Sentences with phrase «ocean circulation model coupled»

Consistent results are found using both a three - dimensional ocean circulation model coupled to an energy balance atmospheric model and with a much simpler ocean box model.

Not exact matches

CMIP was established as a resource for climate modelers, providing a standard protocol for studying the output of coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation models so that these models can be compared and validated.

Researchers carry out innovative basic and applied research programs in coral reef biology, ecology, and geology; fish biology, ecology, and conservation; shark and billfish ecology; fisheries science; deep - sea organismal biology and ecology; invertebrate and vertebrate genomics, genetics, molecular ecology, and evolution; microbiology; biodiversity; observation and modeling of large - scale ocean circulation, coastal dynamics, and ocean atmosphere coupling; benthic habitat mapping; biodiversity; histology; and calcification.

This corresponds in scope (not un-coincidentally) to the atmospheric component of General Circulation Models (GCMs) coupled to (at least) a mixed - layer ocean.

This year we received 14 June SIO submissions from dynamical models, of which 3 were from ice - ocean models forced by atmospheric reanalysis or other atmospheric model output and 12 were from fully - coupled general circulation models.

In an ensemble of fully coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) simulations of the late Paleocene and early Eocene, we identify such a circulation - driven enhanced intermediate - water warming.

Diansky, N.A., and E.M. Volodin, 2002: Simulation of the present - day climate with a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model.

Schiller, A., U. Mikolajewicz, and R. Voss, 1997: The stability of the North Atlantic thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation model.

Russell, J.L., R.J. Stouffer, and K.W. Dixon, 2006: Intercomparison of the Southern Ocean circulations in IPCC coupled model control simulations.

Yu, Y., Z. Zhang, and Y. Guo, 2004: Global coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation models in LASG / IAP.

Knowledge of dominant scales associated with mesoscale eddies enables a better understanding of the resolution requirements for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, the framework used for comparison of global coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, the framework used for comparison of global coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation models.

The Met Office Hadley Centre (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thCoupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanModel, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thcoupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater thanmodel, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater than B1).

Delworth, T., S. Manabe, and R.J. Stouffer, 1993: Interdecadal variations of the thermohaline circulation in a coupled ocean - atmosphere model.

This corresponds in scope (not un-coincidentally) to the atmospheric component of General Circulation Models (GCMs) coupled to (at least) a mixed - layer ocean.

Using a complex coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model (ECHAM5 / MPI - OM) climate response experiments with enhanced small - scale fluctuations are performed.

This term often requires additional qualification (e.g., as to whether or not the atmosphere is fully coupled to an ocean — see «Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model&raqocean — see «Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model&raqOcean General Circulation Model»).

Recent 20 experiments with a fully coupled atmosphere — ocean climate general circulation model (GCM) supported this scenario (Lunt et al., 2011).

The best simple answer I've seen is basically that you have to go to a 2 - box model of Earth, with warm tropics and cold poles, and then realize that thanks to the thermohaline circulation the deep oceans are coupled almost exclusively to the polar regions, and so are in the «cold» box and not the warm one or some average of them.

The output from all the atmosphere - ice - ocean - land coupled general circulation models (GCMs) is hosted in the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory database.

We employed two different climate model simulations: (1) the simulation of the NCAR CSM 1.4 coupled atmosphere - ocean General Circulation Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (model simulations: (1) the simulation of the NCAR CSM 1.4 coupled atmosphere - ocean General Circulation Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (Model (GCM) analyzed by Ammann et al (2007) and (2) simulations of a simple Energy Balance Model (Model (EBM).

The weakening of the Walker circulation arises in these models from processes that are fundamentally different from those of El Nià ± o — and is present in both mixed - layer and full - ocean coupled models, so is not dependent on the models» ability to represent Kelvin waves (by the way, most of the IPCC - AR4 models have sufficient oceanic resolution to represent Kelvin waves and the physics behind them is quite simple — so of all the model deficiencies to focus on this one seems a little odd).

As noted in that post, RealClimate defines the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation («AMO») as, «A multidecadal (50 - 80 year timescale) pattern of North Atlantic ocean - atmosphere variability whose existence has been argued for based on statistical analyses of observational and proxy climate data, and coupled Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model («AOGCM») simulatocean - atmosphere variability whose existence has been argued for based on statistical analyses of observational and proxy climate data, and coupled Atmosphere - Ocean General Circulation Model («AOGCM») simulatOcean General Circulation Model («AOGCM») simulations.

An atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean was forced with altered implied ocean heat transports during a period of increasing trace gases.

Abstract: «The patterns of time / space changes in near - surface temperature due to the separate forcing components are simulated with a coupled atmosphere — ocean general circulation model»

«A General Circulation Experiment with a Coupled Atmosphere, Ocean and Sea Ice Model.»

«Seasonal Cycle Experiments on Climate Sensitivity Due to a Doubling of CO2 with an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Coupled to a Simple Mixed Layer Ocean Model.»

Experiments with coupled ocean - atmosphere general circulation models (which represent the complexity of the climate system much more realistically than this simple model) give similar results.

Rowlands (2012) write, «Here we present results from a multi-thousand-member perturbed - physics ensemble of transient coupled atmosphere — ocean general circulation model simulations.

«Climate Sensitivity Due to Increased CO2: Experiments with a Coupled Atmosphere and Ocean General Circulation Model.»

«Development of Global Coupled Ocean - Atmosphere General Circulation Models.»

The ensemble and seasonal forecast systems use a coupled atmosphere - ocean model, which includes a simulation of the general circulation of the ocean and the associated coupled feedback processes that exist.

Further analyses of long coupled model runs will be critical to resolve the influence of the ocean thermohaline circulation and other natural climate variations on Arctic climate and to determine whether natural climate variability will make the Arctic more or less vulnerable to anthropogenic global warming.»

Due to computational constraints, the equilibrium climate sensitivity in a climate model is usually estimated by running an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a mixed - layer ocean model, because equilibrium climate sensitivity is largely determined by atmospheric processes.

«The authors write that «the notorious tropical bias problem in climate simulations of global coupled general circulation models manifests itself particularly strongly in the tropical Atlantic,»... they state that «the climate bias problem is still so severe that one of the most basic features of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean — the eastward shoaling thermocline — can not be reproduced by most of the IPCC assessment report models,... as they describe it, «show that the bias in the eastern equatorial Atlantic has a major effect on sea - surface temperature (SST) response to a rapid change in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMcirculation models manifests itself particularly strongly in the tropical Atlantic,»... they state that «the climate bias problem is still so severe that one of the most basic features of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean — the eastward shoaling thermocline — can not be reproduced by most of the IPCC assessment report models,... as they describe it, «show that the bias in the eastern equatorial Atlantic has a major effect on sea - surface temperature (SST) response to a rapid change in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMCirculation (AMOC).»

Our proxy records are compared with climate model simulations using a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model.

An analysis of two coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation models control runs (UK Met Office HadCM3 and NOAA GFDL CM2.1) agree with the shorter and longer time - scales of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and temperature fluctuations with periodicities close to thoscirculation models control runs (UK Met Office HadCM3 and NOAA GFDL CM2.1) agree with the shorter and longer time - scales of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and temperature fluctuations with periodicities close to thosCirculation (AMOC) and temperature fluctuations with periodicities close to those observed.

Ocean circulation and tropical variability in the coupled model ECHAM5 / MPI - OM.

«The authors write that North Pacific Decadal Variability (NPDV) «is a key component in predictability studies of both regional and global climate change,»... they emphasize that given the links between both the PDO and the NPGO with global climate, the accurate characterization and the degree of predictability of these two modes in coupled climate models is an important «open question in climate dynamics» that needs to be addressed... report that model - derived «temporal and spatial statistics of the North Pacific Ocean modes exhibit significant discrepancies from observations in their twentieth - century climate... conclude that «for implications on future climate change, the coupled climate models show no consensus on projected future changes in frequency of either the first or second leading pattern of North Pacific SST anomalies,» and they say that «the lack of a consensus in changes in either mode also affects confidence in projected changes in the overlying atmospheric circulation.»»

In this document, the term climate models is used for all kinds of models used for studying the global climate system, such as Earth - System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), Atmosphere - Ocean coupled Global Circulation Models (AOGCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. models is used for all kinds of models used for studying the global climate system, such as Earth - System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), Atmosphere - Ocean coupled Global Circulation Models (AOGCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. models used for studying the global climate system, such as Earth - System Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), Atmosphere - Ocean coupled Global Circulation Models (AOGCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. Models of Intermediate Complexity (EMICs), Atmosphere - Ocean coupled Global Circulation Models (AOGCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. Models (AOGCMs) and Earth System Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. Models (ESMs)(see for the definition of some of these model categories (Meehl and Hibbard 2006; Randall et al. 2007).

Here we use an ensemble of simulations with a coupled ocean — atmosphere model to show that the sea surface temperature anomalies associated with central Pacific El Niño force changes in the extra-tropical atmospheric circulation.

The response of atmospheric CO2 and climate to the reconstructed variability in solar irradiance and radiative forcing by volcanoes over the last millennium is examined by applying a coupled physical — biogeochemical climate model that includes the Lund - Potsdam - Jena dynamic global vegetation model (LPJ - DGVM) and a simplified analogue of a coupled atmosphere — ocean general circulation model.

Each atmospheric version is coupled to two different ocean general circulation models: the Russell ocean model (GISS - E2 - R) and HYCOM (GISS - E2 - H).

CAS = Commission for Atmospheric Sciences CMDP = Climate Metrics and Diagnostic Panel CMIP = Coupled Model Intercomparison Project DAOS = Working Group on Data Assimilation and Observing Systems GASS = Global Atmospheric System Studies panel GEWEX = Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment GLASS = Global Land - Atmosphere System Studies panel GOV = Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) Ocean View JWGFVR = Joint Working Group on Forecast Verification Research MJO - TF = Madden - Julian Oscillation Task Force PDEF = Working Group on Predictability, Dynamics and Ensemble Forecasting PPP = Polar Prediction Project QPF = Quantitative precipitation forecast S2S = Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction Project SPARC = Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate TC = Tropical cyclone WCRP = World Climate Research Programme WCRP Grand Science Challenges • Climate Extremes • Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity • Melting Ice and Global Consequences • Regional Sea - Ice Change and Coastal Impacts • Water Availability WCRP JSC = Joint Scientific Committee WGCM = Working Group on Coupled Modelling WGSIP = Working Group on Subseasonal to Interdecadal Prediction WWRP = World Weather Research Programme YOPP = Year of Polar Prediction

This study evaluates the forecast skill of the fourth version of the Canadian coupled ocean — atmosphere general circulation model (CanCM4) and its model output statistics (MOS) to forecast the seasonal rainfall in Malaysia, particularly during early (October — November — December) and late (January — February — March) winter monsoon periods.

The goal is to improve model biases with regards to hydrographic measurements and circulation constraints and use the improved model for coupled ocean - atmosphere simulations of preindustrial, historical and future climates.

Mechoso, C. R., and and Coauthors,, 1995: The seasonal cycle over the tropical Pacific in coupled ocean — atmosphere general circulation models.

For the July report, we received 14 June SIO submissions from dynamical models: 5 from ice - ocean models forced by atmospheric reanalysis or other atmospheric model output (in green in Figure 3) and 9 from fully coupled general circulation models (in blue in Figure 3).

These concern the large - scale general circulations of the atmosphere and ocean, and they are in principle represented in current comprehensive coupled climate models.

Here we present results from a multi-thousand-member perturbed - physics ensemble of transient coupled atmosphere — ocean general circulation model simulations.

The representation of the glacial ocean state and circulation in coupled climate simulations differs substantially between models and is often at odds with the geological evidence.