In areas where heartworms are common, a few summers of repeated mosquito bites to dogs not receiving preventative medications can result in enormous
numbers of adult worms in the pet's heart.
For example, dogs tend to host high
numbers of adult worms, whilst in cats, it may be just a handful.
In dogs, as
the number of adult worms in the heart multiplies, you may notice a mild persistent, non-productive cough, exercise intolerance and fatigue, decreased appetite, weight loss, or lethargy.
In the meantime, if you have a small
number of adult worms present, they are unlikely to cause much heart damage.
In cases where a large
number of adult worms are present in the right ventricle of the heart, a surgical procedure may be needed to remove the parasites.
According to the American Heartworm Society, a dog with a low
number of adult worms present in the body that does not undergo strenuous exercise may never have apparent signs of heartworm infection.
To achieve this, treatment is approached in stages with the goal being to minimize
the number of adult worms to be killed and having the patient as healthy as possible going into what is called adulticide treatment.
Otherwise there is a possibility that administering a preventative medication could suddenly kill off a large
number of adult worms, which could cause severe thrombus formation in the vessels.
The signs of heartworm disease depend on
the number of adult worms present, the location of the worms, the length of time the worms have been present and the degree of damage to the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.
Despite their limited
number of adult worms, cats can have severe and lingering effects from heartworm disease.
Not exact matches
In both kittens and
adult cats with small
numbers of worms, there may be no clinical signs
of infection.
Once the
number of worms exceeds a certain
number based on the size and activity level
of the dog, however, the
adult worms move to the heart and symptoms begin to occur.
Although heartworm disease in cats can be self - limiting, with a small
number of cats able to spontaneously rid themselves
of adult worms, migrating larvae damage the lungs and vasculature before clinical signs appear.
The symptoms
of heartworm disease are directly related to the location,
number and size
of living and dead
adult worms inside the dog.
Because the cat must have at least two
adult female
worms present to make this test positive, a negative test may mean that the cat may only have a small
number of worms or that all the
worms present are male.