Sentences with phrase «observational test of»

S. Gratton, T. Hertog, N. Turok, An Observational Test of Quantum Cosmology, Physical Review D62, 2000, 063501, astro - ph / 9907212

«Future detections of circumbinary around short - period binary stars will provide the best indirect observational test of the STEEP process.»

Future detections — «or non-detections» — of circumbinary around short - period binary stars, the authors write, will «will provide the best indirect observational test of the STEEP process.

Surprisingly, observational tests of the multiverse picture may in fact be possible.

Not exact matches

It's a body of evidence that has been tested and explains a observational fact.

For example, in an observational study, researchers tracked the behavior of toddlers from the age of two, and then tested the children's spatial abilities when they were four and a half.

«In the case of pharmaceuticals, the onus is on the pharmaceutical company to do the research with toxicity testing, randomized control trials and post-exposure observational studies,» Conry said.

Is there an observational way of testing the multiverse?»

Because the researchers conducted an observational study at a single site, their findings suggest but do not prove a cause - and - effect relationship between the Early Test program's methods and decreased incidence of HIV.

«While these observational data can not prove that treating patients based on the results of CTA testing will automatically result in better health outcomes, they do provide new information enabling a more informed choice of testing for patients with stable chest pain, especially for predicting future cardiovascular risk.»

A wealth of observational evidence made it possible to test the theory against a cosmic instead of a local background.

Although reanalysis of the available evidence is important, the ability to properly control for bias and confounding [factors that can influence outcomes] in observational studies is often limited, and without randomized controlled trials specifically designed to test the hypothesis, the issue of nonspecific effects of vaccines may remain subject to continuing debate.»

«The PURE study is observational in design and does not test directly whether reducing sodium intake in a population reduces cardiovascular disease outcomes compared to a comparable population, selected at random, that consumes moderate amounts of sodium.»

The observational study correlated a measure of the voice pitch of members of the United States Congress with a measure of their leadership ability to test whether members with lower - pitched voices are more effective leaders.

As a whole, now the conceptual transition occurs from proving the inflationary paradigm in general and testing some of its simplest models to applying it for investigation of particle physics at super-high energies and of the actual history of the Universe in the remote past using observational data.

The researchers are using data from the three detections to subject Einstein's theory of general relativity to increasingly stringent observational tests.

Observational astronomers design and carry out observing programs with a telescope or spacecraft to answer a question or test the predictions of theories.

Turok's research focuses on developing fundamental theories of cosmology and new observational tests.

We make use of measurements of dEBs in the c... ▽ More The open clusters in the Kepler and CoRoT fields potentially provide tight constraints for tests of stellar models and observational methods because they allow a combination of complementary methods.

Abstract: The open clusters in the Kepler and CoRoT fields potentially provide tight constraints for tests of stellar models and observational methods because they allow a combination of complementary methods.

The testing is a lot more observational within the sport of crossfit, and the reason being is that they don't have a clue exactly what they're training for.

Another possible explanation is that non-Hispanic blacks may be less susceptible to the metabolic effects of sugars, although this hypothesis needs to be further tested.12, 54,56 Finally, although observational studies are important in improving our understanding of nutrient - disease relationships, they should not be directly interpreted as evidence of causal relationships without considering other lines of evidence.57

Evaluations should not be based exclusively on test scores but should — as a new agreement in New York State affirms — use a combination of evaluation methods that include test scores and other observational methods.

Well friends, thanks to the recent adoption of HTML5 and CSS3 coding; most eLMSs have the bandwidth to provide you with graph charts on every reporting element that matters i.e. test performance, SCORM and xAPI values, evaluation surveys, and observational task results.

Questions test students» knowledge of... Drawing • Observational Drawing • Tone • Line Drawings • Tone Drawings • Mark Making • Primary and Secondary Sources • Quality of Line • Negative space Colour Theory • Primary colours • Secondary colours • Contrasting colours • Tertiary Colours • Tints Shades • Warm Colours • Cold Colours Analysing an Artwork This part of the exam gives students the opportunity to analyse an artwork within a structured worksheet.

In this exploratory study, we will develop and test professional development aligned with the Mathematical Quality of Instruction observational instrument.

The types of data discussed include classroom and large - scale assessments, early literacy testing, RTI data, observational data, and program evaluations.

Observational models restrict the sample to students who were in Boston in the year of the relevant test.

The observational analysis controls for demographic and background characteristics as well as students» lagged test scores (for example, the elementary school scores of middle school students).

Constructed - Response and TE Items), Multiple Assessment Types (Benchmark, Formative, Interim / End - of - Course Exams, Pretests / Posttests, Multi-Stage Computerized Adaptive Tests [MCAT], Screening and Progress Monitoring Assessments, Observational Assessments), Test Planning, Test Construction, Bulk / Class Calendar Scheduling, Online Testing Interface, Printing Capability, Test Scoring

Because value - added measures adjust for the characteristics of students in a given classroom, they are less biased measures of teacher performance than are unadjusted test score measures, and they may be less biased even than some observational measures.

Polikoff found that «state tests indeed vary considerably in their correlations with observational and student survey measures of effective teaching.»

This is particularly important as illustrated in the prior post (Footnote 8 of the full piece to be exact), because «Teacher effectiveness ratings were based on, in order of importance by the proportion of weight assigned to each indicator [including first and foremost]: (1) scores derived via [this] district - created and purportedly «rigorous» (Dee & Wyckoff, 2013, p. 5) yet invalid (i.e., not having been validated) observational instrument with which teachers are observed five times per year by different folks, but about which no psychometric data were made available (e.g., Kappa statistics to test for inter-rater consistencies among scores).»

The bill cements the use of test scores to evaluate and make high - stakes decisions (e.g., tenure) about teachers, along with observational measures.

If interested, see the Review of Article # 1 — the introduction to the special issue here; see the Review of Article # 2 — on VAMs» measurement errors, issues with retroactive revisions, and (more) problems with using standardized tests in VAMs here; see the Review of Article # 3 — on VAMs» potentials here; and see the Review of Article # 4 — on observational systems» potentials here.

If interested, see the Review of Article # 1 — the introduction to the special issue here; see the Review of Article # 2 — on VAMs» measurement errors, issues with retroactive revisions, and (more) problems with using standardized tests in VAMs here; see the Review of Article # 3 — on VAMs» potentials here; see the Review of Article # 4 — on observational systems» potentials here; see the Review of Article # 5 — on teachers» perceptions of observations and student growth here; see the Review of Article (Essay) # 6 — on VAMs as tools for «egg - crate» schools here; see the Review of Article (Commentary) # 7 — on VAMs situated in their appropriate ecologies here; and see the Review of Article # 8, Part I — on a more research - based assessment of VAMs» potentials here and Part II on «a modest solution» provided to us by Linda Darling - Hammond here.

If interested, see the Review of Article # 1 — the introduction to the special issue here; see the Review of Article # 2 — on VAMs» measurement errors, issues with retroactive revisions, and (more) problems with using standardized tests in VAMs here; see the Review of Article # 3 — on VAMs» potentials here; see the Review of Article # 4 — on observational systems» potentials here; see the Review of Article # 5 — on teachers» perceptions of observations and student growth here; see the Review of Article (Essay) # 6 — on VAMs as tools for «egg - crate» schools here; and see the Review of Article (Commentary) # 7 — on VAMs situated in their appropriate ecologies here; and see the Review of Article # 8, Part I — on a more research - based assessment of VAMs» potentials here.

The finding shows a significant effect of the teachers» professional development on paired t - tests, t (22) = 4.72, p <.0001, based on the observational data.

See also the recommendations offered, some with which I agree on the observational side (e.g., ensuring that teachers receive multiple observations during a school year by multiple evaluators), and none with which I agree on the value - added side (e.g., use at least two years of student achievement data in teacher evaluation ratings — rather, researchers agree that three years of value - added data are needed, as based on at least four years of student - level test data).

Regardless of the tests, however, all of the secondary measures to be used to evaluate Alabama teachers (e.g., student and parent survey scores, observational scores) are also to be «correlated with impacts on student achievement results.»

The elementary versions of this new test — called NOTE, or the National Observational Teacher Examination — will be in place in 2016.

Neither did I until I took a look at the new «National Observational Teaching Exam,» or NOTE, brought to you by the Educational Testing Service (ETS)-- the same company that brings us the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), the SAT, the PRAXIS tests, the AP Exams, and the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP).

No, that is not correct, both papers seek to determine whether the observational data are consistent with the models, however Douglass et al use a statistical test that actually answers a different question, namely «is there a statistically significant difference between the mean trend of the ensemble and the observed trend».

[Response: True with some moderations: depending on how long the observational series are and how many independent parallel observations you make, there is an expected number of record - events according to the iid - test.

There are limited observational data to start with, insufficient testing of climate model simulations of extremes, and (so far) limited assessment of model projections.

A series of sensitivity tests show that our detection results are robust to observational data coverage change, interpolation methods, influence of natural climate variability on observations, and different model sampling (see Supplementary Information).

My goal is to find some interesting observational tests suggesting constrains of climate sensitivity or cloud feedback.

And the very inconvenient truth is that none of them would be able to pass such a validation test since all of them fail reproducing correctly observational data.

However, if those sensitivity tests confirm the inter-model relationship (green arrow in Figure 1), the credibility of assumed physical mechanisms and observational constraints on climate change projections increases.

The manuscript uses a simple energy budget equation (as employed e.g. by Gregory et al 2004, 2008, Otto et al 2013) to test the consistency between three recent «assessments» of radiative forcing and climate sensitivity (not really equilibrium climate sensitivity in the case of observational studies).