The area of the circle around each point represents
the number of temperature records set to date at that station.
There are a finite
number of temperature recording stations and these are placed around the Earth in an heterogeneous manner.
Not exact matches
In the last few weeks, we have run a series
of posts investigating the events
of the 30th Chicago Marathon, where
record high
temperatures caused the early cancellation
of the race, amid
record numbers of medical cases and emergencies.
Using
records dating back to 1855, hurricane researchers say they have uncovered an ongoing rise in the
number of Atlantic hurricanes that tracks the increase in sea surface
temperature related to climate change.
In 2015, the planet saw a
number of such
records set, from the hottest global
temperature measured to the largest annual increase in carbon dioxide.
Their solar estimates were based on a
number of different proxies and the
temperature was taken from the Bradley and Jones Northern Hemisphere
record.
Since 2015, the
number of daily
record high
temperature in the U.S. has outnumbered the
number of daily
record lows by more than 3 - to - 1.
But February's
numbers prompted Gavin Schmidt, who heads NASA's Goddard Institute
of Space Studies, which keeps the agency's
temperature data, to comment on the extraordinary
record on Twitter.
A
number of recent studies indicate that effects
of urbanisation and land use change on the land - based
temperature record are negligible (0.006 ºC per decade) as far as hemispheric - and continental - scale averages are concerned because the very real but local effects are avoided or accounted for in the data sets used.
If the GHCN's collection is treated as a more or less complete accounting
of the available instrumental
temperature record, then the
number of stations rose steadily during the first half
of the twentieth century, surged in the 1940s - 1970s, and then sharply declined afterward.
The prospect
of the Arctic sea - ice melting completely; ice - sheets breaking off Antarctica;
record temperatures — I'm a complete
numbers geek.
Curious about these
numbers, I looked more into the past decade
of temperature records, and also spoke with Climate Central's staff scientists.
Vast
numbers of corals died suddenly during a
record - breaking El Niño that raised sea - surface
temperature 1 °C over a 3 - month period.
The new RSS v4 TLT
record makes a
number of changes to the time
of observation correction, as well as corrections for the change in instruments that measure
temperature from microwave sounding units (MSU) to advanced microwave sounding units (AMSU) sensors, which occurred around the year 2000.
And in 2016 the
number of daily
record high minimum
temperatures outnumbered
record low minimum
temperatures 7 - to - 1.
Sixty years ago in the continental United States, the
number of new
record high
temperatures recorded around the country each year was roughly equal to the
number of new
record lows.
TFTR set a
number of world
records, including a plasma
temperature of 510 million degrees centigrade — the highest ever produced in a laboratory, and well beyond the 100 million degrees required for commercial fusion.
So far in December, the nationwide
number of daily high
temperatures records is outpacing the
number of daily low
temperature records 10 to 1.
On Thursday, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) released its global
temperature data, which confirmed what NASA
numbers had already shown: This February was the warmest February on
record and the most anomalously warm month in more than 100 years
of record - keeping.
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While the rest
of the country was shivering with
record temperatures and snowstorms this winter, Mother Nature treated us to a
number of balmy 60 degree days and sunshine here on the Southern Oregon coast.
This means that for the first time a large
number of models can be readily tested against
temperature data
recorded AFTER those models were finalized.
In any case, global
temperature records are * not * like stock market
numbers, because the former are part
of system constrained by the laws
of physics, unlike the latter.
Large variability reduces the
number of new
records — which is why the satellite series
of global mean
temperature have fewer expected
records than the surface data, despite showing practically the same global warming trend: they have more short - term variability.
The ``... uneven spatial distribution, many missing data points, and a large
number of non-climatic biases varying in time and space» all contribute inaccuracies to to the global
temperature record — as do errors in orbital decay corrections, limb - corrections, diurnal corrections, and hot - target corrections, all
of which rely on measurements (+ - inherent errors), in the satellite
temperature records.
We therefore repeated the calculation excluding this data point, using the 1910 — 2009 data instead, to see whether the
temperature data prior to 2010 provide a reason to anticipate a new heat
record.With a thus revised nonlinear trend, the expected
number of heat
records in the last decade reduces to 0.47, which implies a 78 % probability -LSB-(0.47 − 0.105) ∕ 0.47] that a new Moscow
record is due to the warming trend.
If the GHCN's collection is treated as a more or less complete accounting
of the available instrumental
temperature record, then the
number of stations rose steadily during the first half
of the twentieth century, surged in the 1940s - 1970s, and then sharply declined afterward.
In global average, the
number of unprecedented heat
records over the past ten years is five times higher than in a stationary climate, based on 150,000
temperature time series starting in the year 1880.
«If the global
numbers come out as CRU has presented over the years, then it will strike a blow to skepticism about global
temperature trend
records produced by CRU and restore a good deal
of credibility to this area
of climate science.»
For July
temperature in Moscow, we estimate that the local warming trend has increased the
number of records expected in the past decade fivefold, which implies an approximate 80 % probability that the 2010 July heat
record would not have occurred without climate warming.
Research to be published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters shows that over the past decade the
number of record hot days has been double the
number of record cold days: The research was carried out by scientists at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Climate Central, The Weather Channel, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and examined
temperature records going back to the 1950s.
Even if it is obvious that the
temperature has increased systematically, this can not be verified in this case by testing on the
number of records.
Incidentally, I know it has been repeated on a
number of occasions, but I think it might help to remind people that climate models are not based off
of surface
temperature records.
Here we show that, worldwide, the
number of local
record - breaking monthly
temperature extremes is now on average five times larger than expected in a climate with no long - term warming.
Evidently there's been a
number of changes in the overall habits
of people who
record and reset the min / max
temperatures.
Since 1950 the annual
number of record hot days across Australia has more than doubled and
temperatures have warmed by almost 1 °C.
It should be remembered that in the early part
of the 20th century, a large
number (perhaps majority)
of the sites
recording daily
temperatures and precipitation were farming communities.
There's a fundamental difference in the facts that — the instrumental
records are formed from
numbers that represent directly
temperatures — there are very many time series
of that type — it's possible to calculate (weighted) averages and apply many tools
of statistical analysis to them.
This news marks the TK
NUMBER OF DOOM consecutive month that the monthly average
temperatures have broken
records, putting TK YEAR on track to be the hottest year since TK YEAR - 1, which broke the
record set by TK YEAR - 2 by a huge TK
TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE.
In recent decades, a
number of groups have tried combining sets
of these proxy
records together to construct long - term estimates
of global
temperature change over the last millennium or so.
It says the
number of record heat days across Australia has doubled since 1960 and more
temperature records are likely to be broken as hot conditions continue this summer.
Then he used a
number of variables to create another curve which, when combined with the HHA curve, produces a curve very similar to a smoothed version
of the HADCRUT3
temperature record.
And then we discovered that they were worse than bad: when applied to a really simple
record of temperature, they performed worse than a table
of random
numbers.
According to Weatherzone, Adelaide, Melbourne, Canberra and Sydney may all be in line to set
record warmth in coming days, including for the
number of days in a row above various
temperatures, for this late in the season.
However, there are only 50 states, and this is a
number that isn't large enough to give the best statistical results... [a better metric is a] year - by - year
numbers of daily all - time
record high
temperatures from a set
of 970 weather stations with at least 80 years
of record... There are 365 opportunities in each year (366 in leap years) for each
of the 970 stations to set a
record high... Note the several years above 6000 events prior to 1940 and none above 5000 since 1954.
Their
numbers are the
records of temperature measurements.
«As you measure the high and low daily
temperatures each year, it normally becomes more difficult to break a
record after a
number of years.
If
temperatures were not warming, the
number of record daily highs and lows being set each year would be approximately even, the researchers explained in a statement.