Then he contends that the living occasions of a cell «in abstraction from the inorganic
occasions of the animal body» do not «form a corpuscular sub-society, so that each living occasion is a member of an enduring entity with its personal order» (PR 158).
The dominant
occasions of the animal, on the other hand, have serial or personal order of the kind definitive of enduring objects, thereby maintaining a high degree of continuity through time.
Value is located finally in the individual occasion, in this case, most significantly, in the individual
occasion of animal experience.
For Beth, it's just gravy, getting Freeway back, since the film's title, as it turns out, alludes not to the dog she rescued alongside a busy interstate, but her husband, Joseph, who was more provider than partner, before
the occasion of the animal's disappearance forces the busy professional to spend time with his neglected wife.
Not exact matches
To be specific, a human being or higher - order
animal organism is an ongoing subject
of experience in and through its dominant subsociety
of occasions; but the coordination therewith required to sustain the flow
of consciousness can only be achieved through the collaboration and coordination
of millions
of sub-fields
of activity, subordinate layers
of social order, within the organism.
Even the passage from without to within the
animal body is the enhancement
of the mental pole in the
occasions.
Although Whitehead's Category
of the Ultimate is meant to lessen the distance, so to speak, between actual
occasions and societies
of actual
occasions, the application
of Whitehead's metaphysics to persons seems troublesome; the ancient metaphysical problem
of appearance and reality seems to lurk in the background, for the philosopher who wishes to identify res vera in the system soon finds herself perplexed, asking if the subjects
of experience are actual
occasions, societies
of occasions, or sentient beings, such as persons and
animals.1
The stream
of conscious experience and synthetic activity is the dominant society
of actual
occasions in human (and
animal) bodies, being influenced by subordinate organic processes in those bodies, then influencing them in turn in an ongoing dialectic
of causality and creativity.
Whitehead notes this limitation, for while he freely allows that
animals are capable
of morality, because morality emphasizes the «detailed
occasion,» he states that they are not religious, because religion requires a grasp
of pure ideality.
The objects
of our ordinary experience, things such as rocks, trees,
animals and persons are composites or groupings
of what we have been calling
occasions of experience.
Whitehead did not speculate on the precise location
of memory within the
animal organism, but the most plausible extension
of his theory suggests rather that memories are maintained for the soul by other
occasions, thereby freeing the soul for its adventure into novelty.2 The way in which the conscious ego draws upon the ocean
of unconscious feeling which sustains it may well reflect the way the soul draws upon other living
occasions.
(1) human life (2)
animal life (3) vegetable life (4) single living cells (5) large scale inorganic aggregates
of occasions (6) energy - events disclosed by modern physics
Ontologically speaking, the dominant
occasion of experience is not different from the other
occasions of experience with which it jointly constitutes the psychophysical
animal organism.
Also in the case
of animals, it is often best to speak
of dominant
occasions of experience to refer to that entity which in man is organized as soul.
Similarly, the aims for most living
occasions include no (or few) hybrid prehensions, whereas the aim for a dominant
occasion in an
animal organism is heavily weighted toward hybrid prehensions
of past dominant
occasions, which in the case
of higher organisms jointly constitute the soul or living person.
One
of the three high gods, Vishnu, is believed
of his free choice on
occasion to have taken bodily form as an
animal or as a human being,
In the society
of a live
animal body there are such
occasions, together called an «entirely living nexus,» (PR 103) that may assume dominance over the body.
The second and more important basis for comparing men and other
animals has to do with the quality
of the
occasions constituting their souls.
In vegetables and perhaps in very simple
animals no such dominant
occasion occurs, but in the higher organisms, especially where a fully developed central nervous system and brain is found, there is strong indication
of centralized control
of many aspects
of the
animals behavior.
Wherever there is evidence
of some centralized dominance in the
animal organism, he assumes that a dominant
occasion is present; and to whatever degree such dominant
occasions have significant serial order, they jointly constitute a soul.
In the case
of humans, and presumably
of the higher
animals as well, these dominant
occasions are so ordered as to constitute enduring objects.
Some
of you may remember that Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, had
occasion to remark that man is a social
animal.
With the evolutionary emergence
of complex, ordered societies
of occasions serving the rich and imaginative experience
of strands
of «presiding
occasions» which exhibit «personal order «4 and perhaps consciousness — that is,
animals and human beings, with their quicksilver brains and supple bodies — opportunities expand exponentially and the risks
of freedom expand correlatively.
The
animal does have a series
of unifying, dominant
occasions which jointly constitute the psyche, but even these can exist only in the interstitial spaces in the brain.
But when dominant
occasions in
animals and the
occasions in empty space in cells are included in the
animal and cellular societies, then the activities
of the societies can be explained by the activities
of the components when they are components
of those societies.
The difference is that in man and the higher
animals there is a unique coordination
of many such
occasions over a particular area called the body, and a unique inheritance
of past
occasions that is able consciously to identify a self through history.
All new patterns
of efficient causation in
animal bodies can be traced to some
occasions» subjective aims.
-- commonly prove fruitless because someone proposes, in effect, that we try to consider the life
of an
animal as though it were one
of Whitehead's
occasions, with a single subjective aim determining the whole course
of its life.
The proper interpretation
of Lamarckian notions in genetics thus depends fully on knowing «what» we are talking about: all new patterns
of efficient causation in
animal bodies can be traced to some
occasions» subjective aims.
The basic structure that makes these dominant
occasions possible emerged with the development
of the central nervous system in
animals, and where this structure is present, it is reasonable, as Thorpe does, to posit consciousness as present to some degree.
Given a system or composite
of individuals, all on a comparable level, for instance molecular or cellular, then in some cases, given integration
of activities (thus molecules in a cell, or cells in a vertebrate
animal), there may be what Leibniz called a «dominant monad» or what Whitehead calls a «society
of presiding
occasions.»
Whitehead notes that the upward thrust
of evolution has produced
animals increasingly able to adapt the environment to themselves (FR 4 - 5), and this suggests that «adaptation» concerns not only an
occasion's mode
of responding to a given world but also its mode
of altering the world beyond itself.
Whitehead states that «in an
animal body the presiding
occasion if there be one, is the final node, or intersection,
of a complex structure
of many enduring objects» (PR 166f) and that an enduring object is «formed by the inheritance from presiding
occasion to presiding
occasion» (PR 167).
Being a family
of farmers, several
animals would be sacrificed for the
occasion, as the meal was heavily meat - based: every year, the menu included roast duck or Guinea fowl, pan-braised rabbit, roast potatoes and vegetables.
I eat a pretty strict «Primal Blueprint» diet... no grains, legumes, refined sugar, LOTS
of animal protein, healthy fats, nuts, seeds and vegetables with a limited dairy intake... BUT I do enjoy a Meatless Monday on
occasion.
A small percentage
of animals may need to be stunned again before losing sensibility, and on rare
occasions animals may even «wake up» during the slaughter process.
Buffon's comments after the match, in which he questioned the character
of Oliver — calling him «a killer, an
animal» with «a garbage bin in the place
of a heart» — were classic reactionary statements to what was an emotional
occasion.
Whether you're a fan
of studs or lacing, pebbled leather or
animal embossed, there's definitely a piece to suit every mood,
occasion and style when it comes to Linea Pelle.
Answer any
of your child's questions beforehand, such as where she'll sleep, and then help her get ready for the big
occasion (don't forget to pack her stuffed
animal, baby doll, or blanket for extra security).
Another great idea with
animal toys comes into play if you live overseas from the child, you can send some
animal toys native to the country you are in so then those toys will always be remembered as being from you, and you've got a good idea
of other ones to get for the next gift giving
occasion!
Even where great efforts are made to prevent bacterial infections through
animal husbandry techniques, bio-security and use
of vaccines, there are
occasions when
animals will become sick and require treatment with an antibiotic.
But the
occasion offered some telling indications
of the flaws inherent in the political
animal.
An evolutionary tree
of tortoises shows the
animals have become gigantic on at least seven
occasions — and that they did not do so where we thought
Of course, paintings and engravings depicting European colonists, wagons, soldiers and domestic animals may well be records of real events rather than ritual occasion
Of course, paintings and engravings depicting European colonists, wagons, soldiers and domestic
animals may well be records
of real events rather than ritual occasion
of real events rather than ritual
occasions.
The relatively few
animals that manage the lifestyle are indeed remarkable: some insects and other arthropods, a few mollusks, some fishes, birds on
occasion and,
of course, three kinds
of bats.
But with no evidence
of a large asymptomatic population so far, Kellam and his colleagues favor a second scenario: MERS evolved and diversified in
animals and then infected humans on multiple
occasions.
The team found that the home ranges
of individual pandas overlapped and on a few
occasions, two
animals spent several weeks in close proximity.
AquaBounty's gruelling path from scientific discovery to market terrified others working in
animal biotechnology, and almost put the company out
of business on several
occasions.
Take it from Isa Chandra Moskowitz, the bestselling cookbook author behind the new Superfun Times Vegan Holiday Cookbook ($ 32, amazon.com), which is packed with crowd - pleasing,
animal - product - free recipes for Thanksgiving and almost every other
occasion you can think
of (Cindo de Mayo included).
It is clear from the anthropological record, evolutionary biology and basic anatomy humans are acid digesters, not hindgut or ruminant digesters and thus evolved to be fat burning
animals which are uniquely capable
of metabolizing sugar on those seasonal
occasions where fruits, berries or tubers were ripe.