Not exact matches
A large number
of additional observations are broadly consistent with the
observed warming and reflect a flow
of heat from the atmosphere into other components
of the
climate system.
«Moreover, the latest developments in
climate science lend greater urgency to the case for action: Effects on natural
systems are already being
observed and recent findings concerning the potential scope and magnitude
of damages from future
warming are increasingly worrisome,» the report says.
A few
of the main points
of the third assessment report issued in 2001 include: An increasing body
of observations gives a collective picture
of a
warming world and other changes in the
climate system; emissions
of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the
climate; confidence in the ability
of models to project future
climate has increased; and there is new and stronger evidence that most
of the
warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.
On Wednesday, Dec. 17, at the American Geophysical Union's Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Noah Diffenbaugh, an associate professor
of environmental Earth
system science at the Stanford School
of Earth Sciences, will discuss approaches to this challenge in a talk titled «Quantifying the Influence
of Observed Global
Warming on the Probability
of Unprecedented Extreme
Climate Events.»
Warming of the
climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many
of the
observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia.
This is evident from the increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing,
observed warming, and understanding
of the
climate system.
Global
warming is the
observed century - scale rise in the average temperature
of Earth's
climate system.
However, the
observed energy imbalance at the top -
of - atmosphere for this recent decade indicates that a net energy flux into the
climate system of about 1 W m − 2 (refs 2, 3) should be producing
warming somewhere in the
system4, 5.
Recognizes that
warming of the
climate system is unequivocal and that most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid twentieth century is very likely due to the increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, as assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change in its Fourth Assessment
climate system is unequivocal and that most
of the
observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid twentieth century is very likely due to the increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations, as assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel for
Climate Change in its Fourth Assessment
Climate Change in its Fourth Assessment Report;
The IPCC concluded that «the effects [
of greenhouse gases], together with those
of other anthropogenic drivers, have been detected throughout the
climate system and are extremely likely to have been the dominant cause
of the
observed warming since the mid-20th century.»
These
systems likely contribute to an
observed regional trend
of increasing extreme rainfall, and poor prediction
of them likely contributes to a
warm, dry bias in
climate models downstream
of the Sierras de Córdoba in a key agricultural region.
It is also something quite different from «AGW», i.e. the scientifically based hypothesis that the
observed LW energy absorption characteristics
of CO2 (and other GHGs) would lead to a significant
warming in our
climate system with increased concentrations
of these GHGs resulting from human GHG emissions (principally CO2), which is cited as the underlying scientific basis for the «CAGW» premise
of IPCC.
Final Text: The headline message to this section states that human influence on the
climate system is clear as it is evident from the increasing GHG concentrations in the atmosphere, positive radiative forcing,
observed warming, and understanding
of the
climate system.
A wide range
of observed climate indicators continue to show changes that are consistent with a globally
warming world, and our understanding
of how the
climate system works.
As professional scientists, from students to senior professors, we uphold the findings
of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report, which concludes that «
Warming of the
climate system is unequivocal» and that «Most
of the
observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the
observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations».
Given that «causes
of the earlier
warming are less clear ``, our understanding
of Earth's
climate system is rudimentary at best, and our historical record is laughably brief, it is confounding how the IPCC can be so «extremely» sure «that human influence has been the dominant cause
of the
observed warming since the mid-20th century», which is «not statistically significantly different» from the natural
warming that occurred between 1910 — 1940.
Tropical cyclone activity and intensity increasing Record droughts, floods, heat waves, cold spells, high tides occurring Unequivocal
warming of the
climate system observed with very high confidence that human activities are to blame Temperature rising even more dramatically in Arctic, threatening ice loss and extinction
of species Halving human CO2 emissions immediately might save the planet from catastrophe.
Global
warming and
climate change are terms for the
observed century - scale rise in the average temperature
of the Earth's
climate system and its related effects.
If
observed warming is attributed to CO2 and there are other, unknown, components
of the
climate system, the parameterisation will be incorrect.
While it is generally accepted that the
observed reduction
of the Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover extent (SCE) is linked to
warming of the
climate system caused by human induced greenhouse gas emissions, it has been difficult to robustly quantify the anthropogenic contribution to the
observed change.
«When compared to the
observed response
of the
climate system, the computer simulations all have forecast
warming trends much steeper over the last several decades than measured.
«The assessment is supported additionally by a complementary analysis in which the parameters
of an Earth
System Model
of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) were constrained using observations
of near - surface temperature and ocean heat content, as well as prior information on the magnitudes
of forcings, and which concluded that GHGs have caused 0.6 °C to 1.1 °C (5 to 95 % uncertainty)
warming since the mid-20th century (Huber and Knutti, 2011); an analysis by Wigley and Santer (2013), who used an energy balance model and RF and
climate sensitivity estimates from AR4, and they concluded that there was about a 93 % chance that GHGs caused a
warming greater than
observed over the 1950 — 2005 period; and earlier detection and attribution studies assessed in the AR4 (Hegerl et al., 2007b).»
With the ever increasing divergence
of surface temperatures (NASA GISS) from satellite ones (UAH / RSS), and the subsequent divergence
of overheated
climate models (IPCC CMIP5) to
observed reality, it is worth some background on the atmospheric temperature measurement
systems used to measure the temperature
of the lower troposphere — the exact place where global
warming theory is meant to occur and be measured:
To achieve the
observed climate consequences a mere redistribution
of energy in the
system both vertically and horizontally is all we need and indeed that is exactly what we do see with the current
warm anomalies at poles and in the tropics with cold anomalies in mid latitudes.
The quote refers to our observation
system which is inadequate to
observe Earth's energy flows at the accuracy needed to understand small fluctuations in
climate; it does not mean there is no global
warming, as is often interpreted by the likes
of Danaher.
The predominant summary statements from the TAR WGI strengthened the SAR's attribution statement: «An increasing body
of observations gives a collective picture
of a
warming world and other changes in the
climate system», and «There is new and stronger evidence that most
of the
warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.»
The
observed warming rate has varied from year to year, decade to decade, and place to place, as is expected from our understanding
of the
climate system.
The IPCC has already concluded that it is «virtually certain that human influence has
warmed the global
climate system» and that it is «extremely likely that more than half
of the
observed increase in global average surface temperature from 1951 to 2010» is anthropogenic.1 Its new report outlines the future threats
of further global
warming: increased scarcity
of food and fresh water; extreme weather events; rise in sea level; loss
of biodiversity; areas becoming uninhabitable; and mass human migration, conflict and violence.