It is a technology, which purpose is
obtaining embryonic stem cells for research and use in the treatment of various human diseases.
The process of
obtaining embryonic stem cells results in the destruction of an early - stage human embryo.
Obtaining embryonic stem cells through cloning would mean breeding human life specifically for destruction.
Human cloning has been proposed as a means of generating human embryos that can be destroyed to
obtain embryonic stem cells.
For most in the scientific community, the debate was never truly about whether adult stem cells or embryonic stem cells would be the most useful therapeutically or whether we could
obtain embryonic - like stem cells without destroying embryos.
In recent years, researchers have tried to find ways to
obtain embryonic stem cells without destroying the embryos.
Not exact matches
For example, ten or twenty years from now, the physician's tools may include
embryonic stem cells or products
obtained from cloned embryos and fetuses gestated for that purpose, making physicians who provide such treatments complicit in the life destruction required to
obtain the modalities.
In the initial stages of the research project, Yaniv's team members Julian Nicenboim and Dr. Guy Malkinson
obtained images of developing zebrafish embryos, whose transparent bodies make it possible to document
embryonic development in real time over several days.
Advanced Cell Technology, based in Santa Monica California, is developing
embryonic stem cell therapies for macular degeneration and other conditions using cells
obtained non-destructively from an early embryo called a blastocyst.
Next, the research team will examine specifically whether these liver cells
obtained from human
embryonic stem cells in a dish help repair injured livers in preclinical animal models of liver disease.
They are easier than
embryonic stem cells to come by and they match the genetic background of the person from whom they were
obtained.
This is a video of rotating view of neural precursor cell tracks
obtained from the cell lineage reconstruction of early Drosophila
embryonic nervous system development.
Twenty percent of the cells cloned in this way grew into early embryos, called blastocysts, and 5 percent of them yielded
embryonic stem cells, which is comparable with results
obtained from unfertilized eggs.
As an alternative to harvesting them from embryos, scientists can also
obtain pluripotent stem cells by treating mature somatic cells with a cocktail of transcription factors to regress them so that they are nearly as flexible as
embryonic stem cells.
In comparison with the cells
obtained with the technique developed by Yamanaka, the stem cells
obtained by CNIO therefore represent an even earlier
embryonic state, with greater capacity for differentiation.
Experiments conducted by lead author Fatima Syed - Picard, Ph.D., also of Pitt's Department of Ophthalmology, and the team showed that stem cells of the dental pulp,
obtained from routine human third molar, or wisdom tooth, extractions performed at Pitt's School of Dental Medicine, could be turned into corneal stromal cells called keratocytes, which have the same
embryonic origin.
But of course, posed this way the question does not distinguish between stem cells
obtained in different ways (and indeed it is sensible to assume that those who expressed opposition in response to this question believed they were being asked about
embryonic stem cells, although the survey does not allow us to know that with confidence).
Yamanaka believed that research that inherently depended on the routine destruction of human
embryonic life could not continue and another way to
obtain pluripotent stem cells had to be found.
Similar results were
obtained when the toxicity of niclosamide and oxyclozanide were evaluated against HEK293 human
embryonic kidney cells [35, 36].
Over the years researchers have been making aggregates of
embryonic stem cells to
obtain certain cell types, for example red blood cells.
The generation of RGCs from RPCs utilized CM
obtained from
embryonic day 14 rat retinal cells, a time point which represents the peak of RGC generation in the rodent retina.
Dr. Tajonar
obtained her PhD in the laboratory of Prof. Douglas Melton at Harvard University in 2012 where she studied mechanisms of self - renewal and survival in human
embryonic stem cells.
Obtaining patents in Europe remains a challenge in view of the European Patent Office's changing laws and guidelines with respect to inventions directed to
embryonic stem cells.
Our improved IVM culture conditions may be used for
obtaining mature oocytes for clinical purposes and / or for derivation of
embryonic stem cells following parthenogenesis or nuclear transfer.
Embryonic stem cells are
obtained from early embryos (between 5.5 and 7.5 days of development post-fertilization).
Created in 2005 through a collaboration between Inserm — National Institute of Health and Medical Research — and AFM - Telethon — French Association against Myopathies — I - Stem is the largest French laboratory for research and development dedicated to human pluripotent stem cells, of
embryonic origin or
obtained by reprogramming gene.
Mouse
embryonic stem cells with one allele of Melk inserted with lacZ and neomycin - resistance genes between exon 2 and 3 were
obtained from the Knockout Mouse Project (KOMP; ID: CSD33136).