With the discovery during the latter half of the twentieth century of more objects within the solar system and large
objects around other stars, dispute arose over what should constitute a planet.
«If there is water in Kuiper belt - like
objects around other stars, as there now appears to be, then when rocky planets form they need not contain life's ingredients,» said Siyi Xu, the study's lead author, a postdoctoral scholar at the European Southern Observatory in Germany who earned her doctorate at UCLA.
Not exact matches
In a few thousand years of recorded history, we went from dwelling in caves and mud huts and tee - pees, not understanding the natural world
around us, or the broader universe, to being able to travel through space, using reason to ferret out the hidden secrets of how the world works, from physics to chemistry to biology, we worked out the tools and rules underpinning it all, mathematics, and now we can see
objects that are almost impossibly small, the very tiniest building blocks of matter, (or at least we can examine them, even if you can't «see» them because you're using something
other than your eyes and photons to view them) to the very farthest
objects, the planets circling
other, distant
stars, that are in their own way, too small to see from here, like the atoms and parts of atoms themselves, detected indirectly, but indisputably THERE.
The small red circles denote
other objects that emit X-rays, like neutron
stars or white dwarfs, that are found scattered
around more of the galaxy.
But until astronomers began finding planets
around other stars, no one calculated how swallowing nearby
objects would affect a
star, says theoretical astrophysicist Mario Livio of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore.
The worlds are aptly named «circumbinary planets» («circum» meaning
around, and «binary» referring to two
objects), and in this type of binary system, the two
stars orbit each
other while the planet orbits the two
stars (pictured above).
The telescopes also were key parts of an international program to look for planets
around other stars by means of gravitational microlensing, in which the gravity of a small
object passing in front of a
star briefly amplifies the
star's light.
Cities
Around Other Stars The reality is that astronomers barely know the basics about Kuiper belt
objects, much less whether they harbor life.
The intermediate stage, taking pebbles and joining them together into
objects the size of asteroids, is less clear, but with more than 3,500 planets already found
around other stars, the whole process must be ubiquitous.
As for Marois, «there are actually two
other objects that we're tracking»
around another
star, he says.
Hubble now enters a phase of full science observations ranging from studying the population of Kuiper Belt
objects at the fringe of our solar system to surveying the birth of planets
around other stars.
The VLA data were used to track the orbit of the smaller Southern
star around the larger Southern
object, presumed to be a pair of
stars orbiting each
other closely.
The
star exhibits weird fluctuations in its brightness, leading a few astronomers to propose — among many
other ideas — that maybe a swarm of alien megastructures is orbiting
around the
object.
«This allowed us to measure the time it takes for the black hole and the donor
star to rotate
around each
other, which is 64 days, and to model the velocity of the two
objects and the shape of the orbit,» Soria said.
The halos
around quasars — the brightest and the most active
objects in the universe, they are galaxies formed less than 2 billion years after the Big Bang; they have supermassive black holes in their centers and consume
stars, gas, interstellar dust and
other material at a very fast rate — are made of gas known as the intergalactic medium and extend for up to 300,000 light - years from the centers of the quasars.
The SEGA All
Stars Soccer game depicts the SEGA characters kicking the ball
around with items and
other foreign
objects whizzing across the field.