Sentences with phrase «ocean ecosystems from»

A recent study by Moffitt and colleagues of seafloor sediments from the end of the last Ice Age, around 10,000 to 17,000 years ago, revealed that Pacific Ocean ecosystems from the Arctic to Chile «extensively and abruptly lost oxygen when the planet warmed through deglaciation,» she said.

Not exact matches

by Claire Groden OCTOBER 1, 2015, 4:03 PM EDT Plastic has infiltrated the ocean's ecosystem, from plankton to whales.

The workshop is sponsored by New York Sea Grant (NYSG) with additional funding from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Community Climate Adaptation Initiative Program and the Environmental Protection Fund under the authority of the New York Ocean and Great Lakes Ecosystem Conservation Act.

Shallow coral reefs from the water's surface to 30 - 40 metres depth are the tip of the iceberg that comprises the ocean's extensive coral ecosystem.

And across all scales, from very small controlled studies of marine plots to those of entire ocean basins, maintaining biodiversity — the number of extant species across all forms of marine life — appeared key to preserving fisheries, water filtering and other so - called ecosystem services, though the correlation is not entirely clear.

But current evidence suggests that plastic pollution is as prevalent in land and freshwater ecosystems as it is in the oceans, where it's found «from the equator to the poles,» says Rochman, author of a separate commentary on the state of plastic pollution research published in the April 6 Science.

Heather Birch, a Cardiff University PhD from the School of Earth and Ocean Sciences who led the study, said: «The global catastrophe that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs also devastated ocean ecosysOcean Sciences who led the study, said: «The global catastrophe that caused the extinction of the dinosaurs also devastated ocean ecosysocean ecosystems.

The finding, from the first survey of ocean acidification around one of the world's greatest natural landmarks, supports fears that the ecosystem is on its last legs.

More than half the oxygen we breathe comes from the ocean, much of it from aquatic ecosystems that scientists have barely begun to study.

«Recent studies have shown that there's substantial lateral carbon exports from these ecosystems toward the coastal ocean and that is something that we also would like to understand,» said Vargas.

An initial high - resolution study shows that off Peru the ocean layer called «oxygen minimum» where life is limited is sensitive to the intensity of the seasonal current from the equator that brings water containing little oxygen to the coastal ecosystem.

«Humans rely heavily on a diversity of services that are provided by ocean ecosystems, including the food we eat and industries that arise from that,» says project leader Professor Ivan Nagelkerken, from the University's Environment Institute.

In a related Policy Forum, Lubchenco and Sutley (p. 1485) propose an approach to safeguard U.S. ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems from the increasingly numerous and intense stresses that human activities are causing.

A pioneering study — led by scientists from Imperial College London in collaboration with marine biologists from UC Santa Barbara — found that the predators, through their fecal material, transfer vital nutrients from their open ocean feeding grounds into shallower reef environments, contributing to the overall health of these fragile ecosystems.

The water, 2000 km wide and 100 m deep, has affected ecosystems, changed weather inland, and altered ocean currents from Alaska to Mexico.

From the ocean, the fresh water flows into the Greenland fjords where is influence local circulation with impacts on the production and ecosystem structure.

A study of California mussels, a key species in the rocky intertidal ecosystems of the West Coast, indicates that the effects of ocean acidification will vary from place to place along the coast depending on a range of interacting factors.

Such ecosystems may therefore provide a unique refuge to protect shell - forming organisms from ocean acidification and prevent the collapse of these fragile marine communities, the authors say.

Hence, Scheyer and his colleagues wanted to establish whether the apex predators really were missing from the oceans after the mass extinction and how the ecosystems functioned.

«Of the carbon dioxide human beings put into the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation,» Berry says, «roughly a third remains in the atmosphere, a third goes into terrestrial ecosystems, and a third goes into the ocean.»

Far from depleting the resources of ocean ecosystems, growing numbers of large whales may be critical to keeping these environments healthy.

Ocean conditions off most of the U.S. West Coast are returning roughly to average, after an extreme marine heat wave from about 2014 to 2016 disrupted the California Current Ecosystem and shifted many species beyond their traditional range, according to a new report from NOAA Fisheries» two marine laboratories on the West Coast.

These variations originate primarily from fluctuations in carbon uptake by land ecosystems driven by the natural variability of the climate system, rather than by oceans or from changes in the levels of human - made carbon emissions.

«The goal of our research was to explore the opportunities for marine fisheries reform in China that arise from their 13th Five - Year Plan and show how the best available science can be used in the design and implementation of fisheries management in China's coastal and ocean ecosystems,» said Cao, a Research Scholar with Stanford's Center on Food Security and the Environment (FSE) and Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

Now, for the first time, elaborate studies are revealing where they come from and the grip they exert on ocean ecosystems.

«If you take too many forage fish out,» Pikitch says, «you risk pulling the rug out from under the ocean ecosystem.»

Massive releases of methane from arctic seafloors could create oxygen - poor dead zones, acidify the seas and disrupt ecosystems in broad parts of the northern oceans, new preliminary analyses suggest.

Those missions include the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite to monitor Earth's ocean health and atmosphere in 2022; the Orbiting Carbon Observatory - 3 experiment that would track carbon - dioxide levels from the International Space Station; the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) pathfinder Earth climate instrument for the ISS in 2020 time frame; and, finally, the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), a joint NASA - NOAA mission that is in orbit today and monitoring Earth from space.

Methane Cold Seeps Methane cold seeps are similar to the more famous black smokers in that they form isolated ecosystems as oasis in the deep ocean, but are lower temperatures and form away from mid-ocean ridges.

Climate change is thus inseparable from ocean change, and our ability to understand these changes relies heavily on our understanding of ocean ecosystems and, more specifically, the role of iron in regulating ocean productivity and hence the global carbon cycle and climate.

October 28, 2015 — A consortium of 48 scientists from 50 institutions in the United States has called for an ambitious research effort to understand and harness microbiomes — the communities of microorganisms that inhabit ecosystems as varied as the human gut and the ocean, to improve human health, agriculture, bioenergy, and the environment.

We seek to maintain healthy ocean ecosystems and support the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, while at the same time recognizing the need for considering our options for the removal of CO2 from the atmosphere.

«This decline will need to be considered in future studies of marine ecosystems, geochemical cycling, ocean circulation and fisheries,» add the paper's authors, from Dalhousie university in Nova Scotia, Canada.

This means that an increase in temperature and the associated reorganization in ocean circulation, for instance, had less of an effect on the marine ecosystem's ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and store it in the subsurface layers of the ocean.

Melting glaciers have a ranging set of effects on the environment and ecosystems, from contributing to sea level rise, desalination of oceans and other less tangible effects on the world's jet streams as well as the ability to reflect sunlight.

From microscopic plankton to species» interactions in the marine ecosystem and from elemental biogeochemical cycling to the consequences for economy and society: The German project BIOACID (Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification) analyses the problem of ocean acidification in its entire spectFrom microscopic plankton to species» interactions in the marine ecosystem and from elemental biogeochemical cycling to the consequences for economy and society: The German project BIOACID (Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification) analyses the problem of ocean acidification in its entire spectfrom elemental biogeochemical cycling to the consequences for economy and society: The German project BIOACID (Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification) analyses the problem of ocean acidification in its entire specOcean Acidification) analyses the problem of ocean acidification in its entire specocean acidification in its entire spectrum.

RE # 39 (sorry for being off - topic), there are still more threats to plankton from GW, according to a NATURE article just out («Decline of the marine ecosystem caused by a reduction in the Atlantic overturning circulation,» Schmittner, Vol 434 No 7033, Mar 31, p. 628): If the Atlantic ocean conveyor is disrupted due to freshwater entering, then the nutrients for plankton will not be churned up, perhaps reducing plankton by half.

The 4th International Symposium will bring together experts from around the world to better understand climate impacts on ocean ecosystems — and...

According to the two experts, future ocean acidification research will have to deal with three major challenges: It needs to expand from single to multiple drivers, from single species to communities and ecosystems, and from evaluating acclimation to understanding adaptation.

The complement of microbes that compose an ecosystem, from the human body's smallest nook to the world's largest ocean, microbiomes have become a focus of fervent scientific interest.

«As our understanding of the impacts of ocean acidification was building up, we were able to broaden our focus from marine organisms to communities and ecosystems, addressing ocean acidification in combination with other environmental factors», says Professor Ulf Riebesell, marine biologist at GEOMAR and coordinator of BIOACID.

But we wanted to observe the natural development of the plankton ecosystem from the first productivity in late winter until summer, closely monitor the succession of the plankton communities and follow how effects of ocean acidification are transmitted from one generation to the next,» Riebesell explains.

A paper published last week in the journal Science examined how the ocean's ecosystems react to such warming from climate change.

The coastal ecosystems of mangroves, seagrass meadows and tidal marshes mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and oceans at significantly higher rates, per unit area, than terrestrial forests (Figure 1).

The overall goal of this sympsoium is to bring together experts from around the world to better understand climate impacts on ocean ecosystems — and how to respond.

For example, Theme 3 exploits information from Theme 2 to help predict future changes in ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystems, but results from Theme 3 also feed back into Theme 2 by providing critical information on the expected temporal and spatial changes of ocean acidification and thus enable meaningful experimental designs.

In a large - scale field experiment, 53 scientists from Germany, Spain, France, Great Britain and the United States are investigating how ocean acidification influences important functions in an ecosystem representative for two - thirds of the world's oceans.

Evolutionary adaptation to ocean acidification has to be taken into account when projecting the future of marine ecosystems, says a team of scientists from Canada, Australia, the United States, Great Britain, Sweden and Germany in a review published this week in the international journal «Trends in Ecology and Evolution» (TREE).

Experiments and analyses carried out by more than 250 scientists from 20 German institutions clearly indicate that ocean acidification and warming, along with other environmental stressors, impair life in the ocean and compromise important ecosystem services it provides to humankind.

Scientists working on a future satellite — the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission — sets sail in January from Hawaii.