Sentences with phrase «number of modeling studies»

A large number of modeling studies have been carried out to characterize the spatial variability in aerosol forcing due to direct, indirect, and semidirect effects (IPCC, 2001).

A number of modelling studies have also projected a general tendency for more intense but fewer storms outside the tropics, with a tendency towards more extreme wind events and higher ocean waves in several regions in association with those deepened cyclones.

Not exact matches

Such models can recreate the complex layers of tissue in the human body to study a practically infinite number of grievous wounds from all angles, speeds, and styles of bullets (or even shrapnel from mines and improvised explosive devices).

We study a prototypical model of a Parliament with two Parties or two Political Coalitions and we show how the introduction of a variable percentage of randomly selected independent legislators can increase the global efficiency of a Legislature, in terms of both number of laws passed and average social welfare obtained.

An interesting study of christological models has been written by John McIntyre.4 The «two - natures model» (which he takes as a single complex model involving both divine and human natures) has dominated Christian thought, but it has a number of limitations; it is tied to the Aristotelian categories of substance and attribute, and it tends to view the incarnation as the assumption of an abstract human nature rather than the personal individuality of a particular man.

In two separate peer - reviewed research studies, which were published in the medical journals Neurosurgery and Journal of Neurosurgery, respectively, the researchers found an 83 percent reduction in the number of torn fibers in a standard concussion model when the band was utilized.

Diverging from other computer models, a new study suggests that efforts to clean the air in Asia may boost the number of tropical cyclones worldwide

However, a number of studies have indicated that climate models underestimate the loss of Arctic sea ice, which is why the models might not be the most suitable tools to quantify the future evolution of the ice cover.

Professor Jha said: «This is a significant step for the 3Rs approach and our model can reduce the total number of fish required, potentially replace the in vivo studies and offer the refinement that live fish are not exposed to potentially toxic chemicals.

This means that the model can also be used in further studies of a driven particle in a granular fluid, which is relevant to a number of industries, ranging from construction to pharmaceuticals.

Using a model of endangered Atlantic salmon in Maine's Penobscot River as a case study, NOAA researchers found that abundance, distribution and number of fish increased upstream when dams in the primary downstream segments of the river, also called «mainstem dams,» were removed or fish passage survival was increased.

But whereas children recreating these vicious displays simply ram plastic models of the animals together in a straight line, a study now suggests that pachycephalosaurs may have bashed one another in a number of different ways.

The researchers were studying a well - established mouse model that forms a significant number of CCMs following the injection of a drug to induce gene deletion.

They then developed a mathematical model to help them study the dynamics of the media coverage: news items, coverage duration and the response of media to the number of cases.

«A number of other researchers have proposed more realistic (and more complex) models, and corresponding study of these models is an important area for future work.

In several other studies, including a number that examined flooding in the Clear Creek watershed, Blessing, Brody, Sebastian and SSPEED colleagues have shown that other approaches, like distributed hydrologic modeling and probabilistic flood plain mapping, can be far more predictive of flood damages and flood risk.

Noting that the timing of KD outbreaks in Japan coincides with certain wind patterns from Asia, climate scientist Xavier Rodó, PhD, and colleagues at the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies and the Catalan Institute of Climate Sciences, both in Barcelona, used computer models to simulate air currents and airborne particle transport for all days since 1977 with high numbers of KD cases in Japan, based on data compiled by Yoshikazu Nakamura, MD, and colleagues at Jichi Medical University in Japan.

In contrast to previous studies of Proteaceae in Australia and South Africa, the best - fit model for predicting the number of cluster roots in this study did not contain any soil P factor; foliar P levels correlated with cluster root formation.

The study revealed that in the model system chosen by Opitz and colleagues the winning side becomes apparent at a very early stage in the growth of the population, when the numbers of cells are still relatively small.

To determine the length of time it likely took for the study patients» cancers to form, the scientists used multiple statistical models that took into account the patient's age when they were diagnosed and the total number of mutations in each patient's cancer.

C.elegans has been used for decades as a model animal to study the genetic and molecular underpinnings of neurological disorders through a number of techniques including bio imaging, electrophysiology and behavior.

The concept of magic numbers is derived from the shell model of the atom nucleus, explains Bertram Blank of the Center for Nuclear Studies in Bordeaux, the spokesperson of the international collaboration.

Adequate assessment of bird numbers required knowledge of their vocalizations, repeated visits to study areas early in the morning when birds were most active, and lots of statistical modeling.

The report itself did not recommend imposing any ceiling on graduate training, however, and report co-chair Sally Rockey, NIH deputy director for extramural research, said yesterday that «we did not say we should reduce the numbers» of scientists being trained because that would require a modeling study.

Now, a study in the journal Brain describes what could be considered a direct «aquarium - to - bedside» approach, taking a drug discovered in a genetic zebrafish model of epilepsy and testing it, with promising results, in a small number of children with the disease.

Oskar Ström, RPh, PhDc, co-author of the study said: «Our model, based on Swedish costs and fracture risk data, shows that the widespread implementation of FLS has the potential to prevent a large number of fractures in Swedish patients with only a moderate cost per quality - adjusted life - year.»

There are some caveats with their study: The global climate models (GCMs) do not reproduce the 1930 - 1940 Arctic warm event very well, and the geographical differences in a limited number of grid - boxes in the observations and the GCMs may have been erased through taking the average value over the 90 - degree sectors.

A study of a Lake Erie wetland suggests that scientists have vastly underestimated the number of places methane - producing microbes can survive — and, as a result, today's global climate models may be misjudging the amount of methane being released into the atmosphere.

In a previous study, Lonard and co-senior study author Bert O'Malley of Baylor College of Medicine screened a large number of compounds to identify SRC - inhibiting molecules that kill a wide variety of cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth in animal models.

In addition, the significant number (> 1000) novel models that came from RNA - Seq that were absent from the zebrafish cDNAs suggests that the deep sequencing offered by RNA - Seq can be used to expand the gene annotation of even well - studied model organisms.

A number of studies have established the anticancer activities of niclosamide in both in vitro and in vivo models (Table 1).

The processes determining MOC response to increasing greenhouse gases have been studied in a number of models.

Vescor, advised by its scientific founders White and Kimmelman, whose research has shown inhibition of autophagy can dramatically impact tumor growth in pre-clinical models, will develop small molecule inhibitors of a number of protein targets at critical nodes of the autophagy cascade, perform investigational new drug (IND) enabling studies, and move these into clinical development.

Finally, a number of other studies of vaccines in animal model systems have been reported but presence or absence of immunopathology after challenge was not reported.

The current study evaluates how CAG repeat number affects both the age of onset and the progression of disease in the R6 / 2 mouse model of Huntington's disease (Mangiarini et al., 1996) by concurrently evaluating R6 / 2 mice with either 110 or 240 CAG repeats in an F1 hybrid background (C57Bl / 6 x CBA / CaJ).

Longitudinal mixed models were also used to estimate the effect of vaccine dose on mean log - transformed antibody levels over time, using a spatial exponential covariance structure to model the correlation between measurements from the same individual while taking into account the number of study days between measurements.

Agonist reagents that stimulate OX40 also have great potential therapeutically for vaccination, as shown by a number of studies in tumor models or of responses to viruses where the immune response can be boosted dramatically to aid protection.

A number of recent studies linking changes in the North Atlantic ocean circulation to sea ice extent led Yeager to think that it would also be possible to make decadal predictions for Arctic winter sea ice cover using the NCAR - based Community Earth System Model...

«The parallel development that occurred on a number of different island clusters makes anole lizards an excellent model for studying evolution and adaptation,» says Kerstin Lindblad - Toh.

The karyotype of Drosophila comprises only four copies of chromosomes, rendering it a very amenable model to study chromosome number defects.

«This review describes a number of studies which provide some hints that sulfur amino acid restriction might achieve some of the benefits observed in animal models, including cancer inhibition and reducing risks for cardiovascular disease.»

They have employed their cluster model approach on a number of studies from biological functions to atmospheric chemistry.

They simulated three possible models which had seemed plausible prior to large - scale sequencing, and computed the number of associated low - frequency and rare variants that would be uncovered with their study design.

A study led by Stefan Rahmstorf concluded «many vastly improved models have been developed by a number of climate research centers around the world.

A group of researchers publishing in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine have used a modelling study to estimate the risk of Zika infection to those traveling to the Olympics in Brazil and suggest the number of infected travelers returning to all countries to be between 3 and 37.

This section invites manuscripts describing (a) Linkage, association, substitution or positional mapping and epigenetic studies in any species; (b) Validation studies of candidate genes using genetically - engineered mutant model organisms; (c) Studies focused on epistatis and gene - environment interactions; (d) Analysis of the functional implications of genomic sequence variation and aim to attach physiological or pharmacogenomic relevance to alterations in genes or proteins; (e) Studies of DNA copy number variants, non-coding RNA, genome deletions, insertions, duplications and other single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevance to physiology or pharmacology in humans or model organisms, in vitro or in vivo; and (f) Theoretical approaches to analysis of sequence varstudies in any species; (b) Validation studies of candidate genes using genetically - engineered mutant model organisms; (c) Studies focused on epistatis and gene - environment interactions; (d) Analysis of the functional implications of genomic sequence variation and aim to attach physiological or pharmacogenomic relevance to alterations in genes or proteins; (e) Studies of DNA copy number variants, non-coding RNA, genome deletions, insertions, duplications and other single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevance to physiology or pharmacology in humans or model organisms, in vitro or in vivo; and (f) Theoretical approaches to analysis of sequence varstudies of candidate genes using genetically - engineered mutant model organisms; (c) Studies focused on epistatis and gene - environment interactions; (d) Analysis of the functional implications of genomic sequence variation and aim to attach physiological or pharmacogenomic relevance to alterations in genes or proteins; (e) Studies of DNA copy number variants, non-coding RNA, genome deletions, insertions, duplications and other single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevance to physiology or pharmacology in humans or model organisms, in vitro or in vivo; and (f) Theoretical approaches to analysis of sequence varStudies focused on epistatis and gene - environment interactions; (d) Analysis of the functional implications of genomic sequence variation and aim to attach physiological or pharmacogenomic relevance to alterations in genes or proteins; (e) Studies of DNA copy number variants, non-coding RNA, genome deletions, insertions, duplications and other single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevance to physiology or pharmacology in humans or model organisms, in vitro or in vivo; and (f) Theoretical approaches to analysis of sequence varStudies of DNA copy number variants, non-coding RNA, genome deletions, insertions, duplications and other single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevance to physiology or pharmacology in humans or model organisms, in vitro or in vivo; and (f) Theoretical approaches to analysis of sequence variation.

For consumption, we used the midpoint of the reported number of cigarettes per day — for example, three cigarettes per day if the category was one to five cigarettes per day — which we then adjusted for carboxyhaemoglobin and cotinine because this allows for lower inhalation with increasing cigarette consumption as previously established.14 For studies that reported relative risks adjusted for age (or for additional factors), the model contained the logarithm of the relative risk (dependent variable) and consumption (independent variable) using only the midpoint of the cigarettes per day categories.

In fact, as another recent modeling study demonstrated, planets in tight orbits around red dwarf stars might be getting lashed by an insane number of high - energy solar flares, stripping their atmospheres faster than they can be replenished.

A slowly increasing number of experimental, field and modeling studies has suggested that plant leaves can also directly take up gaseous elemental mercury from the atmosphere.

We present a study of the planetary systems WASP - 45 and WASP - 46, both composed of a main - sequence star and a close - in ho... ▽ More Accurate measurements of the physical characteristics of a large number of exoplanets are useful to strongly constrain theoretical models of planet formation and evolution, which lead to the large variety of exoplanets and planetary - system configurations that have been observed.