Estuaries are places where rivers meet the sea, providing
nursery habitat for fish and shellfish while buffering many coastal communities from the impacts of coastal storms and sea level rise.
Newborn white sharks, as small as 4.0 feet long, regularly occur off Long Island, New York, suggesting this area may
provide nursery habitat.
As cattle ranches have displaced biologically rich rainforests, fish farms have displaced mangrove forests that provide important
fish nursery habitats and protect coasts during storms.
These functions include soil stabilization and erosion control; storm surge and flood protection; biodiversity; food production; and the provision
of nursery habitat for economically important seafood species, including shrimp, crab and fish.
Seagrass beds provide food and shelter to a wide variety of marine life and are particularly important
as nursery habitat for young fish and invertebrates such as kelp bass and California spiny lobsters.
«We see an accelerating decline in coastal species over the last 1,000 years, resulting in the loss of biological filter capacity,
nursery habitats and healthy fisheries,» notes team member Heike Latze, also of Dalhousie.
In order to get to
those nursery habitats, the larvae have to be carried by seasonal ocean currents.
Scientists also expect sea - level rise to alter coastal ecosystems such as the salt marshes and estuaries of Long Island, threatening feeding grounds for migrating waterfowl and
nursery habitat for commercial fish.19
Papahānaumokuākea is a vital feeding, nesting, and
nursery habitat for many other species, including seabirds, sea turtles and cetaceans.