For example in the technical summary, it says:» The global combined land and
ocean temperature data show an increase of about 0.8 °C over the period 1901 — 2010 and about 0.5 °C over the period 1979 — 2010.
In fact, «Atlantic
Ocean temperature data shows that this is just the latest manifestation of a long - running hurricane cycle that dates back to at least 1870,» said Landsea.»
Not exact matches
«The
data showed that both greenhouse gases and sea surface
temperature anomalies contributed strongly to the risk of snow drought in Oregon and Washington,» said Mote, a professor in OSU's College of Earth,
Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences.
The first image, based on
data from January 1997 when El Nio was still strengthening
shows a sea level rise along the Equator in the eastern Pacific
Ocean of up to 34 centimeters with the red colors indicating an associated change in sea surface
temperature of up to 5.4 degrees C.
The NOAA report card on the Arctic was based on the CRUTEM 3v
data set (see figure below) which excludes
temperatures over the
ocean — thus
showing an even less complete picture of the Arctic
temperatures.
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface
temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive
Ocean - Atmosphere
Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2
Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional
data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2
data)
shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
The NOAA report card on the Arctic was based on the CRUTEM 3v
data set (see figure below) which excludes
temperatures over the
ocean — thus
showing an even less complete picture of the Arctic
temperatures.
can point me to the
data that
show that global
ocean temperatures are decreasing (if they are?)
By contrast, there is quite a lot of
data now telling us that CO2 is not a climate driver: We did the experiment of adding a large slug of CO2 to the air and the
temperature stopped rising in 1997, the stratosphere stopped cooling in 1995 and the
oceans showed no warming down to 700m when we replaced guesswork with accurate measurement in 2003.
I also suspect that a good portion of the additional warming
shown in the hybrid version of the Cowtan and Way (2013)
data (versus their Krig
data) comes from the Southern
Ocean surrounding Antarctica, where sea surface
temperatures are cooling and lower troposphere
temperatures are warming.
Shaviv has one chart in his paper that
show «Maximum annual depth (in meters) of the mixed layer based on the
ocean temperature data set of Levitus and Boyer.»
A comparison of HadSST2 with the NCDC
temperature data, and of the unadjusted HadSST3 (i.e. without the new bias corrections) with NCDC using only common coverage
ocean cells is
shown in right panel of Figure 2.
However, comparison of the global, annual mean time series of near - surface
temperature (approximately 0 to 5 m depth) from this analysis and the corresponding SST series based on a subset of the International Comprehensive
Ocean - Atmosphere
Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2
Data Set (ICOADS) database (approximately 134 million SST observations; Smith and Reynolds, 2003 and additional
data) shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2
data)
shows a high correlation (r = 0.96) for the period 1955 to 2005.
Show data which
shows ocean heat content increasing and sea surface
temperatures increasing during a prolonged solar minimum period or vice versa.
Other SAT
data sets such as the Climatic Research Unit
Temperature, version 4, (CRUTEM4; Osborn and Jones 2014), and the Merged Land —
Ocean Surface
Temperature analysis (MLOST), version 3.5, (Vose et al. 2012) give similar results (not
shown).
Because the GISS analysis combines available sea surface
temperature records with meteorological station measurements, we test alternative choices for the
ocean data,
showing that global
temperature change is sensitive to estimated
temperature change in polar regions where observations are limited.
The near - linear rate of anthropogenic warming (predominantly from anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is
shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of
ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using
data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between
temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to
ocean mixing»
Earlier this year he spoke at the prestigious TED conference in Long Beach, Calif., and stated what may seem a non-threatening fact:
data collected from 3,000 Argo floats that record
temperatures around the world's
oceans at different depths
showed that the earth's energy imbalance is precisely «six - tenths of a watt per square metre.»
In short, the MARGO
data for the
ocean show very small
temperature change from the ice age to today, and thus lead to the low climate sensitivity, but they disagree with some independent estimates
showing larger
temperature change.
A slight change of
ocean temperature (after a delay caused by the high specific heat of water, the annual mixing of thermocline waters with deeper waters in storms) ensures that rising CO2 reduces infrared absorbing H2O vapour while slightly increasing cloud cover (thus Earth's albedo), as evidenced by the fact that the NOAA
data from 1948 - 2008
shows a fall in global humidity (not the positive feedback rise presumed by NASA's models!)
«The
data are very strong that the planet is warming, as
shown by analyses by NASA, NOAA, the Berkeley Earth group and others, by
data from thermometers in the air including those well away from cities, thermometers in the
ocean and in the ground, taken up by balloons and looking down from space, and changes in
temperature - sensitive snow and ice and plants and animals,» said Alley.
Kevin C's excellent trend tool
shows us what the new
data mean for the surface
temperature trend since 1970: it's about +0.17 C per decade, but there's a range in that because short term wiggles are caused by things like the El Nino - La Nina cycle in the Pacific which warm or cool the atmosphere by storing or releasing heat from the
oceans.
Observational climate
data also
showed that sea surface
temperatures in the Pacific
Ocean have a significant influence on summer air
temperatures in the eastern U.S.
Earth's global average surface
temperature has risen as
shown in this plot of combined land and
ocean measurements from 1850 to 2012, derived from three independent analyses of the available
data sets.
The dust −
temperature relationships for the Southern
Ocean and Chinese Loess are
shown in Fig. 3 B and C. To further minimize possible issues connected with time scales,
data uncertainty, and uneven
data distribution across
temperature ranges, we collect the dust deposition −
temperature data points for each
data set combination in Fig. 3 into four bins (see Materials and Methods).
Dr. Lowell Stott, professor of earth sciences at the University of Southern California, said that his team's study of ice - core
data showed that the heating of the
oceans caused a release of CO2, with the rising
temperatures preceding rising CO2 levels by about 1,000 years.
This is likely one reason that the satellite and
ocean heat
data show significantly less global warming in recent years than does the surface
temperature data.
More recent documentation (Hansen et al. 2010) compares alternative analyses and addresses questions about perception and reality of global warming; various choices for the
ocean data are tested; it is also
shown that global
temperature change is sensitive to estimated
temperature change in polar regions, where observations are limited.
Christy countered claims by some climatologists that the satellite
data doesn't
show an increase in surface
temperature because the «missing heat» was absorbed by the
oceans.
The raw
temperature data show a significant (from 2003 to present) decline in
ocean temperature in the upper 700m.
As
shown in the above linked essay, there is nothing in the
ocean heat content
data or satellite - era sea surface
temperature data to indicate that manmade greenhouse gases have had any impact on the warming of the global
oceans.
... then why do the vertical mean
temperature anomalies (NODC 0 - 2000 meter
data) of the Pacific
Ocean as a whole and of the North Atlantic fail to
show any warming over the past decade, a period when ARGO floats have measured subsurface
temperatures, providing reasonably complete coverage of the global
oceans?
The globally averaged combined land and
ocean surface
temperature data as calculated by a linear trend
show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C over the period 1880 to 2012