Sentences with phrase «number of mutations»

The scientists also found that children with congenital heart disease carry large numbers of mutations in genes that are active during brain development.

«Thanks to whole - genome sequencing, we were able to identify a larger number of mutations,» he said.

Researchers also identified a group of patients with a small number of mutations in the tumor whose disease progression was very slow.

They discovered that our ancestors acquired an unusually high number of mutations in the gene.

Another environmental risk factor, cigarette smoking, was associated with markedly increased numbers of mutations.

But huge numbers of mutations may occur every generation in the species as a whole.

I'm sure there are estimates about the percentage that are, but I suspect it's a relatively low number of mutations that actually prove beneficial.

Although the likelihood of any neutral mutation spreading by chance is tiny, the enormous number of mutations in each generation makes genetic drift a significant force.

Because of this, cancer can quickly become resistant to conventional treatments able to target only a very limited number of mutations.

When you get to cancers like breast, prostate and kidney, which have smaller numbers of mutations, the drugs aren't quite as effective.

The results also reveal that a higher number of mutations are correlated with reduced capacity of satellite cells to grow and differentiate into new skeletal muscle fibers.

To determine the length of time it likely took for the study patients» cancers to form, the scientists used multiple statistical models that took into account the patient's age when they were diagnosed and the total number of mutations in each patient's cancer.

We want to introduce the smallest number of mutations necessary to recreate the passenger pigeon's ecology.

Single and triple mutants correspond to «x,» and unmutated, double and four - tuple mutants correspond to «y.» The odd number of mutations produce «x» and even numbers produce «y.» The mutants in the order are ranked from high to low fitness.

«CRISPR - Cpf1 gene - editing can be applied to a vast number of mutations in the dystrophin gene.

Chesser says he was surprised by the sheer number of mutations.

In contrast, Bortvin and Malki discovered that female mice allow transposon movement to take place, but then get rid off immature eggs harboring the highest number of mutations before the female mouse is even born.

That confirmed the theory that high numbers of mutations make it more likely the immune system will recognize and attack cancer — if it gets assistance from immunotherapy.

For one thing, an ever - growing number of mutations seemed to be needed — dozens, in some cases — which he found implausible.

Cancer cells that have a relatively large number of mutations in their DNA express aberrant proteins — or neoantigens — that reveal the cancer to the immune system.

The decline in skeletal muscle function associated with human ageing can be ascribed to an increasing number of mutations in satellite cells — the resident stem cells of skeletal muscle.

We want to introduce the smallest number of mutations necessary to recreate the passenger pigeon's ecology.

In the cancer cells, that means huge numbers of mutations that are good targets for immunotherapy.

It turns out that the genes connected to OCD in dogs also display a larger number of mutations in humans with an OCD diagnosis.

A new study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden shows how an unexpectedly high number of mutations in the stem cells of muscles impair cell regeneration.

«There are three billion of letters in the DNA code of humans and the numbers of mutations detected in this study are in the dozens... and not realistically likely to deter more mature fathers from having children.»

The researchers estimated that the number of mutations a man is likely to pass on doubles every 16.5 years.

By counting the number of these mutations they could tell which of the clones were newer and which were older, building a family tree of cloned trees.

«Interestingly, despite having a large number of mutations, the young patients present with relatively mild neurological problems.»

Our job now is to figure out how to make immunotherapy effective against those tumors with small numbers of mutations.

The goal of this study was to expand the number of mutations we can pair with a precision therapy.»

And judging from the small number of mutations it had accumulated, it came from there only about a thousand years ago.

By counting the number of mutations that have happened since M45, Wells and his colleagues estimate that M45 is about 35,000 to 40,000 years old.

Even in areas of Barrett's esophagus without cancer, the researchers found a large number of mutations in their tissue — on average 12,000 per person (compared to an average of 18,000 mutations within the cancer).

By studying rare «copy number variations,» which are individual errant insertions or deletions of DNA segments (each of which occur in less than one percent of the population), researchers discovered a new cluster of genes that are affected in some autistic individuals as well as a number of mutations that were present in autistic children but not their parents.

«What is most surprising is the high number of mutations.

In a new study, researchers at Karolinska Institutet have investigated the number of mutations that accumulate in the muscle's stem cells (satellite cells).

They also took advantage of the molecular clock (which allows instances of species divergence to be dated based on the numbers of mutations accumulated over time) to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the host species.

Along with fossil records, species are typically dated by analyzing the number of mutations they have accumulated — in most species these genetic blips occur at a steady rate, creating a sort of «molecular clock» that can be used to calculate evolutionary time lines.

The researchers tallied the number of mutations each species had accumulated in the same stretch of DNA since it split from a common ancestor.

VAAST, also developed in Yandell's laboratory, identified a number of mutations that might have caused the syndrome, but couldn't identify an individual candidate as the causative gene.

For each set of organisms, they used differences in the number of mutations in certain genes to determine where each organism sat in its particular group's tree.

Automated image processing let them count the number of mutations and assess how well the cells were doing.

In cases where there are lots of T cells in the vicinity of a tumor, or where tumor cells have undergone large numbers of mutations, which creates additional targets for immune sentries, T cells will signal a full - fledged immune response to the cancer.

A small number of these mutations have been found previously in other cancers, and drugs have been developed to target these mutations,» said lead author Raphael Bueno, MD, chief of the Division of Thoracic Surgery at BWH and co-director of the BWH Lung Center.