Not exact matches
The coup de grace is likely delivered to the old climate via new winds and an altered greenhouse, but
ocean changes may be what sets up the flip to a new
mode of operation — and, even more ultimately, it may be continental drift that sets up the
modes into which
ocean circulation can
shift.
More recent work is identifying climate
shifts working through the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Southern and Northern Annular
Modes (SAM and NAM), Artic Oscillation (AO), Indian
Ocean Dipole (IOD), North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and other measures of ocean and atmospheric st
Ocean Dipole (IOD), North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and other measures of
ocean and atmospheric st
ocean and atmospheric states.
When the
mode shifts south, the
ocean heat uptake will reduce and temperature will reduce because there is less land amplification.
«Trenberth and Fasullo found that after the massive El Niño event in 1998, the Pacific
Ocean appears to have
shifted into a new
mode of operation.
That is abrupt
shifts in the climate system that are captured in these
modes of atmospheric and
ocean circulation.
If the surface pressure distribution begins to
shift to a more meridional / equatorward pattern as it did around 2000 then if previously it was in a poleward / zonal
mode it is clear that warming will have ceased and cooling has begun due to more global cloudiness and less solar energy getting into the
oceans.
Collectively the processes produce 20 to 30 year warmer or cooler regimes of Pacific
Ocean sea surface temperature — and abrupt
shifts between that may be triggered by UV / ozone chemistry modulation of the polar annular
modes.
Those who pay attention to such things knew it would be warm; the central Pacific was plainly
shifting into its El Nino
mode, and when that happens, global temperatures rise a bit as energy is released from
ocean to atmosphere.