The carbon cycle effects of the geoengineering might delay that outcome in
the ocean by a few years but wouldn't prevent those outcomes from occurring,» he said.
Not exact matches
It's an emergency surgical intervention meant to undo damage caused
by human activity both in the
oceans and on dry land, and it has been shown to work — bringing dead reef sections back from the edge in just a
few years.
Taking a bite out of one of these vegan gyros reminded me of my trip to Cyprus a
few years ago, where you could walk
by the beach and breathe in the salty
ocean air mixed with the tantalizing smell of Mediterranean food grilling, wafting in from the restaurants.
They were previously seen a
few years ago when the then minister was pictured making the most of an education summit in Mauritius —
by cooling his toes in the Indian
Ocean while enjoying a glass of vino.
The floods have been triggered
by the weather event known as El Nino, a warming of surface temperatures in the Pacific
Ocean that wreaks havoc on weather patterns every
few years.
As Stephen C. Riser and M. Susan Lozier note in their February 2013 Scientific American article, «Rethinking the Gulf Stream,» «A comparison of the Argo data with
ocean observations from the 1980s, carried out
by Dean Roemmich and John Gilson of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, shows that the upper
few hundred meters of the
oceans have warmed
by about 0.2 degree C in the past 20
years.
A new analysis
by geophysicist Steven Ward and planetary scientist Erik Asphaug of the University of California, Santa Cruz, concludes that the biggest tsunami hazard arises from asteroids between 30 and a
few hundred meters across, which may strike the
ocean every 1000 to 100,000
years.
Under these conditions, a disproportionately rapid retreat of summertime sea ice in the central Arctic
Ocean over the course of the next
few decades, followed
by its complete disappearance — depending on how quickly CO2 levels rise — roughly 250
years from now, is to be expected.
Over the last
few years, research has increasingly suggested that ice loss in this region is heavily driven
by the influence of the warming
ocean.
In addition, his own fieldwork, published last
year, indicates that increased evaporation of the Indian
Ocean caused
by global warming has actually caused the sea level there to fall 30 centimeters in the past
few decades.
Last week there was a paper
by Smith and colleagues in Science that tried to fill in those early
years, using a model that initialises the heat content from the upper
ocean — with the idea that the structure of those anomalies control the «weather» progression over the next
few years.
Weisz, who produced the movie, is often cast in this sort of role — the open - minded outcast looked at somewhat askance
by the rest of the community (in the last
few years, she's been in The Lobster, The Light Between
Oceans, and My Cousin Rachel).
This paper demonstrated that there was very likely an artifact in the sea surface temperature (SST) collation
by the Hadley Centre (HadSST2) around the end of the second world war and for a
few years subsequently, related to the different ways
ocean temperatures were taken
by different fleets.
Unprecedented amounts of greenhouse gases (at least over the last
few hundred thousand
years) continue to accumulate in the atmosphere and the global climate (land surface,
ocean, glaciers, stratosphere) continues to respond as predicted
by theory and models.
This idea was explored
by Levitus et al (long term observations of
ocean heat content) and Barnett et al (modelling of such changes) in a couple of Science papers a
few years ago.
An example is included in the materials presented
by the so - called «Arctic Methane Emergency Group» [AMEG] who show extrapolations of PIOMAS data and warn about the potential of a seasonally ice - free Arctic
ocean in just a
few years.»
If La Nina / El Nino can affect global air temperatures in a period of a
few years, than other changes in
ocean currents (driven
by AGW) can affect global atmospheric heat content in a
few years.
Alarmed at the pace of change to our Earth caused
by human - induced climate change, including accelerating melting and loss of ice from Greenland, the Himalayas and Antarctica, acidification of the world's
oceans due to rising CO2 concentrations, increasingly intense tropical cyclones, more damaging and intense drought and floods, including glacial lakes outburst loods, in many regions and higher levels of sea - level rise than estimated just a
few years ago, risks changing the face of the planet and threatening coastal cities, low lying areas, mountainous regions and vulnerable countries the world over,
Sorry, can't be done; enough
ocean cooling to provoke 3
years of thermal contraction is not caused
by a La Nina of a
few months.
Some of the very wet
years are caused
by El Nino, a reversal of winds over the Pacific
Ocean that has been going on every
few years ever since there was a Pacific
Ocean... People... will cite computer models predicting that El Ninos should become stronger or more frequent with global warming, but there are an awful lot of other models showing that they won't change or that they might even lessen in frequency.
The intense prehistoric hurricanes were fueled in part
by warmer sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic
Ocean during the ancient period investigated than have been the norm off the U.S. East Coast over the last
few hundred
years, according to the study.
The vulnerable nations declared that they are, «Alarmed at the pace of change to our Earth caused
by human - induced climate change, including accelerating melting and loss of ice from Greenland, the Himalayas and Antarctica, acidification of the world's
oceans due to rising CO2 concentrations, increasingly intense tropical cyclones, more damaging and intense drought and floods, including Glacial Lakes Outburst Floods, in many regions and higher levels of sea - level rise than estimated just a
few years ago, risks changing the face of the planet and threatening coastal cities, low lying areas, mountainous regions and vulnerable countries the world over...»
That team published results a
few years ago showing that all AOGCMs they studied mixed heat into the
ocean faster than their best estimate of the actual rate,
by a factor of several times at least.
If the 1.441 mm depth had warmed
by 0.700 C same as the
ocean - air interface then
oceans would gain no heat, but the massive colder
oceans below will only let 1.441 mm to < several tens - to - hundreds of metres > depth warm
by 0.697 C and only when the entire
ocean has warmed
by 0.700 C in a
few thousand
years will it let that 1.441 mm depth warm the final 0.003 C and stop heat gain with 4,100 ZettaJoules of heat having been added to the
oceans, enough to melt 13,666,666 cubic kilometres of ice.
«We know from previous studies that in
few years the temperatures above Greenland could rise
by more than 10 degrees Celsius, and during the Ice Age the
ocean's water level rose and fell several times
by as much as 10 to 20 metres», she says.
What I am not clear on is what has changed in the last
few years to cause more heat to be captured
by the
oceans and less in the atmosphere with the resultant slower rate of surface or atmospheric warming.
To point out just a couple of things: —
oceans warming slower (or cooling slower) than lands on long - time trends is absolutely normal, because water is more difficult both to warm or to cool (I mean, we require both a bigger heat flow and more time); at the contrary, I see as a non-sense theory (made
by some serrist, but don't know who) that
oceans are storing up heat, and that suddenly they will release such heat as a positive feedback: or the water warms than no heat can be considered ad «stored» (we have no phase change inside
oceans, so no latent heat) or
oceans begin to release heat but in the same time they have to cool (because they are losing heat); so, I don't feel strange that in last
years land temperatures for some series (NCDC and GISS) can be heating up while
oceans are slightly cooling, but I feel strange that they are heating up so much to reverse global trend from slightly negative / stable to slightly positive; but, in the end, all this is not an evidence that lands» warming is led
by UHI (but, this effect, I would not exclude it from having a small part in temperature trends for some regional area, but just small); both because, as writtend, it is normal to have waters warming slower than lands, and because lands» temperatures are often measured in a not so precise way (despite they continue to give us a global uncertainity in TT values which is barely the instrumental's one)-- but, to point out, HadCRU and MSU of last
years (I mean always 2002 - 2006) follow much better waters» temperatures trend; — metropolis and larger cities temperature trends actually show an increase in UHI effect, but I think the sites are
few, and the covered area is very small worldwide, so the global effect is very poor (but it still can be sensible for regional effects); but I would not run out a small warming trend for airport measurements due mainly to three things: increasing jet planes traffic, enlarging airports (then more buildings and more asphalt — if you follow motor sports, or simply live in a town / city, you will know how easy they get very warmer than air during day, and how much it can slow night - time cooling) and overall having airports nearer to cities (if not becoming an area inside the city after some decade of hurban growth, e.g. Milan - Linate); — I found no point about UHI in towns and villages; you will tell me they are not large cities; but, in comparison with 20-40-60
years ago when they were «countryside», many small towns and villages have become part of larger hurban areas (at least in Europe and Asia) so examining just larger cities would not be enough in my opinion to get a full view of UHI effect (still remembering that it has a small global effect: we can say many matters are due to UHI instead of GW, maybe even that a small part of measured GW is due to UHI, and that GW measurements are not so precise to make us able to make good analisyses and predictions, but not that GW is due to UHI).
Producing significant amounts of oil from offshore leases in the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas is quite a
few years away because of permitting delays, serial lawsuits filed
by environmental pressure groups, and the physical challenges involved in building the necessary offshore infrastructure in the Arctic
Ocean.
Another point that was made a
few years ago
by by Ian Plimer refers to the natural CO2 release into the
oceans (and subsequently into the atmosphere and biosphere) originating from the many inferred underwater volcanoes and fissures in the Earth's crust.
Open -
ocean time series show that surface
ocean pH has decreased on average
by 0.1 pH units since the industrial revolution (Caldeira and Wickett 2005; Orr et al. 2005; Doney et al. 2009), with open -
ocean pH decreasing steadily over the last
few decades at a rate of 0.0019 per
year (Doney 2010).
Natural climate variability driven
by the
ocean appears to have held greenhouse warming at bay the past
few years, but the warming, according to the forecast, should come roaring back before the end of the decade.
A
few months ago, news surfaced that HTC would release three new handsets
by the end of this
year — the
Ocean Harmony,
Ocean -LSB-...]
Yes, it is 2011, soon to be 2012, and the Dinosaurs, the most successful species to ever populate the earth (for approximately five hundred million
years) were not extinguished due to their inability to evolve and grow with natural changing conditions, but were simply eliminated
by a one - in - a-million extra-terrestrial event over a short period of time (one to three
years), as were all forms of sun reliant life with the exception of a
few ocean dwelling species, subsurface ground dwelling worms, plant life like lichens and other mindless species able to lie dormant for extended periods of time, as well as nocturnal, ground dwelling little rodents that ate roots, dead or alive, (from which we so - called superior life forms evolved).