Sentences with phrase «number of human diseases»

«The chronic exposure to high levels of ROS is associated with the development and / or progression of pathophysiological processes, and implicated in an increasing number of human diseases, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory and neurogenerative diseases, cancer as well as muscle atrophy and the ageing process.»

Significantly, a wide number of studies have revealed that disruption or mutation of the protein machinery responsible for chromatin regulation underlies a number of human diseases, most notably cancer.

The effect of the LGR4 mutation on many other conditions was further investigated taking advantage of a large number of human diseases and other traits that are available at deCODE.

Given their utmost necessity for proper cellular function, it is not surprising that defects in lipid metabolism underlie a number of human diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis.

By revealing how microtubule growth is catalysed, the WMS team expect their work to throw new light on the workings of a number of human diseases (for example, bowel cancer) linked to abnormalities in TOG - TACC function.

aegypti mosquito, which is the primary global vector of a number of human diseases, including dengue fever, yellow fever, and Zika fever.

Not exact matches

Andrew Batholomaeus, a consultant toxicologist at Australia's University of Canberra and the University of Queensland, states that «the potential human health consequences of discouraging the use of pyriproxyfen in drinking water storage and other mosquito - reduction programs is catastrophic with potential deaths and serious disease from otherwise avoidable malaria, dengue and other mosquito - borne diseases numbered in at least the hundreds of thousands.»

Such standards help eliminate product contamination by any number of microorganisms known to cause dangerous infection and disease in humans.

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, smoking is the number one cause of heart disease in women under 50.

Epidemiologic research shows that human milk and breastfeeding of infants provide advantages with regard to general health, growth, and development, while significantly decreasing risk for a large number of acute and chronic diseases.

Research in the United States, Canada, Europe, and other developed countries, among predominantly middle - class populations, provides strong evidence that human milk feeding decreases the incidence and / or severity of diarrhea,1 - 5 lower respiratory infection,6 - 9 otitis media,3,10 - 14bacteremia, 15,16 bacterial meningitis, 15,17 botulism, 18 urinary tract infection, 19 and necrotizing enterocolitis.20, 21 There are a number of studies that show a possible protective effect of human milk feeding against sudden infant death syndrome,22 - 24insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus,25 - 27 Crohn's disease, 28,29 ulcerative colitis, 29 lymphoma, 30,31 allergic diseases,32 - 34 and other chronic digestive diseases.35 - 37 Breastfeeding has also been related to possible enhancement of cognitive development.38, 39

Risks for the baby include exposure to infectious diseases, including HIV, to chemical contaminants, such as some illegal drugs, and to a limited number of prescription drugs that might be in the human milk, if the donor has not been adequately screened.

Breastfeeding is contraindicated in infants with classic galactosemia (galactose 1 - phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency) 103; mothers who have active untreated tuberculosis disease or are human T - cell lymphotropic virus type I — or II — positive104, 105; mothers who are receiving diagnostic or therapeutic radioactive isotopes or have had exposure to radioactive materials (for as long as there is radioactivity in the milk) 106 — 108; mothers who are receiving antimetabolites or chemotherapeutic agents or a small number of other medications until they clear the milk109, 110; mothers who are using drugs of abuse («street drugs»); and mothers who have herpes simplex lesions on a breast (infant may feed from other breast if clear of lesions).

But in March, Lichun Tang of China's Beijing Proteome Research Center and colleagues reported using CRISPR / Cas9 to correct disease - causing mutations in a small number of viable human embryos.

Precisely as we humans, every dog is likely to carry genetic predisposition for some inherited disorder, so we expect these numbers to grow as the numbers of tested disease variants, breeds, and dogs further increase, confirms Dr. Donner.

From accelerating the identification and validation of novel therapeutic targets, to creating better animal models of human diseases in a shorter time frame, to reducing the number of failed products, Crispr looks set to shave millions off R&D costs and boost drug discovery, she says.

Mardinoglu says the team's network modeling approach, which relied on data from the Sweden - based Human Protein Atlas project and The Genotype - Tissue Expression (GTEx) project consortia, can be used in the identification of drug targets and eventually in the development of efficient strategies for treating a number of chronic liver diseases.

«If we can improve our ability to read and understand the human genome, we will also be able to make better use of the rapidly accumulating genomic information on a large number of diseases for medical benefits.»

But if homologous recombination could be worked out in human (embryonic) stem cells, then cardiomyocytes with mutations in ion channels could be derived, as well as a large number of other very useful disease models of other tissues.

Excessive numbers of glutamine - rich repeats in various human proteins are known to result in severe neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's disease.

A number of theories have been developed over the years to explain more recent extinctions such as those at the end of the last ice age, including human hunting, climate change, disease, and even a cosmic impact such as an asteroid or comet.

«Hopefully this means that we are one step closer to therapies and treatments for a number of debilitating human diseases.»

«In this study, we were able to observe the existence of microscopic disease and low numbers of bacteria, which would be difficult to «see» in humans but could possibly be the cause of the variable and nonspecific symptoms that are characteristic of post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.

Chiu pointed to a number of serious and unexpected animal - to - human disease transmissions over the last 10 years, including SARS in 2003, the H1N1 influenza in 2009, and the current outbreak of H7N9 avian influenza, which already has resulted in more than 20 deaths in China.

It also contains some of the most variable human genes: hundreds of versions — or alleles — exist of each gene in the population, allowing our bodies to react to a huge number of disease - causing agents and adapt to new ones.

It is no surprise, then, that having faulty protein kinases may lead to a number of human conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes.

«The number of rats is influenced by the economic status of their human neighborhoods, and rat abundance may influence the transmission of diseases back to humans.»

Munera, study first author, pointed to a number of new ways that human colon organoids could be used study disease.

Although of course there are a number of caveats since mice can be cured from cancer at higher rates, they don't suffer from some of our diseases, they are sensitive to being handled (if grabbing them can shorten their lifespan through stress, the mouse version of standard human medical care may do the same), so I guess that increases in maximum lifespan are indeed the only reliable indicator that an intervention is impacting age - related mortality.

Not so long ago, human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research and SCNT were being hailed as the future of regenerative medicine, capable of generating cures and therapies for any number of diseases and conditions.

A very large number of changes have been discovered in HD model mice and then subsequently observed in human HD patients, suggesting the mice are useful research tools, even if they don't really have Huntington's disease.

The massive number of cells within the OSVZ of humans «tells us we have to be careful when modeling human brain diseases in mice,» says Kriegstein.

Stem cell researchers from UCLA used a high resolution technique to examine the genome, or total DNA content, of a pair of human embryonic stem cell lines and found that while both lines could form neurons, the lines had differences in the numbers of certain genes that could control such things as individual traits and disease susceptibility.

This study lays out a list of parts responsible for the key processes and opens new doors to design prevention strategies to reduce the number of deaths and illnesses associated with human African trypanosomiasis and other diseases spread by the tsetse fly.

The revolution in human genetics has revealed a large number of genes and pathways associated with these diseases, and emerging methodologies are starting to systematically analyze the cellular and molecular circuitry underlying disease.

«Basically, this study shows that the genetic makeup of individual human embryonic stem cell lines is unique in the numbers of copies of certain genes that may control traits and things like disease susceptibility,» said Teitell, who also is an associate professor of pathology and laboratory medicine and a researcher at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center.

This study of human genetic variation and its relationship to health and disease involves a large number of study participants and will capture not only common single nucleotide variations but also rare copy number and structural variants that are increasingly thought to play an important role in complex disease.

For example, high numbers of disease - causing viruses and a bacterial species called Escherichia coli can occur in coastal waters influenced by human wastes (e.g., sewage).

There are a number of challenges inherent in the development of astrocyte - based treatments for human disease.

Although the mouse remains the most cost - effective choice for comprehensive phenotyping, the rat remains a better model for a number of human conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and behavioral disorders.

In a substudy, review outcomes were also compared across different types of clinical research, based in large part on the designations and definitions derived from a number of sources, including a report by Nathan, 14 the Institute of Medicine, 20 the NIH Director's Panel on Clinical Research, 9 the Association of American Medical Colleges and American Medical Association, 21 and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.22 All 3599 R01 applications involving human subjects that were submitted to NIH for the October 2002 council were categorized into 1 of the following: (1) patient - oriented studies of mechanisms of human disease (bench to bedside); (2) clinical trials and other clinical interventions; (3) patient - oriented research focusing on development of new technologies; (4) epidemiological studies; (5) behavioral studies (including studies of normal human behavior); (6) health services research; and (7) use of deidentified human tissue.

Non-physiological alterations in chromosome number are well - established contributors to human disorders: they are responsible of a high percentage of miscarriages and a panel of diseases including Down syndrome, developmental disorders and cancer.

Cell size and cell number regulation are crucial elements of both organ size determination and control of human diseases such as cancer and diabetes [26].

If the same technique works in humans, it could have big implications for curing a number of diseases caused by genetic variants.

Because the immune system lies at the heart of virtually every aspect of human health, we believe that scientific investigations of the immune system offer unparalleled opportunities to mitigate a staggering number of diseases.

He is best known for his discovery that copy - number variation — a state in which cells have an abnormal number of DNA sections, sometimes associated with susceptibility or resistance to disease — is widespread and significant in the human genome.

The antiviral restriction factor IFN - induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) inhibits cell entry of a number of viruses, and genetic diversity within IFITM3 determines susceptibility to viral disease in humans.

This program has resulted in the discovery of unique variants in environmentally responsive genes, the development of a number of resources, and capacity building in the environmental epidemiology communities in order to incorporate gene - environment hypotheses and tools into human population - based studies on a number of environmentally relevant diseases.

«In our modern world where people are regularly taking antibiotics and other pharmaceutical drugs, where food is laced with chemicals alien to the human physiology, an increasing number of people have damaged, abnormal gut flora dominated by pathogenic [disease - causing] microbes.

Nowadays the colon is so clogged by the effects of indiscriminate eating habits that it barely resembles the colons seen in anatomy books, and functions so inefficiently that it's no wonder most humans suffer from an ever growing number of ailments and diseases from hair loss to cancer.