The Jehol birds faced competition with pterosaurs, and
occupied sympatric habitats with nonavian theropods, some of which consumed birds.
Channel Islands slender salamanders are broadly
sympatric with black - bellied slender salamanders (B. nigriventris) on Santa Cruz Island, where both species tend to
occupy similar habitats (Campbell, 1931b; Schoenherr et al., 1999).