Sentences with phrase «ocean and atmosphere influences»

The project, called the Arctic Ice Dynamics Joint Experiment, was the first major study of how sea - ice moves and changes due to ocean and atmosphere influences.

The induction of kinetic energy from the land surface materialing interacting with available incident photons is a primary source of kinetic energy, via conduction and convection, to the oceans and atmosphere influencing both.

Not exact matches

Science questions the answers, e.g. hurricanes are caused by warm moist ocean air being drawn up into the cooler atmosphere and creating a wind pattern though we are still open to consider other factors that may have influence on this cycle.

A study led by scientists at the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that the ocean currents influence the heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scOcean Research Kiel shows that the ocean currents influence the heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scocean currents influence the heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scocean and atmosphere and thus can explain climate variability on decadal time scales.

«I never considered that weather events tens of kilometers high in the atmosphere significantly influence the decadal - to century - scale circulation kilometers deep into the ocean,» says climatologist Judah Cohen of Atmospheric and Environmental Research in Lexington, Massachusetts, who did not take part in this study.

The models must track how carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases cycle through the whole system — how the gases interact with plant life, oceans, the atmosphere — and how this influences overall global temperatures.

That region, he says, is susceptible to even small amounts of warming and cooling from the atmosphere — and how cold the water gets influences how much or how little it sinks, thereby driving or delaying, respectively, the ocean conveyer belt.

The next step was see how those factors were influenced by ENSO; while El Niños and La Niñas are defined by how much warmer or colder than normal tropical Pacific ocean waters are, they trigger a cascade of reactions in the atmosphere that can alter weather patterns around the globe.

«The tropical Pacific ocean - atmosphere system has been called a sleeping dragon because of how it can influence climate elsewhere,» said lead author Aradhna Tripati, a UCLA assistant professor in the departments of Earth, planetary and space sciences, and atmospheric and oceanic sciences.

When these worms began to mix up the ocean floor's sediments (a process known as bioturbation), their activity came to significantly influence the ocean's phosphorus cycle and as a result, the amount of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere.

Covering nearly 5.5 million square miles, the frozen mass exerts an enormous influence on the global climate, reflecting sunlight back into space and cooling Earth's atmosphere and oceans.

For half a century, the Florida State University Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute (GFDI) has been a global leader in the study of fluid flow and motion — the ways that the circulation of liquids and gases influence our oceans, atmosphere and groundwater.

Together with shipboard and satellite data, the global network of measuring sites provides further understanding of the ocean - atmosphere system and its influence on global climate and biological productivity.

These changes might influence interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere such as the air - sea gas exchange and the emission of sea - spray aerosols that can scatter solar radiation or contribute to the formation of clouds.

ENSO events, for example, can warm or cool ocean surface temperatures through exchange of heat between the surface and the reservoir stored beneath the oceanic mixed layer, and by changing the distribution and extent of cloud cover (which influences the radiative balance in the lower atmosphere).

The latter is almost linearly related to changes in ice sheet volume; the former, however, is influenced by a range of factors, including atmosphere / ocean dynamics and changes in Earth's gravitational field, rotation, and crustal and the mantle deformation associated with the redistribution of mass between land ice and the ocean.

The atmosphere is simply electrifying as suspense builds throughout the live shows, and the ocean breeze reminds visitors that they are in a very spiritual island; influenced by centuries of beliefs in the mystical and divine.

Human influence has been detected in warming of the atmosphere and the ocean, in changes in the global water cycle, in reductions in snow and ice, in global mean sea level rise, and in changes in some climate extremes.

ENSO events, for example, can warm or cool ocean surface temperatures through exchange of heat between the surface and the reservoir stored beneath the oceanic mixed layer, and by changing the distribution and extent of cloud cover (which influences the radiative balance in the lower atmosphere).

At the Paris meeting, nearly 2,000 participants, from countries on all continents and at all levels of development, flowed through dozens of sessions examining an array of policies and actions at all scales that could limit our influence on the atmosphere and oceans and limit risks that changes in the climate will derail human progress.

And since the 1970 ′ s on average there's about a 4 % increase in water vapor over the Atlantic Ocean and when that gets caught into a storm, it invigorates the storm so the storm itself changes, and that can easily double the influence of that water vapor and so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmospheAnd since the 1970 ′ s on average there's about a 4 % increase in water vapor over the Atlantic Ocean and when that gets caught into a storm, it invigorates the storm so the storm itself changes, and that can easily double the influence of that water vapor and so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmospheand when that gets caught into a storm, it invigorates the storm so the storm itself changes, and that can easily double the influence of that water vapor and so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmospheand that can easily double the influence of that water vapor and so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmospheand so you can get up to an 8 % increase, straight from the amount of water vapor that's sort of hanging around in the atmosphere.

We know that the number of tropical cyclones is influenced by several factors: the seasonal cycle, the geography, ocean temperatures and the wind structure in the atmosphere.

Since Mars has no oceans and a thin atmosphere, the thermal inertia is low, and Martian climate is easily perturbed by external influences, including solar variations.

So with this reasoning, I have convinced myself that the initial conditions and short term variability of the ocean / atmosphere may well be very important in influencing the ultimate longer term trajectory of the climate system.

These must have an important effect on latent and sensible heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere, and ultimately influence the TOA radiative imbalance and the ocean heat storage.

Roger Revelle, one of the pioneering researchers in the study of the human influence on the atmosphere, carbon cycle and climate, gave a prescient lecture on carbon dioxide, climate and the oceans in 1980 that was recorded by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and now surfaces via the Web site Climate Science TV.

Human influence has been detected in warming of the atmosphere and the ocean, in changes in the global water cycle, in reductions in snow and ice, in global mean sea level rise, and in changes in some climate extremes (see Figure SPM.6 and Table SPM.1).

(3) Subordinate to solar activity alone, atmospheric water vapor / cloud formation and movement is the largest known variable that influences temperature changes in the atmosphere of the earth, and the earth's oceans.

While the individual flows are relative huge, the fact that oceans and vegetation are each opposite makes that the influence in the atmosphere is resticted: 16 ppmv in Barrow, 8 ppmv at MLO, 2 ppmv at the south pole.

Dan Barrie, program manager at NOAA, called the research «compelling» and said: «[It] provides a powerful illustration of how the remote eastern tropical Pacific guides the behaviour of the global ocean - atmosphere system, in this case exhibiting a discernible influence on the recent hiatus in global warming.»

The interaction of ocean and atmosphere is a complicated one, with a number of factors at work that influence the growth of sea ice.

GFDL's research encompasses the predictability and sensitivity of global and regional climate; the structure, variability, dynamics and interaction of the atmosphere and the ocean; and he ways that the atmosphere and oceans influence, and are influenced by various trace constituents.

Plants and plankton influence the composition of the atmosphere, play a part in the water cycle, and regulate ocean chemistry.

The evolution of El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability can be characterized by various ocean - atmosphere feedbacks, for example, the influence of ENSO related sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the low - level wind and surface heat fluxes in the equatorial tropical Pacific, which in turn affects the evolution of the SST.

New research by Misra and Mishra in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres shows that differences in the ocean bathymetry (or topography) of two novel numerical climate model integrations can influence the ocean currents and their impact on regional climate.

Obviously, any portion of the atmosphere / ocean is influenced by its neighbors, and them by theirs, etc..

Henry's Law still holds, as the amount of free CO2 in the water follows the increase in the atmosphere, but free CO2 is less than 1 % of the total amount of carbon in the oceans surface layer, the bulk are bicarbonates and carbonates, which don't follow Henry's Law, but influence the amount of free CO2.

In times when the oceans are warming, there could be several factors that influence this, each with varying contributions based on natural and / or anthropogenic variability: 1) Greater solar output 2) Less aerosols in the atmosphere 3) Less cloudiness (especially of a certain type) 4) Increased greenhouse gases

These two mechanisms are so strongly dependent on the temperature difference between the ocean surface ant the atmosphere that the net influence on the skin temperature and on the net heat transfer between the ocean and the atmosphere is negligible.

Regardless of near term outcomes — it is odds on for a cooler sun and more upwelling in the Pacific Ocean this century — providing a cooling influence on the oceans and atmosphere and the inevitable regional variability in rainfall.

Ice significantly reduces the heat flux between ocean and atmosphere; through its high albedo it has a strong influence on the radiation budget of the entire Arctic.

That suggests that cooling may start with changes in the ocean circulation, influencing the northern sea surface and atmosphere, said co-author Jerry McManus, a professor at Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory.

And because the Arctic is the fastest - warming region on Earth, and because atmosphere and ocean influence each other, the steady loss of sea ice each year has forced a change in wind patterAnd because the Arctic is the fastest - warming region on Earth, and because atmosphere and ocean influence each other, the steady loss of sea ice each year has forced a change in wind patterand because atmosphere and ocean influence each other, the steady loss of sea ice each year has forced a change in wind patterand ocean influence each other, the steady loss of sea ice each year has forced a change in wind patterns.

[click, Image 2] Climate predictions are focused on longer - term influences of the sun, oceans, land, and ice on the atmosphere.

The fractal properties of the ice cover and its extreme variability strongly influence the atmosphere - ocean interactions and the dynamics of the Arctic marine ecosystems.

Detecting trends in Atlantic and eastern North Pacific hurricane activity is challenged by a lack of consistent historical data and limited understanding of all of the complex interactions between the atmosphere and ocean that influence hurricanes.4, 5,6

Solar UV influences on ocean / atmosphere coupling — as Lockwood and others have suggested recently — seems a more likely mechanism in climatologically important tropical marine zones.

Since the ocean temperature affects the air above the water and movements of air in the atmosphere contribute to our weather, El Niño can influence weather patterns.

As the term implies, global warming is the gradual increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere and ocean due to human influences.

These areas of open water influence: (1) the land by allowing more ocean waves and more coastal erosion, (2) Greenland outlet glaciers by exposing the glacier fronts to warmer ocean waters, and (3) the atmosphere by providing a source of heat and moisture during autumn.