Sentences with phrase «ocean model mixing»

Not exact matches

Modeling experiments by Tan and two other scientists focused on inbetweeners — mixed - phase clouds, such as undulating stratiform and fluffy stratocumulus clouds, which are abundant over the vast Southern Ocean and around the Northern Hemisphere north of New York.

Because these waves are involved in ocean mixing and thus the transfer of heat, understanding them is crucial to global climate modeling, says Tom Peacock, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

This corresponds in scope (not un-coincidentally) to the atmospheric component of General Circulation Models (GCMs) coupled to (at least) a mixed - layer ocean.

The team fed this wealth of information into a model that estimates the mixing of ocean layers.

Physical oceanography, geophysical fluid dynamics, ocean mixing processes, numerical ocean modeling, biological / physical interactions and marine pollution.

Furthermore, the models couple CO2 forcing to the whole mixing layer of the ocean while in reality the CO2 wavelengths barely penetrate more than a millimeter and so qualitatively are a complex surface effect.

Bernie, D., S.J. Woolnough, J.M. Slingo, and E. Guilyardi, 2005: Modelling diurnal and intraseasonal variability of the ocean mixed layer.

Opsteegh, J.D., R.J. Haarsma, F.M. Selten, and A. Kattenberg, 1998: ECBILT: A dynamic alternative to mixed boundary conditions in ocean models.

The treatment of uncertainty in the ocean's uptake of heat varies, from assuming a fixed value for a model's ocean diffusivity (Andronova and Schlesinger, 2001) to trying to allow for a wide range of ocean mixing parameters (Knutti et al., 2002, 2003) or systematically varying the ocean's effective diffusivity (e.g., Forest et al., 2002, 2006; Frame et al., 2005).

Peters, M.E., and C.S. Bretherton, 2005: A simplified model of the Walker circulation with an interactive ocean mixed layer and cloud - radiative feedbacks.

Climate modeling groups have also been experimenting with ways to use the predictability of deeper ocean circulations (where internal variations can persist for up to a decade), but results have been mixed at best.

Los Alamos researchers created models to quantify the horizontal and vertical structure of mixing in the ocean and its dependence upon eddy velocities.

Understanding the processes driving mixing is vital for ocean and climate modeling.

But then the effective heat capacity, the surface temperature, depends on the rate of mixing of the ocean water and I have presented evidence from a number of different ways that models tend to be too diffusive because of numerical reasons and coarse resolution and wave parameter rise, motions in the ocean.

Right now, climate models have to approximate many physical processes that turn out to be very important; air flowing over mountain ranges, for example, or small eddies mixing water in the ocean.

Heat the models suggest should be staying in the atmosphere might instead be expelled more readily through the atmosphere into space, or is being more rapidly mixed into the oceans.

This setup consists of an atmospheric model with a simple mixed - layer ocean model, but that doesn't include chemistry, aerosol vegetation or dynamic ice sheet modules.

Our study once again emphasizes the importance of a realistic representation of ocean physics, in particular vertical mixing, as a necessary foundation for ecosystem modeling and predictions.»

This corresponds in scope (not un-coincidentally) to the atmospheric component of General Circulation Models (GCMs) coupled to (at least) a mixed - layer ocean.

Here, we elucidate this question by using 26 years of satellite data to drive a simple physical model for estimating the temperature response of the ocean mixed layer to changes in aerosol loadings.

This is because (a) the rate of heat penetration into the deeper ocean increases in proportion to temperature (like for ice melt), and (b) the second term we added models the mixed layer response successfully.

Then he used that time series to drive a simple linear globally averaged mixed layer ocean model incorporating a linearized term representing heat loss to space.

The introductory paragraphs of the new Stainforth et al. article mention that the climateprediction.net modeling includes «a mixed - layer ocean».

To some extent, this is again due to the factors mentioned above, but additionally, the models predict that the North Atlantic as a whole will not warm as fast as the rest of globe (due to both the deep mixed layers in this region which have a large thermal inertia and a mild slowdown in the ocean heat transports).

A simple diffusive ocean model would be more appropriate as has been shown by many studies of the mixing of tracers or of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the ocean.

«This necessitates the inclusion of biogenic mixing sources in ocean circulation and global climate models.»

The weakening of the Walker circulation arises in these models from processes that are fundamentally different from those of El Nià ± o — and is present in both mixed - layer and full - ocean coupled models, so is not dependent on the models» ability to represent Kelvin waves (by the way, most of the IPCC - AR4 models have sufficient oceanic resolution to represent Kelvin waves and the physics behind them is quite simple — so of all the model deficiencies to focus on this one seems a little odd).

On a larger point, the radiative imbalance in the AR4 models is a function of how effectively the oceans sequester heat (more mixing down implies a greater imbalance) as well as what the forcings are.

The research provides insight for climate models which until now have lacked the detailed information on ocean mixing....

In CMIP3, an AGCM was coupled to a non-dynamic mixed - layer (slab) ocean model with prescribed ocean heat transport convergence.

The Hasselmann model has a single time scale which is controlled by the heat capacity C which can be visualised as corresponding to the depth of a single well - mixed ocean box which damps the temperature fluctuations.

While impressive, this may be due to an error in the forcings combined with compensating errors in the climate sensitivity (2.7 C for a doubling of CO2 in this model) or the mixing of heat into the deep ocean.

An atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean was forced with altered implied ocean heat transports during a period of increasing trace gases.

That's ironic that you mention that particular property of CO2, because there are scientist that theorize that, since CO2 is heavier, the GCM models are not correct — most CO2 produced at Earth's surface NEVER gets well mixed in fact most CO2 gets removed by rainfall, or gets absorbed by plants or the ocean long before it can cause any change in the so - called Greenhouse gas effect (but the GHG theory is not correct anyway) and the fact that they have severly underestimated CO2 upweelinng from the dee

«Seasonal Cycle Experiments on Climate Sensitivity Due to a Doubling of CO2 with an Atmospheric General Circulation Model Coupled to a Simple Mixed Layer Ocean Model.»

«Hansen now believes he has an answer: All the climate models, compared to the Argo data and a tracer study soon to be released by several NASA peers, exaggerate how efficiently the ocean mixes heat into its recesses.

Here for example is the climate model simulation of the mixing currents that overturn the upper layers of the ocean across the Pacific.

increased CO -LCB- sub 2 -RCB- by using ocean models that include realistic processes such as horizontal heat transport, vertical mixing due to convection and small - scale processes, and upwelling along coastal regions and the equator.

[17] Most global models have incorporated uniform mixing throughout the ocean because they do not include or resolve internal tidal flows.

Whether ocean circulation models... neither explicitly accounting for the energy input into the system nor providing for spatial variability in the mixing, have any physical relevance under changed climate conditions is at issue.»

According to KNMI the model results are comparable to other observations of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and ocean layer mixing over the past decade.

Many of the processes governing the role of salinity in the modulation of upper - ocean mixing in both tropical and high - latitude regions are neither well understood nor adequately represented in climate models.

When a climate model uses only the upper 50 to 100 meters as the total ocean battery, I believe that is mathurbation, since the charge time of the whole battery is roughly 1700 years plus or minus a millennium or two depending on high latitude mixing.

Due to computational constraints, the equilibrium climate sensitivity in a climate model is usually estimated by running an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a mixed - layer ocean model, because equilibrium climate sensitivity is largely determined by atmospheric processes.

Using a single time constant when there are clearly multiple reservoirs (ocean well mixed surface and deeper ocean just for two in addition to the atmosphere) with different time constants, not to mention unknown sinks, makes your model seriously oversimplified.

When the convective processes of the atmosphere remove enough water vapor from the oceans to drop sea levels and build polar ice caps, as has happened many times before, the top 35 meters of the oceans where climate models assume the only thermal mixing occurs, must heat up cold ocean water that comes from depths below the original 35 meter depth, removing vast more amounts of heat from the earth's surface and atmosphere.

The discrepancy is likely accounted for by excessive ocean heat uptake at low latitudes in our model, a problem related to the model's slow surface response time (Fig. 4) that may be caused by excessive small - scale ocean mixing.

On simulating leads in the Arctic sea ice using the new Lagrangian model neXtSIM, and on studying their impact on the ocean mixing, heat budget and primary production.

Simple box models that keep mixing into deep ocean fixed are wrong!

A slight change of ocean temperature (after a delay caused by the high specific heat of water, the annual mixing of thermocline waters with deeper waters in storms) ensures that rising CO2 reduces infrared absorbing H2O vapour while slightly increasing cloud cover (thus Earth's albedo), as evidenced by the fact that the NOAA data from 1948 - 2008 shows a fall in global humidity (not the positive feedback rise presumed by NASA's models!)