Sentences with phrase «number of molecules of»

The transmittance doesn't just depend on the number of molecules of greenhouse gases, it depends on the temperature and pressure at each layer.

For the number of molecules of a two - component gas two continuity equations are independent.

A slightly morbid experiment often given to science students is to estimate the number of molecules of air in our lungs might have also been exhaled by some historical figure during their final breath.

In other words the heat flows from the air to the surface at a rate determined by the number of molecules of greenhouse gas and their emission rate.

Concentration units are parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb), indicating the number of molecules of the greenhouse gas per million or billion molecules of air.

In other words the heat flows from the air to the surface at a rate determined by the number of molecules of greenhouse gas and their emission rate.

Carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere are measured in parts per million, the number of molecules of carbon dioxide there are in every million molecules of air.

Not exact matches

His analysis of the idea of molecular structure from «first principles» shows that if one starts from a description of the molecule as an isolated, dynamical system consisting of the number of electrons and nuclei implied by the stoichiometric formula that interact via electromagnetic forces, one can not even calculate the most important parameters in chemistry, namely, those that describe the molecular structure.8

Looking outwardly upon universalisms» blackness is the samething thing as looking inwardly past the veiled molecules to see what has been scientifically gestured to be «atomic» nebulas in an atomically designated Cosmos,,,,,,,, you know their fathers (plural) as being but one celestial universe within untold numbers of celestial universes within the Celestial Cosmos.

DNA is part of a living cell, as are proteins, fats and a number of other organic molecules.

Any aqueous solution that contains a large number of chemicals must necessarily give rise to an even more complicated set of chemical reactions between and among those molecules, producing yet more chemical types.

In this sense an atom is more complex than an electron, a molecule more complex than an atom, and a living cell more complex than the highest chemical nuclei of which it is composed, the difference depending (on this I insist) not only on the number and diversity of the elements included in each case, but at least as much on the number and correlative variety of the links formed between these elements.

If we now consider the number of the stars (15,000 x 106 visible to the optical telescope alone) you will understand how it is possible to say, cosmically speaking, that we are enveloped in a sort of monstrous gas formed of molecules as heavy as the Sun moving at distances from each other so great that they have to be reckoned in light - years (bearing in mind that light travels at a speed of 186,000 miles per second, and that we are only 8 light - minutes distant from the sun)-- a gas made of stars!

The apparent gap between nonliving and living has now been bridged by nucleic acids, a class of polymeric organic molecules composed of a succession of small units (nucleotides) of four sorts, the order of which determines an indefinitely large number of different specificities.

But that's not the point, the point is that there were noisy people outside my house and all I wanted to do was open the window and tell them to quiet down because I can count on three fingers the number of times I've been home to witness the sound of hundreds of millions of water molecules hitting the roof over my head.

Curd from milk heated to a high temperature will not release whey as ordinary cheese curd does, due to the smaller number of casein bridges within and between the casein molecules.

«If we want to treat the greatest number of diseases, we need to figure out how to get these molecules inside the cells of patients — not just increasing the number of target cells but also hitting tissues other than the liver,» says Anderson, who co-founded a company called CRISPR Therapeutics to pursue those goals.

A number of individual genes have been linked to suicide, such as those involved in the brain's response to mood - lifting serotonin, and a signalling molecule called brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which regulates the brain's response to stress.

«Most of what we are all doing with liquid biopsies is dealing with very small numbers [of molecules], so using a poor sample extraction or nonoptimized kit can really get rid of a lot of the signal,» she says.

By counting the number of molecules that evaporated, they could calculate the energy of each cluster before it was zapped.

And maps of slow - moving neutrons collected by NASA's Lunar Prospector, which orbited the moon in 1998 and 1999, suggested a number of craters are rich in hydrogen, though it was not clear whether the hydrogen was bound in water molecules or was present in some other form.

The molecule that shuttles proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm, XPO1 (also called CRM1,) has been implicated in multiple sclerosis and a number of other diseases.

Many scientists believe that the aging process is caused by the gradual buildup of a huge number of individually tiny faults — some damage to a DNA strand here, a deranged protein molecule there, and so on.

The idea of making transgenic drugs occurred to a number of scientists during the mid-1980s, when the new industry began to wrestle with the challenge of making complex proteins: ensuring that these big molecules were folded into the proper shape and that they had all their sugars in the right places on the surface of the proteins» amino acids.

In fact, because of symmetry properties unique to the number 60, it may be the most perfecty spherical, edgeless molecule possible.

«A biological approach to precision medicine targets endless number of diseases: Self - assembling platform effectively delivers inhibitory RNA molecules to targeted cell populations.»

Toxicants like solvents, pesticides or volatile molecules from oil spills can travel straight into the brain via the olfactory receptors — nasal neurons that number in the many millions, thickly studding the inner lining of the nose.

What is new is using it to create a sensor that can measure an effect rather than just a number of molecules.

For example, formation of the mitotic spindle significantly depletes the numbers of free tubulin molecules in the soluble phase of the cytoplasm.

Using a molecule that attaches selectively to neurons in this slurry, researchers could count the number of neurons in each bit of brain real estate.

A team of researchers, led by the University of Minnesota, has invented a new soap molecule made from renewable sources that could dramatically reduce the number of chemicals in cleaning products and their impact on the environment.

When newly hatched majors were injected with molecules that increased the number of small chemical groups attached to their DNA's protein scaffolding, they behaved like minors.

A new study of fremanezumab, an immunotherapy that counteracts one of the molecules released during migraine, was found successful in reducing the number of days that chronic migraine sufferers experienced headaches.

Those without the surface molecule developed much more severe lesions, and higher numbers of them.

Usually, in small - molecule junctions, electrons «pushed» through the junction by the applied bias make the leap continuously, from one electrode into the other, so that the number of electrons on the molecule at each instant of time is not well - defined.

Adjusting the numbers of various types of molecule in the environment seem to improve the chances of self - replicating life generating spontaneously

In terms of fuel, it's better to start with a higher carbon number molecule.

But the researchers say that by expanding the device and the number of interactions, they can increase their ability to simulate more complex systems — growing from the simulation of a single molecule to that of an entire material.

But in rare cases molecules with an even number of electrons can behave like radicals, because the arrangement of their atoms prevents all the electrons from finding partners with which to pair up.

«This is a fair number, but the number of secreted molecules that we detected exceeded our expectations,» says Julia Bandow.

Taking their cue from nature, where structurally well - defined biopolymers are the norm, e.g. in DNA and genes where slight variations to the order of a small number of organic molecules gives rise to the diverse spectrum of life, they have developed a self - sorting strategy that regulates the order molecules take when forming long chain polymers.

But, with its large number of functional groups, the soy protein is able to attract a wide variety of polluting molecules.

Mice without Del - 1 that had been induced to get EAE also had significantly higher numbers of inflammatory cells in their spinal cords at the disease's peak, a fact that further experiments revealed was due to increased levels of the signaling molecule IL - 17.

The probable release of water molecules from the hydration layer of ions caused by cluster formation may result in an increased number of degrees of freedom of the system.

A technique to combine the ultrasensitivity of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with a slippery surface invented by Penn State researchers will make it feasible to detect single molecules of a number of chemical and biological species from gaseous, liquid or solid samples.

As the microbes metabolize food, they produce an astonishing number of small molecules, chemicals and hormones that circulate in a host and can influence health in an animal.

«I had been playing with ideas on how to enhance the dispersability of this molecule for a number of years,» said Perlman, who has more than 100 patents and pending patents on inventions he has made in his years at Brandeis.

In the brain, however, the researchers found that MHCI immune molecules are one of the only known factors that limit the density of synapses, ensuring that synapses form in the appropriate numbers necessary to support healthy brain function.

«We've been looking to nature for a while to find complex molecules for use in a number of consumer electronics applications,» says Dwight Seferos, an associate professor in U of T's Department of Chemistry and Canada Research Chair in Polymer Nanotechnology.

But working with human smooth muscle cells isolated and grown from the healthy parts of airway tissue surrounding excised tumors, Benjamin Kalbe and his colleagues applied a large number of odor molecules and watched two of them activate the muscle cells.