Sentences with phrase «ocean temperature»

CO2 is more soluble in colder than in warmer waters; therefore, changes in surface and deep ocean temperature have the potential to alter atmospheric CO2.

Most of Earth's land surfaces were warmer than average or much warmer than average, according to the Land & Ocean Temperature Percentiles map above, with record warmth notable across most of equatorial and northeastern South America and parts of southeastern Asia.

South of Spitzbergen, the oceans have been ice free the past 2 winters, reason being, the warm waters from the Gulf Stream are travelling further north, and closer to the ocean surface, only 25 meters at the last measurement, The ocean temperature has been +2 C instead of -2 C.

Nearly all of Eurasia, Africa, and the remainder of South America were much warmer than average, or within the top 10 percent of their historical records for their regions, according to the Land & Ocean Temperature Percentiles map above.

Possible mechanisms include (vii) changes in ocean temperature (and salinity), (viii) suppression of air - sea gas exchange by sea ice, and (ix) increased stratification in the Southern Ocean.

The former is likely to overestimate the true global surface air temperature trend (since the oceans do not warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the air temperature over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate than the ocean temperature.

Subsurface ocean temperature and salinity data from a world - wide network of free - driftingfloats, known as Argo, that constantly measure the temperature and salinity of the upper 2,000 meters of the ocean.

Figure 3 - Ocean temperature trends for the a) control (aka natural variability), b) early 20th century, and c) late 20th century, simulations.

See e.g. http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata/ZonAnn.Ts+dSST.txt — at 64 - 90N the GISS land - ocean temperature index for 1937 - 8 reached an average anomaly of +1.29 C, which was not surpassed again for a 2 - year period until 2002 - 3 (+1.33 C)

During the year, the global monthly ocean temperature anomaly ranged from +0.58 °C (+1.04 °F; February) to +0.86 °C (+1.55 °F; October), a difference of 0.28 °C (0.51 °F).

New research published this week in the Journal of Climate reveals that one key measurement — large - scale upper - ocean temperature changes caused by natural cycles of the ocean — is a good indicator of regional coastal sea level changes on these decadal timescales.

With this study, Severinghaus and colleagues have shown that measurements of noble gases in the atmosphere provide the historical record long sought by the scientific community, and can be further optimized to gain insights into modern ocean temperature changes as well.

Through comparison of the sea - surface temperature data extending back to the 1860s, it has been determined that the Earth's ocean temperature appears to pass through a 10 - year cycle as well as the 3 - year to 4 - year cycle.

GISS produces two estimates — the met station index (which does not cover a lot of the oceans), and a land - ocean index (which uses satellite ocean temperature changes in addition to the met stations).

The ratio of these gases in the atmosphere therefore allows for the calculation of average global ocean temperature.

``... In particular, there was a period in the late - 1980s and early - 1990s when retreat slowed down along most of the coast, and we don't see any cause for this in the temperature records — so there may be some other factors at work, perhaps ocean temperature.»

To remove this difference in magnitude and focus instead on the patterns of change, the authors scaled the vertical profiles of ocean temperature (area - weighted with respect to each vertical ocean layer) with the global surface air temperature trend of each period.

Western Arctic Ocean temperature variability during the last 8000 years.

This all - time monthly record was broken in August 2015 (+0.78 °C / +1.40 °F), then broken again in September (+0.83 °C / +1.49 °F), and then broken once more in October (0.86 °C / 1.55 °F)-- making three all - time new monthly high global ocean temperature records set in a single calendar year.

This was accomplished using a stochastic climate model based on the concept that ocean temperature variability is a slow dynamical system, a red noise signal, generated by integrating stochastic atmospheric forcing, or white noise71.

We obtained daily in situ measurements of ocean temperature at six century - scale monitoring stations (see Table 1).

While centennial increases in ocean surface temperatures have been extensively reported35, 36, global trends in ocean temperature extremes remain largely unexplored.

From 1966 to 2003 the modeled mean world ocean temperature in the upper 700 m increased 0.097 Â °C and by 0.137 Â °C according to observations (Levitus et al., 2005); the modeled mean temperature adjusted for sea ice in the corresponding layer of the Arctic Ocean increased 0.203 Â °C.

Update 13 March 2008: NASA GISS have updated the Land Ocean Temperature Index.

Ocean temperature has decreased since 2003.

«The average ocean temperature is much warmer than Siberia, initially suggesting that the formation of subsea pingos could not be recent, as anticipated for pingos in cold Siberian environments.

The surface ocean temperature is a large component of the total global temperature.

``... We present a new analysis of millions of ocean temperature profiles designed to filter out local dynamical changes to give a more consistent view of the underlying warming.

Naturally this article fails to mention that since the hydrosphere is 271 times as massive as the atmosphere, if oceans are absorbing the heat they are likely to moderate AGW into a nonproblem, as the average ocean temperature has only changed by.1 degrees in 50 years, an amount that is probably smaller than measurement error.

Obervations such as ocean temperature support it.

Regional trends are notoriously problematic for models, and seems more likely to me that the underprediction of European warming has to do with either the modeled ocean temperature pattern, the modelled atmospheric response to this pattern, or some problem related to the local hydrological cycle and boundary layer moisture dynamics.

According to the Land & Ocean Temperature Percentile map above, a region of coastal west Africa, part of Greece, northwestern Iran, much of the southern Philippines, and central and south central Australia were record warm for the period.

The study reports that glaciers flowing to the coast on the western side of the Peninsula show a distinct spatial correlation with ocean temperature patterns, with those in the south retreating rapidly but those in the north showing little change.

Cruise participants had expected that physical oceanographic data such as ocean temperature and salinity would be quarantined by Russian officials for some months.

According to the Land & Ocean Temperature Percentiles map above, monthly record warmth was observed over much of northern Canada, far northwestern Russia, southern Japan, the Philippines, part of southwestern China, and central southern Africa.

And that melt rate is positively correlated with ocean temperature.

The global ocean temperature was a major contributor to the global average, as its departure from average for the period was also highest on record, at 0.63 °C (1.13 °F) above average.

Isn't the main problem that, even if we stopped adding any fossil - fuel - derived CO2 to the atmosphere, the ocean circulations haven't yet reached «steady state» — i.e., a stable thermocline and deep ocean temperature — and therefore THAT is the source of the Hansen et al. «heat in the pipeline»?

Here we show that variation in phytoplankton temperature optima over 150 degrees of latitude is well explained by a gradient in mean ocean temperature.

In addition, global sea level can fluctuate due to climate patterns such as El Niños and La Niñas (the opposing phases of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, or ENSO) which influence ocean temperature and global precipitation patterns.

A detailed, long - term ocean temperature record derived from corals on Christmas Island in Kiribati and other islands in the tropical Pacific shows that the extreme warmth of recent El Niño events reflects not just the natural ocean - atmosphere cycle but a new factor: global warming caused by human activity.

So DNA from buried sediments could be used to track the abundance of different species over time, revealing changes in ocean temperature.

These currents are driven by winds, ocean temperature and salinity differences, and are efficient at distributing heat and carbon around the globe.

The quarrel began with a paper by NOAA scientists published 5 June in Science that revised historical atmosphere and ocean temperature data records found to have been poorly calibrated.

«NASA has access to large - scale oceanographic data sets ranging from primary productivity to ocean temperature, currents and wind,» Moore said.

Hare is among the researchers working on incorporating ocean temperature into the models to better reflect that uncertainty.

The man - made part of the disaster, caused by burning fossil fuels, has increased ocean temperature an average of 1.33 degrees Fahrenheit since the start of the Industrial Revolution, according to a study in Science.

The ideal combination of high ocean temperature, soaring humidity and slow prevailing winds created the record - breaking beast

According to NOAA, the global average ocean temperature for the first half of the year is 1.42 °F (0.79 °C) above the 20th century average, the largest such departure in 137 years of records.

The West Antarctic ice sheet is a marine - based ice sheet that is mostly grounded below sea level, which makes it much more susceptible to changes in sea level and variations in ocean temperature.