Their «time machine» is essentially just
a numerical approximation of an immense volume of air trapped in a large, transparent box with the open ocean at the box's base; the computer simply calculates how the constituent gases in the box should react and mix with each other over time.
However, the above two equations are sufficient to do
a numerical approximation in the spreadsheet of your choice.
value shown in my comparison table for each fund is
a numerical approximation of the average credit quality rating provided by Morningstar (M *), but with some adjustments applied.