Sentences with phrase «ocean and atmosphere components»

Among the dynamic models, 9 are fully - coupled (with sea ice, ocean and atmosphere components) and 5 are ice - ocean only.

Not exact matches

Venus has an «electric wind» strong enough to remove the components of water from its upper atmosphere, which may have played a significant role in stripping the planet of its oceans, according to a new study by NASA and UCL researchers.

CESM is a fully - coupled Earth System model, meaning all components of the Earth (atmosphere, land, ocean and cryosphere) «talk» to each other in the model.

The relatively slow progress can partially be explained by the fact that improving sea ice simulation requires improvements in both the atmosphere and ocean components in addition to the sea ice component itself.

It belongs to the class of ice - ocean models that have components for the sea ice and the ocean, but no interactive atmosphere.

The paper illustrates the importance of remembering that the atmosphere and ocean surface are just a small component of the Earth's climate system — with the ocean depths having a vast capacity to absorb and move heat on time scales ranging from years to centuries and longer.

There is a significant component of «synoptic» variability in the ocean as well (eddies etc.) and so while the variation is less than in the atmosphere, for many areas there aren't / weren't sufficient independent observations to be sure of the mean values.

First, the more appropriate scientific definition of climate is that it is a system involving the oceans, land, atmosphere and continental ice sheets with interfacial fluxes between these components, as we concluded in the 2005 National Research Council report.

(1) The «fast response» component of the climate system, consisting of the atmosphere coupled to a mixed layer upper ocean, has very little natural variability on the decadal and longer time scale.

Jane Lubchenco, a marine biologist with a passion for improving public understanding of science, has been tapped by President - elect Barack Obama to run the government agency responsible for understanding and conserving two vital components of the planet — the oceans and atmosphere (a choice first reported by Juliet Eilperin of the Washington Post).

If as I suggest one includes the much denser oceans as a component of atmosphere then increases in CO2 become irredeemably trivial in terms of their power to alter overall density and thus the global heat retaining process.

Additional simulations used a hierarchy of coupled ocean - atmosphere models combining different atmosphere and ocean components.

If as I suggest one includes the much denser oceans as a component of atmosphere then increases in CO2 become irredeemably trivial in terms of their power to alter overall density and the speed of energy throughput and thus the global heat retaining process.

Coverage includes original paleoclimatic, diagnostic, analytical and numerical modeling research on the structure and behavior of the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, biomass and land surface as interacting components of the dynamics of global climate.

Sea ice is an important component of the Earth system; it is highly reflective, altering the amount of solar radiation that is absorbed; it changes the salinity of the ocean where it forms and melts, and it acts as a barrier to the exchange of heat and momentum fluxes between the atmosphere and ocean.

Climate models are like weather models for the atmosphere and land, except they have to additionally predict the ocean currents, sea - ice changes, include seasonal vegetation effects, possibly even predict vegetation changes, include aerosols and possibly atmospheric chemistry, so they are not like weather models after all, except for the atmospheric dynamics, land surface, and cloud / precipitation component.

The physical components of the earth, from its atmosphere to its oceans, closely integrate with all of its living organisms to maintain climatic chemistry in a self - regulating balance ideal for the maintenance and propagation of life.

Each of these components, C1, C2 and C3, is then associated with some fraction of the emissions into the atmosphere, E, and a particular removal mechanism: where b3 (= 0.1) is a fixed constant representing the Revelle buffer factor, and b1 is a fixed constant such that b1 + b3 = 0.3 [11]; b1 represents the fraction of atmospheric CO2 that would remain in the atmosphere following an injection of carbon in the absence of the equilibrium response and ocean advection; b0 represents an adjustable time constant, the inverse of which is of order 200 years.

The rainfall - evaporation interchange between the oceans and the atmosphere is by far the largest component of the hydrologic cycle.

OWASLT = Sum (Temp x Mass x Heat Capacity) / Sum (Mass x Heat Capacity), and looking at all pieces of mass components in the atmosphere + mass in the ocean (say down to 2000m or whatever depth would appropriate with respect to available global data & that should rightfully be included for an all inclusive weighted average temperature like this).

You are probably also aware already that water vapor is as much if not more of a so called greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide is and there is a lot of evaporating ocean water on the planet not to mention clouds and high tropical humidity because hot air provides added space in the atmosphere for water vapor gas to become a major component of air.

The atmosphere, land, and sea ice components communicate every 30 min whereas the ocean component is coupled with atmosphere once a day.

Earth System Models are mathematical descriptions of the real world at the cutting edge of understanding how our planet works and the links between the main components of the oceans, vegetation, ice and desert, gases in the atmosphere, and the carbon cycle, as well as numerous other components.

It features components for the atmosphere, ocean, ocean sediment, land biosphere, and lithosphere and has been designed for global climate change simulations on time scales from years to millions of years.

The Service will provide comprehensive climate information covering a wide range of components of the Earth - system (atmosphere, land, ocean, sea - ice and carbon) and timescales spanning decades to centuries (i.e. based on the instrumental record).

We examine the annular mode within each hemisphere (defined here as the leading empirical orthogonal function and principal component of hemispheric sea level pressure) as simulated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report ensembles of coupled ocean - atmosphere models.

RealClimate is wonderful, and an excellent source of reliable information.As I've said before, methane is an extremely dangerous component to global warming.Comment # 20 is correct.There is a sharp melting point to frozen methane.A huge increase in the release of methane could happen within the next 50 years.At what point in the Earth's temperature rise and the rise of co2 would a huge methane melt occur?No one has answered that definitive issue.If I ask you all at what point would huge amounts of extra methane start melting, i.e at what temperature rise of the ocean near the Artic methane ice deposits would the methane melt, or at what point in the rise of co2 concentrations in the atmosphere would the methane melt, I believe that no one could currently tell me the actual answer as to where the sharp melting point exists.Of course, once that tipping point has been reached, and billions of tons of methane outgass from what had been locked stores of methane, locked away for an eternity, it is exactly the same as the burning of stored fossil fuels which have been stored for an eternity as well.And even though methane does not have as long a life as co2, while it is around in the air it can cause other tipping points, i.e. permafrost melting, to arrive much sooner.I will reiterate what I've said before on this and other sites.Methane is a hugely underreported, underestimated risk.How about RealClimate attempts to model exactly what would happen to other tipping points, such as the melting permafrost, if indeed a huge increase in the melting of the methal hydrate ice WERE to occur within the next 50 years.My amateur guess is that the huge, albeit temporary, increase in methane over even three or four decades might push other relevent tipping points to arrive much, much, sooner than they normally would, thereby vastly incresing negative feedback mechanisms.We KNOW that quick, huge, changes occured in the Earth's climate in the past.See other relevent posts in the past from Realclimate.Climate often does not change slowly, but undergoes huge, quick, changes periodically, due to negative feedbacks accumulating, and tipping the climate to a quick change.Why should the danger from huge potential methane releases be vievwed with any less trepidation?

Called ModelE, it provides the ability to simulate many different configurations of Earth System Models — including interactive atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, carbon cycle and other tracers, as well as the standard atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and land surface components.

The oceans have the ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere, and together with terrestrial ecosystems are essential components controlling atmospheric pCO2 levels and global climate [1].

Use the calculated fluxes to force the surface component of a climate model (without the atmosphere), including the ocean, sea ice, and land subsystem models, for the baseline (preindustrial) and the doubled CO2 forcing.

Or its origins may be internal to the climate system and arise from interactions between the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere, and land surface, which depend on the very different thermal inertia of these components.

Feedbacks between different components of the Earth system (atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, cryosphere, and oceans in the hydrosphere) are being increasingly recognized as influences of global and regional climate.

For a comprehensive GCM I can count oceans, land, atmosphere, ice, biological processes, organic and inorganic chemical processes, human - made sources and other effects, radiative energy transport, conduction and convective heat transfer, phase change, clouds and aerosols, as some of the important system components, phenomena, and processes.

As reanalysis datasets become more diverse (atmosphere, ocean and land components), more complete (moving towards Earth - system coupled reanalysis), more detailed, and of longer timespan, community efforts to evaluate and intercompare them become more important.