Sentences with phrase «observed sea ice area»

Not exact matches

«The fact that now a large, ice - free area can be observed in the Weddell Sea confirms our theory and gives us another data point for further model studies,» says Dr. Martin.

While climate models also simulate the observed linear relationship between sea ice area and CO2 emissions, they usually have a much lower sensitivity of the ice cover than has been observed.

AWI researchers observed a considerable decrease in the thickness of the sea ice as early as the late summer of 2015, even though the overall ice covered area of the September minimum ultimately exceeded the record low of 2012 by approximately one million square kilometres.

Complementary analyses of the surface mass balance of Greenland (Tedesco et al, 2011) also show that 2010 was a record year for melt area extent... Extrapolating these melt rates forward to 2050, «the cumulative loss could raise sea level by 15 cm by 2050 ″ for a total of 32 cm (adding in 8 cm from glacial ice caps and 9 cm from thermal expansion)- a number very close to the best estimate of Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009), derived by linking the observed rate of sea level rise to the observed warming.

The total area of sea ice in both hemispheres, by the ice center's accounting, was «near or slightly lower than» area observed at a similar time of year in 1979, not equal to it.

If this thinning would have eliminated ice from areas observed to have sea ice, a minimum thickness of 20 cm was left in place for the ice initial condition.

Ice around Iceland (the number of weeks when ice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea ice extent / area, at least with the annual maximIce around Iceland (the number of weeks when ice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea ice extent / area, at least with the annual maximice was observed in this case) must correlate very well with the arctic sea ice extent / area, at least with the annual maximice extent / area, at least with the annual maximum.

The scientists have measured average sea ice thickness to less than a meter in the area, and observed a late start of the freeze up period.

For example, although the sample size has been very small, studies of radio - collared seals in the Bering and Chukchi Seas observed those seals rarely hauled out at all, on land or sea ice, even when occupying ice covered areas.

In 2017, maximum winter sea ice area, measured each March, was the lowest ever observed.

If this thinning would have eliminated ice from areas observed to have sea ice, a minimum thickness of 20 cm was left in place.

I suspect ExxonMobil may have been heavily influenced by the drop in the sea ice summer surface area observed in 2012.

Since 1950, Arctic sea ice has lost half its area and half its thickness, helping to cause the phenomenon of Arctic amplification − the greater temperature rise (approaching 3 °C) observed in the Arctic than anywhere else on Earth.

Mean sea level (MSL) evolution has a direct impact on coastal areas and is a crucial index of climate change since it reflects both the amount of heat added in the ocean and the mass loss due to land ice melt (e.g. IPCC, 2013; Dieng et al., 2017) Long - term and inter-annual variations of the sea level are observed at global and regional scales.

That's the case in Antarctica, which is geographically very different to the Arctic, where an increase in surface sea ice area, but not total volume, is currently being observed due to increased precipitation and increased surface water run off.

In late August, just 1.58 million square miles of sea ice covered the Arctic Ocean, the smallest such area ever observed by NASA satellites since the space agency began monitoring the Earth's polar ice caps 30 years ago.

pdf cited by Will ««Observed global sea ice area, defined here as a sum of N. Hemisphere and S. Hemisphere sea ice areas, is near or slightly lower than those observed in late 1979Observed global sea ice area, defined here as a sum of N. Hemisphere and S. Hemisphere sea ice areas, is near or slightly lower than those observed in late 1979observed in late 1979.»

The observed effects of cryosphere reduction include modification of river regimes due to enhanced glacial melt, snowmelt advance and enhanced winter base flow; formation of thermokarst terrain and disappearance of surface lakes in thawing permafrost; decrease in potential travel days of vehicles over frozen roads in the Arctic; enhanced potential for glacier hazards and slope instability due to mechanical weakening driven by ice and permafrost melting; regional ocean freshening; sea - level rise due to glacier and ice sheet shrinkage; biotic colonisation and faunal changes in deglaciated terrain; changes in freshwater and marine ecosystems affected by lake - ice and sea - ice reduction; changes in livelihoods; reduced tourism activities related to skiing, ice climbing and scenic activities in cryospheric areas affected by degradation; and increased ease of ship transportation in the Arctic.