Sentences with phrase «observed extreme events»

What are the contributors to observed extreme events and to changes in the frequency and intensity of the observed extremes?

For the first time, investigators will be able to observe the extreme events that shape the planet in real time, remarks John Delaney, a physical oceanographer at the University of Washington.

Not exact matches

«NuSTAR's unprecedented capability for observing this and similar events allows us to study the most extreme light - bending effects of general relativity.»

Researchers observed a 23 % increase in risk of asthma hospitalizations when there was an extreme heat event during summer months.

Based on over a decade of asthma hospitalization data (115,923 cases from 2000 - 2012), researchers observed higher risk of asthma hospitalization after extreme heat or extreme precipitation events.

One of my main research interests is extreme events, and particularly situations where these rare, large events completely dominate the observed phenomena.

«We may observe more black swan events in animal populations in the future because of these climate extremes,» he says.

This is addressed by evaluating change in global or large - scale patterns in the frequency or intensity of extremes (e.g., observed widespread intensification of precipitation extremes attributed to human influence, increase in frequency and intensity of hot extremes) and by event attribution methods.

The following are common characteristics of gifted children, although not all will necessarily apply to every gifted child: • Has an extensive and detailed memory, particularly in a specific area of interest • Has advanced vocabulary for his or her age; uses precocious language • Has communication skills advanced for his or her age and is able to express ideas and feelings • Asks intelligent and complex questions • Is able to identify the important characteristics of new concepts and problems • Learns information quickly • Uses logic in arriving at common sense answers • Has a broad base of knowledge; a large quantity of information • Understands abstract ideas and complex concepts • Uses analogical thinking, problem solving, or reasoning • Observes relationships and sees connections • Finds and solves difficult and unusual problems • Understands principles, forms generalizations, and uses them in new situations • Wants to learn and is curious • Works conscientiously and has a high degree of concentration in areas of interest • Understands and uses various symbol systems • Is reflective about learning • Is enraptured by a specific subject • Has reading comprehension skills advanced for his or her age • Has advanced writing abilities for his or her age • Has strong artistic or musical abilities • Concentrates intensely for long periods of time, particularly in a specific area of interest • Is more aware, stimulated, and affected by surroundings • Experiences extreme positive or negative feelings • Experiences a strong physical reaction to emotion • Has a strong affective memory, re-living or re-feeling things long after the triggering event

This rhythm in storm frequency may explain some of the recently observed increases in extreme precipitation events.

As Judith observed in # 16, the emotional impact of extreme events like Katrina has been sometimes perceived as a good occasion for incriminating GHGs and changing our mind about them.

The study, combining data from observed storms with a variety of climate simulations, did not extend beyond 1999 and so does not assess more recent extreme weather events.

The first question that we want to answer is how rare is that event in observed record: Is this event the most extreme?

But all were extreme events, both in terms of precipitation rates and of cost, of the sort which we expect to become much more frequent given both theory and observed metrics such as precipitable water in the atmosphere.

The study, by British and American scientists, found that the observed peaks in extreme rain events are about twice as high as what global climate simulations produce.

At the tail end of the full paper, capping a paragraph about a weak spot in the analysis — that the observed trend in extreme precipitation events exceeds what is produced by various climate models — comes a sentence about uncertainties:

Recent trends, assessment of human influence on trends, and projections of extreme weather and climate events for which there is evidence of an observed late 20th - century trend.

Evidence that extreme precipitation is increasing is based primarily on analysis1, 2,3 of hourly and daily precipitation observations from the U.S. Cooperative Observer Network, and is supported by observed increases in atmospheric water vapor.4 Recent publications have projected an increase in extreme precipitation events, 1,5 with some areas getting larger increases6 and some getting decreases.7, 2

As the IPCC special report on extreme events put it «There is low confidence in any observed long - term (i.e., 40 years or more) increases in tropical cyclone activity (i.e., intensity, frequency, duration), after accounting for past changes in observing capabilities.»

It consists of nine chapters, covering risk management; observed and projected changes in extreme weather and climate events; exposure and vulnerability to as well as losses resulting from such events; adaptation options from the local to the international scale; the role of sustainable development in modulating risks; and insights from specific case studies.

Meanwhile, this brochure illustrates a qualitative fit between the facts observed about extreme events over the past decade, and the IPCC projections regarding the consequences of climate variability and change.

Changes in the frequency of extreme events coinciding with global warming have already been observed, and there is increasing evidence that some of these changes are caused by the impacts of human activities on the climate.

As shown by Coumou et al. (5) and Comou and Robinson (6), the observed long - term increase in frequency of extreme heat events can, on a global scale, be explained purely thermodynamically as a response to a shift in the mean surface temperatures to warmer values.

Many urban and rural settlements, agricultural production, water supplies, and human health have been observed to be vulnerable to these and other extreme weather events (Figure 26 - 2).

The observed influence of the NAO on extreme precipitation is largest in eastern North America, with the likelihood of a negative phase extreme rainfall event decreased in the north and increased in the south under the positive phase of the NAO.

Her current research includes understanding large - scale temperature extreme events in Alaska and Canada, relating ice core data at the McCall Glacier in Alaska to the large - scale synoptic climatology, and understanding linkages between observed changes in the Arctic and weather in the mid-latitudes.

Increases in some extreme weather and climate events have already been observed in some parts of the world and further increases are projected over the course of this century.

Every day an extreme record is broken in many places and in part that is a consequence of the short history of weather recording and the sheer number of locations where humans are now available to observe weather events that would have gone unnoticed a few decades ago.

A future article will concentrate on the far greater extremes that can be noted in our historic weather events than in the modern record, perhaps not surprising in view of its observed greater variability and considerable historic perturbations.

Changes in some types of extreme events have already been observed, for example, increases in the frequency and intensity of heat waves and heavy precipitation events (see FAQ 3.3).

She continues by observing that «it is likely that both extreme weather events (storms, floods, heat waves) and changes in mean temperatures, precipitation and sea - levels will in many cases contribute to increasing levels of mobility.»

This lack of consensus on the definition of extreme events, coupled with other problems, such as a lack of suitable homogeneous data for many parts of the world, likely means that it will be difficult, if not impossible, to say that extreme events in general have changed in the observed record (emphasis added).»

The 2013 - 2014 California drought is clearly an extreme meteorological event in the context of observed climate of the 20th and early 21st centuries.

# 2 — Yes, increasing specific humidity was been observed for about 20 years now, and is indeed likely to cause — even to be causing — increased precipitation, especially extreme precipitation events.

We also find that observed fluctuations in extreme events in Padova are linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation: increases in the NAO Index are on average associated with an intensification of daily extreme rainfall events.

The major question is whether frequency and intensity of East Asian extreme heat, like the observed 2013 event, has changed due to man - made greenhouse warming.

The IPCC has already concluded that it is «virtually certain that human influence has warmed the global climate system» and that it is «extremely likely that more than half of the observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010» is anthropogenic.1 Its new report outlines the future threats of further global warming: increased scarcity of food and fresh water; extreme weather events; rise in sea level; loss of biodiversity; areas becoming uninhabitable; and mass human migration, conflict and violence.

«One out of 10 record - breaking rainfall events observed globally in the past 30 years can only be explained if the long - term warming is taken into account,» says co-author Dim Coumou, a PIK researcher into the links between atmospheric circulation and extreme weather events.

Box 2.4 offers a global overview of observed and projected changes in extreme weather events.

In addition to rising global temperatures, the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events is one of the clearest already observed effects of climate change.

Lord Carswell observed that the chance of a supervening event occurring may be anywhere on a scale between extreme unlikelihood to virtual certainty.