Sentences with phrase «observational support for»

But the bottom line is that there does not seem to be any observational support for this large sequestration of heat in the deep ocean that is shown by the reanalysis.

By then there may be good observational support for PA's quadratic model.

Use bad papers to claim observational support for Hansen's fantasy, when none exists.

James: I don't think there is really any theoretical or observational support for what you are suggesting.

Bender, F. A. - M., Ramanathan, V. & Tselioudis, G. Changes in extratropical storm track cloudiness 1983 — 2008: observational support for a poleward shift.

Interesting that someone that claims that ``... Cosmic rays influence our weather...» doesn't understand that the science of whether or not GCR's have any impact is actually the thing in question, with only very limited observational support for the idea so far and good reasons for why it is unlikely to be a big factor.

Can you provide observational support for your (non-alarmist) claim that 30,000 species are going extinct every year from AGW?

has often referenced as observational support for the Pielke & Matsui 05 paper (which is ALSO frequently used by RPSr.)

The images provided the first observational support for an intriguing idea that, until then, had been solely theoretical: The Jovian moons might have oceans on the inside.

While Levi seeks observational support for cosmic collisions, another string theorist — Laura Mersini - Houghton of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill — is attempting to study mathematically how neighboring universes would interact.

There was (and still is) no observational support for string theory, and it did not seem possible that we could find such support for the multiverse, either, since we are locked inside our bubble with no access beyond its walls.

Not exact matches

Although not directly comparable, our findings are in broad agreement with those from routine data in Scotland that have indicated a positive association between Baby Friendly accreditation, but not certification, and breastfeeding at 1 week of age.17 Our findings reinforce those of Coutinho and colleagues who reported that high exclusive breastfeeding rates achieved in Brazilian hospitals implementing staff training with the course content of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative were short - lived and not sustained at home unless implemented in combination with post-natal home visits.35 Similarly in Italy, training of staff with an adapted version of the Baby Friendly course content resulted in high breastfeeding rates at discharge, with a rapid decrease in the days after leaving hospital.36 In contrast, a cluster randomized trial in Belarus (PROBIT) found an association between an intervention modelled on the Baby Friendly Initiative with an increased duration of breastfeeding37 an association also reported from an observational study in Germany.38 Mothers in Belarus stay in hospital post-partum for 6 — 7 days, and in Germany for 5 days, with post-natal support likely to be particularly important in countries where mothers stay in the hospital for a shorter time, with early discharge likely to limit the influence of a hospital - based intervention.

Some barriers include the negative attitudes of women and their partners and family members, as well as health care professionals, toward breastfeeding, whereas the main reasons that women do not start or give up breastfeeding are reported to be poor family and social support, perceived milk insufficiency, breast problems, maternal or infant illness, and return to outside employment.2 Several strategies have been used to promote breastfeeding, such as setting standards for maternity services3, 4 (eg, the joint World Health Organization — United Nations Children's Fund [WHO - UNICEF] Baby Friendly Initiative), public education through media campaigns, and health professionals and peer - led initiatives to support individual mothers.5 — 9 Support from the infant's father through active participation in the breastfeeding decision, together with a positive attitude and knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding, has been shown to have a strong influence on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding in observational studies, 2,10 but scientific evidence is not available as to whether training fathers to manage the most common lactation difficulties can enhance breastfeedingsupport, perceived milk insufficiency, breast problems, maternal or infant illness, and return to outside employment.2 Several strategies have been used to promote breastfeeding, such as setting standards for maternity services3, 4 (eg, the joint World Health Organization — United Nations Children's Fund [WHO - UNICEF] Baby Friendly Initiative), public education through media campaigns, and health professionals and peer - led initiatives to support individual mothers.5 — 9 Support from the infant's father through active participation in the breastfeeding decision, together with a positive attitude and knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding, has been shown to have a strong influence on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding in observational studies, 2,10 but scientific evidence is not available as to whether training fathers to manage the most common lactation difficulties can enhance breastfeedingsupport individual mothers.5 — 9 Support from the infant's father through active participation in the breastfeeding decision, together with a positive attitude and knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding, has been shown to have a strong influence on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding in observational studies, 2,10 but scientific evidence is not available as to whether training fathers to manage the most common lactation difficulties can enhance breastfeedingSupport from the infant's father through active participation in the breastfeeding decision, together with a positive attitude and knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding, has been shown to have a strong influence on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding in observational studies, 2,10 but scientific evidence is not available as to whether training fathers to manage the most common lactation difficulties can enhance breastfeeding rates.

Observational data suggest that fathers are important in the maternal decision on how to feed the infant and that mothers choose to bottle feed or breastfeed for a shorter time when the father is not supporting breastfeeding.16 — 19 Moreover, supporting the father during breastfeeding may help to improve the mother's satisfaction with breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding, and adaptation of both parents to parenting.10, 20 — 23 Despite these data, the fathers are poorly informed about the advantages of breastfeeding24, 25 and may have many concerns that are poorly addressed and that can negatively influence initiation and duration rates of breastfeeding.

''... For the warming over the last century, there is no convincing alternative explanation supported by the extent of the observational evidence.»

When the scientists sought funding for that research, however, reviewers criticized it as observational work, unworthy of support, Sonntag says.

«The results from this and other observational human studies support efforts to reduce Penta - BDE exposures, especially for pregnant women and young children,» says Lanphear.

For the warming over the last century, there is no convincing alternative explanation supported by the extent of the observational evidence.»

We find that a single, relatively simple model is consistent with all the available observational constraints spanning 4 orders of magnitude in wavelength and spatial scales, providing strong support for this interpretation of UX Orionis stars.

Potential cardioprotection was based on generally supportive data on lipid levels in intermediate outcome clinical trials, trials in nonhuman primates, and a large body of observational studies suggesting a 40 % to 50 % reduction in risk among users of either estrogen alone or, less frequently, combined estrogen and progestin.2 - 5 Hip fracture was designated as a secondary outcome, supported by observational data as well as clinical trials showing benefit for bone mineral density.6, 7 Invasive breast cancer was designated as a primary adverse outcome based on observational data.3, 8 Additional clinical outcomes chosen as secondary outcomes that may plausibly be affected by hormone therapy include other cardiovascular diseases; endometrial, colorectal, and other cancers; and other fractures.3, 6,9

Recent observational and modelling evidence thus provides strong additional support for the combined water vapour - lapse rate feedback being around the strength found in AOGCMs.

South African Astronomical Observatory — A list of Virtual Observatory - compatible applications, tools and data archives to do science — online data archives, data discovery, analysis, and plotting tools Mitaka 4 - dimensional digital universe — Software to visualize the known Universe with up - to - date observational data and theoretical models, by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ)[With Mutiple Language Support] SAO / NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)-- A Digital Library portal for researchers in Astronomy and Physics Virtual Astronomical Observatory (VAO)-- electronic integration of astronomy data, tools, and services to the global community SkyView — A Virtual Observatory on the Net generating images of any part of the sky at wavelengths in all regimes from Radio to Gamma - Ray.

Because this was an observational study, the results need cautious interpretation, but nevertheless support a need for ongoing research of the potential mechanisms which underlie this connection.

Some observational studies provide some support for the hypothesis that higher intakes of cruciferous vegetables are associated with lower risk for some types of cancer (see the article on Cruciferous Vegetables)(1).

The results in Table 10 support the notion that the observational study design does a good job of controlling for selection bias in the evaluation of charter effects (or that there is not much selection bias in the first place).

Observational measures also may not adjust well for different teaching contexts and even when educators use these protocols, additional, less formal feedback is necessary to support teachers» development.

In their internships, students serve in local classrooms essentially as apprentices, initially in an observational role and then gradually taking on responsibilities for supporting group work and even co-teaching at times with their cooperating teacher.

She currently is the co-PI on a $ 2.2 million grant from the National Science Foundation to develop an observational protocol and professional development for supporting science discourse in early elementary.

Many questionaire format evaluative forms are designed for parents, teachers and other stakeholders to create observational data that can be used to support student success.

(I think the support for an increase in very large hail in the US is stronger, from theoretical and modelling perspectives, as well as a hint in the observational database.

Whether you are gullible enough to accept the figures as accurate depends on how much credibility you put in the multitude of observational measurements taken by different methods over many decades by diverse groups of researchers that form a strong consilience of mutually supporting evidence for the validity of the estimates and the possible errors.

In our observational work however, we have not been able to show clear support for the manner or magnitude of this response as has been depicted by the present set of climate models (Christy, 2002, Christy et al. 2006a, Christy and Norris 2006, Christy et al. 2006b).»

Given that there is some observational, theoretical, statistical, and model - based support for the general anomaly - smoothing method, it seems reasonable to use it.

The strongest support for the upward trend in air - borne particulates derives from the failure of observational data to support our understanding of the CO2 effect.

I believe I understand the mechanisms related to the Heinrich events and have moved on to astrophysics problems looking for an explanation as to how the sun could cause what is observed and looking for observational evidence to understand and support a model for the fundamental physics implications.

We could, of course, hit some bifurcation in the system where we lose all the summer Arctic sea ice or the Amazon forest, which is bad enough, and could possibly transition the climate to a different «solution» on a hysteresis diagram... this to me would represent more of a step-wise jump (akin to a larger bifurcation that you get in a snowball Earth as you gradually reduce CO2 or the solar constant); but ultimately these represent different behavior than «the interannual variability of the large scale dynamics will increase» or that for some reason the climate should be susceptible to more «flip flops» (as in the glacial Heinrich / D - O events), of which I am aware of no observational or theoretical support.

Carrick «Keep in mind the estimates for the half - life of CO2 emissions is on the order 800 years (based on correlational studies)» niclewis September 24, 2014 at 3:00 pm I'm not sure that is supported by good observational evidence.

, but if you look at hypotheses and their predictions, passing rigorous century - long observational tests is at least support for a theory to be used going forwards.

For the warming over the last century, there is no convincing alternative explanation supported by the extent of the observational evidence.

The idea that substituting air temperature for SST over the open ocean makes a significant difference to the GMST trend is not supported by observational evidence.

The big question is this: Will the lead authors of the relevant chapter of the forthcoming IPCC scientific report acknowledge that the best observational evidence no longer supports the IPCC's existing 2 ° -4.5 °C «likely» range for climate sensitivity?

There is absolutely no observational support from the real Earth system anywhere for the notion that there is something called AGW (or «climate sensitivity to CO2») at all.

Several observational studies (see Chapter 5) support the existence of the first aerosol indirect effect on low - level clouds and a negative sign for the associated radiative forcing, but these studies do not give indications on what a (negative) upper bound of the forcing would be.

These data do not provide observational evidence (i.e. empirical data) to support the premise that CO2 drives temperature, so it is a bad example for you to use.

JAMES SCHOOL, Shamrock, NJ 6/2011 to 6/2012 Special Needs Assistant • Assisted the teacher in creating and implementing effective lesson plans for each child • Provided support in building a sympathetic environment in the classroom • Helped the teacher apply safety measures to ensure the physical wellbeing of each student • Created individual student records and managed documentation on each student • Helped the teacher supervise the students during recess and outdoor activities • Assisted the teacher in assessing and evaluation each child by providing them with observational feedback

Validation for preschool MDD (based on meeting all DSM - IV symptom criteria) has been supported by the finding of a specific symptom constellation that was distinct from other psychiatric disorders and stable during a 6 - month period.22 Additionally, alterations in the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis reactivity similar to those known in adults with depression, greater family history of mood disorders, as well as observational evidence of depressive affects and behaviors were detected in preschoolers with depression, providing further validation.22,25,27 - 30 More recent findings from a larger independent sample (N = 306) ascertained from community sites (and serving as the population for this investigation) have replicated the findings described above and have also demonstrated that preschoolers with depression display significant functional impairment evident in multiple contexts rated by both parents and teachers.24

More stringent educational criteria for preschool educators and ongoing observational feedback may support teachers» optimal social and emotional responsiveness.

GOLDplus ®, is designed to provide early educators with a classroom solution that automatically integrates curricular resources with observational assessment data to support teachers» ability to individualize instruction for all students.

Using experimental and observational methods, we study empathy (feelings of empathic concern for one's partner and empathic accuracy or «mind - reading»), self - disclosure, and emotional expression in the context of social support interactions.