Sentences with phrase «observations of equilibrium»

We have no direct observations of equilibrium climate sensitivity so we have to rely on some form of theory or indirect observations from paleo, at least in part.

Not exact matches

Using global climate models and NASA satellite observations of Earth's energy budget from the last 15 years, the study finds that a warming Earth is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through complex and seemingly paradoxical changes in the atmosphere and the way radiative heat is transported.

The authors report the observation of a bulk nuclear spin polarization of six - percent, which is an NMR signal enhancement of approximately 170,000 times over thermal equilibrium.

Recently observations of the light reflected by these planets provided insight on the cloud distribution on the dayside of these planets: for a handful of planets clouds seem more abundant on the western than on the eastern side of the dayside hemisphere and, more importantly, this asymmetry depends on the equilibrium temperature of the planet.

The decrease over the last 20 years is well substantiated by observation and is indistinguishable from the calculated decline assuming that the surface ocean is in near thermodynamic equilibrium with increasing CO2 concentration of the atmosphere.

The interaction of the forces creates a point of equilibrium where a spacecraft may be «parked» to make observations.

Strictly speaking, Marks» observation is correct, but to see what's actually happening here, it's important to think in terms of equilibrium.

My take from the observations is that each year 1.6 % of the excess CO2 over 280 ppm (the equilibrium) will be absorbed, predominantly as straighforward diffusion.

This Nature Climate Change paper concluded, based purely on simulations by the GISS - E2 - R climate model, that estimates of the transient climate response (TCR) and equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) based on observations over the historical period (~ 1850 to recent times) were biased low.

We consider the Earth without an atmosphere and calculate an temperature on the basis of a radiative equilibrium -LSB-...] Then we obtain nearly 255 K and state that the difference between this value and the mean global temperature amounts to 33 K. Unfortunately, this uniform temperature of the radiative equilibrium has nothing to do with the mean global temperature derived from observations -LSB-...] ``

That was my point, and the level of local thermal equilibrium does not change this observation.

Until an equilibrium temperature is reached, present day observations will not tell us the exact value of the climate's sensitivity to CO2....»

Climate sensitivities estimated from recent observations will therefore be biased low in comparison with CO2 - only simulations owing to an accident of history: when the efficacies of the forcings in the recent historical record are properly taken into account, estimates of [Transient Climate Respons — TCR] and [Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity — ECS] must be revised upwards.

Take a look at this figure from the IPCC AR4, which represents the pdfs or relative likelihoods for equilibrium climate sensitive from a range of studies (both models and observations).

But, nevertheless, Lewis and Curry have generated a very robust observation - based estimate of the equilibrium climate sensitivity.

There is no equilibrium as shown by the card 17, figure 17 - B and figure 17 - F; the mathematical (or statistical) proof by Beenstock et al. that the time series of T (t) and [CO2 (t)-RSB- do not cointegrate and that the only possible correlation is between T (t) and d [CO2 (t)-RSB- / dt is reinforced shown by the simple observations of figure 17 - B and by the figures of Francey (2013) at the end of card n ° 17

The satellite record, in concert with instrumental observations, is now long enough to have collected a population of climate perturbations, wherein the Earth - atmosphere system was disturbed from equilibrium.

Observations suggest that the present day ocean resides in a bistable regime, thereby allowing for multiple equilibria and a stable «off» state of the AMOC (Hawkins et al., 2011).

Spencer and Braswell freely admit that using their simple model is just the first step in a complicated diagnosis, but also point out that the results from simple models provide insight that should help guide the development of more complex models, and ultimately could help unravel some of the mystery as to why full climate models produce high estimates of the earth's equilibrium climate sensitivity, while estimates based in real - world observations are much lower.

Knutti and Hegerl in the November, 2008 Natural Geoscience paper, The equilibrium sensitivity of the Earth's temperature to radiation changes, says various observations favor a climate sensitivity value of about 3 degrees C, with a likely range of about 2 — 4.5 degrees C per the following graphic whereas the current IPCC uncertainty is range is between 1.5 - 4.5 degrees C.

They assert that their results imply that estimates of the transient climate response (TCR) and equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) derived from recent observations are biased low.

Estimates based on recent observations can only be of effective, not equilibrium, climate sensitivity, since the climate system has not reached equilibrium.

The central conclusion of this study is that to disregard the low values of effective climate sensitivity (≈ 1 °C) given by observations on the grounds that they do not agree with the larger values of equilibrium, or effective, climate sensitivity given by GCMs, while the GCMs themselves do not properly represent the observed value of the tropical radiative response coefficient, is a standpoint that needs to be reconsidered.

for article Corrigendum: Equilibrium climate sensitivity in light of observations over the warming hiatus.

for article Equilibrium climate sensitivity in light of observations over the warming hiatus.