for the largest
number of European civilian deaths since World War II; several investigations
of allegations by former members concerning the practices
of Scientology; corruption in the leadership
of the nation's largest police union; a well - connected humanitarian relief organization operating as a cover for unauthorized US covert intervention abroad; detailed evidence that a powerful congressional critic
of Bill Clinton and Al Gore for financial irregularities and personal improprieties had his own track record
of far more serious transgressions; a look at the practices and values
of top Democratic operative and the clients they represent when out
of power in Washington; the murky international interests that fueled both George W. Bush's and Hillary Clinton's presidential campaigns; the efficacy
of various proposed solutions to the failed war on
drugs; the poor - quality televised news program for teens (with lots
of advertising) that has quietly seeped into many
of America's public schools; an early exploration
of deceptive practices by the credit card industry; a study
of ecosystem destruction in Irian Jaya, one
of the world's last substantial rain forests.
These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount
of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability
of funding for state AIDS
Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the S
Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction
of generic versions
of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect
of lowering prices or reducing the
number of insured patients; the possibility
of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels
of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits
of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new
drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the S
drug applications for new product
candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages
of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development
of Gilead's product
candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate
of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).
In the painstaking work
of synthesizing vast
numbers of compounds and identifying those that are the best
candidate drugs, researchers have cultivated a capable new lab assistant: DNA.
The system can yield dose - response curves for
candidate drugs, screen the phenotypes
of large
numbers of gene mutations, or execute complex custom protocols for completely new experiments.
CADD, or «rational
drug discovery,» helps make it possible to select a more manageable
number of candidates that can then be tested experimentally.
To narrow down the
number of chemical compounds that could be potential
drug candidates, scientists utilize computer models that can predict how a particular chemical compound might interact with a biological target
of interest — for example, a key protein that might be involved with a disease process.
The application
of Dr. Snyder's techniques has enhanced the development
of new agents in the pharmaceutical industry by enabling rapid screening
of large
numbers of candidate drugs.
As potential lead
drug candidates, we generated a large
number of derivatives
of the curry spice curcumin, which is effective in AD transgenic mice [8, 9].
In this role, we serve as the incubator
of a
number of science and technology startups, including our spinoff, Novo Biosciences, whose goal is to commercialize the regenerative medicine
drug candidates we have discovered.
Dr. King points out that a
number of oral
drug candidates inhibit PKC - delta and that it may be possible to suppress PKC - delta production with microRNAs (small RNA molecules that help to regulate protein generation).
Excitingly, because stem cells can produce such large
numbers of neurons, we can even test for and identify new
drug candidates using patient specific neurons.