Sentences with phrase «ocean circulation processes»

Not exact matches

They predicted that the ice age had slowed ocean circulation, trapping CO2 deep within it, and that warmer temperatures reversed this process.

Both processes occur in regions of the ocean that are naturally low in oxygen, or anoxic, due to local lack of water circulation and intense phytoplankton productivity overlying these regions.

Gross says that the most important processes affecting day length are changes in the weather, especially unusual variations in the strength and direction of the winds, which bring on alterations in the global circulation of the atmosphere and ocean.

It takes centuries for that heat to work its way into the deeper ocean, changing the circulation and removing the sea ice, which is a big part of this process,» he said.

Upper - ocean processes dissipate heat, transport nutrients and impact the uptake of carbon dioxide — making circulation a critical driver of biological activity in the ocean.

Study co-author Katy Sheen, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow from Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, says: «These findings will help us to understand the processes that drive the ocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.&rOcean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, says: «These findings will help us to understand the processes that drive the ocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.&rocean circulation and mixing so that we can better predict how our Earth system will respond to the increased levels of carbon dioxide that we have released into the atmosphere.»

Lead author of the study, Dr Caroline Eakin, Research Fellow in Ocean and Earth Science at the University of Southampton, said: «The process of consuming old seafloor at subduction zones, where great slabs of oceanic material are swallowed up, drives circulation in the Earth's interior and keeps the planet going strong.

«This implies that a very rapid transmission process must have operated, that linked rapid climate change around Greenland with the otherwise sluggish deep Atlantic Ocean circulation,» said Gottschalk.

The process is a key component global ocean circulation system.

Development and application of ocean observing systems, bio-physical interactions, circulation processes on continental shelves, impact of these processes on marine resource management, and extension of applicable research to broader audiences that include decision - makers and the general public.

Using the adjoint of an ocean general circulation model, I try to understand the local and remote processes that generate temperature anomalies in the Nordic Seas on different timescales and their potential contribution to decadal climate predictability.

This result suggests that models may not yet adequately represent the long - term feedbacks related to ocean circulation, vegetation and associated dust, or the cryosphere, and / or may underestimate the effects of tropical clouds or other short - term feedback processes.»

Where the poleward & equatorward currents of this intensified circulation converge — the centre of the gyres — surface water is pumped downwards into the ocean interior in a process known as Ekman pumping.

This result suggests that models may not yet adequately represent the long - term feedbacks related to ocean circulation, vegetation and associated dust, or the cryosphere, and / or may underestimate the effects of tropical clouds or other short - term feedback processes.»

Thus, some heat gets converted to kinetic energy, but that gets converted back to heat, either by viscosity or by thermally - indirect circulations that produce APE while pulling heat downward in the process (LHSO: Ferrel cell (driven by extratropical storm track activity), Planetary - scale overturning in the stratosphere and mesosphere (includes Brewer - Dobson circulation (I'm not sure if the whole thing is the Brewer - Dobson circulation or if only part of it is)-RRB-, some motions in the ocean; LVO: wind driven mixing of the boundary layer and of the upper ocean (though mixing itself tends to destroy the APE that the kinetic energy would create by forcing heat downward)-RRB-.

Given that the answer to this for atmospheric models is a resounding «NO» (particularly because of sub-grid scale processes which need to be effectively pre-ordained through parameterizations), and given that oceanic circulations have much longer adjustment time scales, yet also have much more intense small scale (gyre) circulations than the atmosphere, my instinct is that we are not even close to being able to trust ocean models without long term validation data.

The weakening of the Walker circulation arises in these models from processes that are fundamentally different from those of El Nià ± o — and is present in both mixed - layer and full - ocean coupled models, so is not dependent on the models» ability to represent Kelvin waves (by the way, most of the IPCC - AR4 models have sufficient oceanic resolution to represent Kelvin waves and the physics behind them is quite simple — so of all the model deficiencies to focus on this one seems a little odd).

We need to be cognizant of everything from local - scale stable boundary layer micrometeorolgy and ocean unstable boundary layer turbulent processes to global oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns such as the Arctic Oscillation and the Gulf Stream's seasonal evolution.

4 Natural Processes that Change Climate Ocean Circulations Changes in ocean circulation also can result in short - term climate fluctuation EX: ElOcean Circulations Changes in ocean circulation also can result in short - term climate fluctuation EX: Elocean circulation also can result in short - term climate fluctuation EX: El Niño

1 Natural Processes that Change Climate Volcanic Eruption Ocean Circulation Solar Activity Earth Motions CO2 fluctuations Ocean acidification

The project will also analyze changes in oceanic circulation and processes in an ice - depleted Arctic Ocean, and in its interactions with the sub arctic oceans.

The ensemble and seasonal forecast systems use a coupled atmosphere - ocean model, which includes a simulation of the general circulation of the ocean and the associated coupled feedback processes that exist.

A simple model of this process is an increased vertical circulation in the ocean, such as an enhanced PDO, that brings cooler water to the surface faster and sequesters the warmer water faster.

The MRE can be used as a proxy for its controlling factors so scientists can measure the MRE magnitude to understand such phenomena and disentangle processes of ocean circulation and its spatiotemporal changes, for example.

These processes include heat retention, the melting of polar ice, ocean circulation, nutrient supply, and the primary production of organic compounds.

Some processes arise through interactions with other parts of the climate system such as the ocean (for example as manifested through sea surface temperature anomalies), sea ice anomalies, snow cover anomalies as well as through coupling to the circulation in the stratosphere.

Due to computational constraints, the equilibrium climate sensitivity in a climate model is usually estimated by running an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a mixed - layer ocean model, because equilibrium climate sensitivity is largely determined by atmospheric processes.

The warming reached a depth of about 10,000 feet (4,000 meters), interfering with the normal circulation process in which colder surface water descends, taking oxygen and nutrients deep into the ocean.

These computer programs, called General Circulation Models (GCMs), use various assumptions about physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur within Earth's atmosphere and oceans and on its land surfaces.

As sub-surface oxygen concentrations in the ocean everywhere reflect a balance between supply through circulation and ventilation and consumption by respiratory processes, the absolute amount of oxygen in a given location is therefore very sensitive to changes in either process, more sensitive perhaps as other physical and chemical parameters.

In addition to the risk of «several meters» of sea level rise this century, which Hansen calls the most important finding, the final version of Hansen's paper gives new emphasis to the possibility that the ocean's heat circulation system may be in the process of shutting down.

CAS = Commission for Atmospheric Sciences CMDP = Climate Metrics and Diagnostic Panel CMIP = Coupled Model Intercomparison Project DAOS = Working Group on Data Assimilation and Observing Systems GASS = Global Atmospheric System Studies panel GEWEX = Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment GLASS = Global Land - Atmosphere System Studies panel GOV = Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) Ocean View JWGFVR = Joint Working Group on Forecast Verification Research MJO - TF = Madden - Julian Oscillation Task Force PDEF = Working Group on Predictability, Dynamics and Ensemble Forecasting PPP = Polar Prediction Project QPF = Quantitative precipitation forecast S2S = Subseasonal to Seasonal Prediction Project SPARC = Stratospheric Processes and their Role in Climate TC = Tropical cyclone WCRP = World Climate Research Programme WCRP Grand Science Challenges • Climate Extremes • Clouds, Circulation and Climate Sensitivity • Melting Ice and Global Consequences • Regional Sea - Ice Change and Coastal Impacts • Water Availability WCRP JSC = Joint Scientific Committee WGCM = Working Group on Coupled Modelling WGSIP = Working Group on Subseasonal to Interdecadal Prediction WWRP = World Weather Research Programme YOPP = Year of Polar Prediction

States that other feedbacks likely to emerge are those in which key processes include surface fluxes of trace gases, changes in the distribution of vegetation, changes in surface soil moisture, changes in atmospheric water vapor arising from higher temperatures and greater areas of open ocean, impacts of Arctic freshwater fluxes on the meridional overturning circulation of the ocean, and changes in Arctic clouds resulting from changes in water vapor content

Sensitivity experiments with an ocean circulation and biogeochemistry model illustrate the processes behind such increase exploring the relative role of freshwater, thermal, and wind forcing and their combination.

Now, new research in Nature Geoscience has discovered that rainfall in the tropics is in part driven by massive ocean currents that travel back - and - forth between the Arctic and Antarctic, a process known as ocean overturning circulation.

Processes contributing to interannual steric sea level variability are studied over the period 1993 — 2004 using an observationally - constrained ocean state estimate produced by the ECCO («Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean») consorocean state estimate produced by the ECCO («Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean») consorOcean») consortium.

b) atmospheric and ocean circulation patterns since 1950 predominantly caused by natural processes.

These results also increase our overall understanding of glacial − interglacial cycles by putting further constraints on the timing and strength of other processes involved in these cycles, like changes in sea ice and ice sheet extents or changes in ocean circulation and deep water formation.

Unlike Charney climate sensitivity, which is related to the strength of feedbacks involving short timescale climate processes such as those involving clouds and water vapor, Earth System sensitivity also integrates feedbacks involving long timescale changes in the cryosphere, terrestrial vegetation, and deep ocean circulation.

Among the global - scale tipping points identified by earth scientists are the collapse of large ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, changes in ocean circulation, feedback processes by which warming triggers more warming, and the acidification of the ocean.h

Today, considerable scientific research focuses on the global nature of tides, including their influence on other physical processes in the ocean such as circulation, mixing, and wave generation.

26 Natural Process that Change Climate Volcanic Eruption Ocean Circulation Solar Activity Earth's Motions

«They say the trend toward a stronger, tighter circulation around the North Pole could be triggered just as well by processes in the stratosphere as by those in the ocean.»

The first order objective is to acquire a practical capability (coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulations climate modes) to model the seasonal and geographic variability of the climate system in terms of physics / mathematics - based processes.

Stephen Wilde (12:23:46): «They say the trend toward a stronger, tighter circulation around the North Pole could be triggered just as well by processes in the stratosphere as by those in the ocean.»

Rob Painting > Ray — for a long time it was thought he thermohaline circulation was the only way the ocean interior was able to be ventilated, but the oceanographic community has realized that wind - driven mixing plays a very large part in this process.

Scientists from Norway's Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, attempting to better understand how this process works, plugged their data into an ocean circulation / climate change model to examine the system out until 2080.

In addition, the authors provide compelling evidence of both the important coupling of ocean and atmosphere processes and the strong communication, of effects of climatic change, between the waters of the Northern and Southern hemisphere through global ocean circulation.»

Modeling long - term climate change for the entire planet, however, was held back by lack of computer power, ignorance of key processes such as cloud formation, inability to calculate the crucial ocean circulation, and insufficient data on the world's actual climate.

Furthermore, by homogenizing the entire ocean into a single metric, they miss important nuances of local and regional scale redox changes that might reflect the activity of climatic feedback processes, such as weathering, ocean circulation change, or temperature change.