Sentences with phrase «number of proxy records»

As is often the case with these proxy reconstructions, the authors found the error bars in the reconstruction (the uncertainty) increased further back in time, due to a decreasing number of proxy records, and was not useful past 1,450 years ago.

Not exact matches

For stockholders of record: The proxy card you received covers the number of shares to be voted in your account as of the record date, including any shares held for participants in the IBM Investor Services Program and Employees Stock Purchase Plans.

If your Shares are held in the name of a broker, bank, or other nominee and you want to vote in person, you will need to obtain (and bring with you to the 2015 Annual Shareholders» Meeting) a legal proxy from the record holder of your Shares (who must have been the record holder of your Shares as of the close of business on April 10, 2015) indicating that you were a beneficial owner of Shares as of the close of business on April 10, 2015, as well as the number of Shares of which you were the beneficial owner on the record date, and appointing you as the record holder's proxy to vote the Shares covered by that proxy at the 2015 Annual Shareholders» Meeting.

The small but growing number of shareholder votes on diversity proposals is on pace to match or exceed the record set last year, according to data compiled by ISS Analytics, which tracks proxies.

Their solar estimates were based on a number of different proxies and the temperature was taken from the Bradley and Jones Northern Hemisphere record.

When the researchers compared their results with the output of a number of climate models, they found that several of the newer models that have higher resolution and use updated ice sheet configurations do «a very good job» of reproducing the patterns observed in the proxy records.

The afternoon sessions on water isotopes in precipitation was quite exciting because of the number of people looking at innovative proxy archives, including cave records of 18O in calcite, or deuterium in leaf waxes, which are extending the coverage (in time and space) of this variable.

Updating the proxy networks to the present day would of course be helpful, as would adding to the number of long (multi-centennial) records.

An increasing number of Holocene proxy records are of sufficiently high resolution to describe the climate variability on centennial to millennial time scales, and to identify possible natural quasi-periodic modes of climate variability at these time scales (Haug et al., 2001; Gupta et al., 2003).

In recent decades, a number of groups have tried combining sets of these proxy records together to construct long - term estimates of global temperature change over the last millennium or so.

The number of Mann2008 proxy records increases identically as the present is approached (vertical tan bars).

The problem with most of the discussion here is that so much is treated as certainty when in reality we are drawing numbers from statistics from proxy records which are statistics that are loosely correlated with something that might have happened in the past...

«However, a number of issues specific to the modeling situation could arise in this context, including: how realistically the AOGCM is able to reproduce the real world patterns of variability and how they respond to various forcings7; the magnitude of forcings and the sensitivity of the model that determine the magnitude of temperature fluctuations; and the extent to which the model was sampled with the same richness of information that is contained in the proxy records (not only temperature records, but series that correlate well with the primary patterns of variability including, for example, precipitation in particular seasons.»

Temperature reconstructions for periods before about A.D. 1600 are based on proxies from a limited number of geographic regions, and some reconstructions are not robust with respect to the removal of proxy records from individual regions (see, e.g., Wahl and Ammann in press).

The hockey stick shows up in a number of different proxy records, as shown in: «A global multiproxy database for temperature reconstructions of the Common Era»

Such proxy material as tree rings can not be as accurate as instrumental records or detailed reconstructions using a variety of observational material - but there are nevertheless a number of obvious consequences that those who debate climate as either «realists» or «sceptics» need to face when considering this data;

A recent analysis of a number of different proxy temperature records suggests that Northern Hemisphere decadal - scale averages over land may have been as much as approximately 0.2 — 0.4 °C above the 1850 — 2006 mean from roughly 950 — 1150 AD (32).

For this reason, the proxies must be «calibrated» empirically, by comparing their measured variability over a number of years with available instrumental records to identify some optimal climate association, and to quantify the statistical uncertainty associated with scaling proxies to represent this specific climate parameter.

In this article, I will review our current understanding of Atlantic TC and hurricane trends with respect to: A) the historical record of basin - wide TC numbers; B) the historical record of hurricanes and TC intensity; C) distant past proxy estimates of TC (primarily, hurricane only) counts; and D) distant past proxy measures of TC / hurricane intensity.

The latter half of the twentieth century saw the most intense solar magnetic field (by sunspot number proxy) in the past 400 years since sunspot records began.