Sentences with phrase «ocean trend of»

For the period 1993 to 2003, the Levitus et al. (2005a) analysis has a linear global ocean trend of 0.42 ± 0.18 W m — 2, Willis et al. (2004) has a trend of 0.66 ± 0.18 W m — 2 and Ishii et al. (2006) a trend of 0.33 ± 0.18 W m — 2.

(How about deep ocean trends of thousands of years?

Not exact matches

The two «horizon'trends I, as well as the Mintel Global Packaging Team see, are the challenges of ocean plastics and e-commerce packaging.

The market researcher also notes «Ocean Garden» as one of its 2018 trends, where the industry is looking towards the sea as a source for ingredients and more holistic nutrition inspiration.

While natural patterns of certain atmospheric and ocean conditions are already known to influence Greenland melt, the study highlights the importance of a long - term warming trend to account for the unprecedented west Greenland melt rates in recent years.

The pattern isn't as evident in the northern Atlantic Ocean as it is in the southern Indian Ocean and the southern Pacific Ocean, but if the trend continues, it means more intense hurricanes in places of greater population.

Several studies linked this to changes in sea surface temperatures in the western Pacific and Indian Oceans, but it was not clear if this was part of a long - term trend.

The scientists, led by Eric Oliver of Dalhousie University in Canada, investigated long - term heat wave trends using a combination of satellite data collected since the 1980s and direct ocean temperature measurements collected throughout the 21st century to construct a nearly 100 - year record of marine heat wave frequency and duration around the world.

Although the impact of SAM events over the short term was an interesting finding, it was the long - term trend over multiple decades of observations that gave a crucial indication of the changes occurring in the Southern Ocean.

Sea - level rise and coral bleaching often dominate discussions about how climate change affects the ocean, but a host of more subtle — and harder to research — trends also play a role in reshaping the world's marine ecosystems.

«We can't do much to quickly reverse the trends of ocean warming or ocean acidification, which are both real threats that must be addressed.

A new study, the most comprehensive ever on seasonal distribution patterns and historic trends in abundance of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the western North Atlantic Ocean, used records compiled over more than 200 years to update knowledge and fill in gaps in information about this species.

«These results help resolve a divergence in climate trends of the past 2,000 years recorded in marine sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean, compared with those recorded in fossil pollen from the continents of North America and Europe,» says Jonathan Wynn, program director in NSF's Division of Earth Sciences, which co-funded a portion of the research with NSF's Division of Environmental Biology.

Climate modeling shows that the trends of warming ocean temperatures, stronger winds and increasingly strong upwelling events are expected to continue in the coming years as carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere increase.

The results suggest that the impact of sea ice seems critical for the Arctic surface temperature changes, but the temperature trend elsewhere seems rather due mainly to changes in ocean surface temperatures and atmospheric variability.

Given the obvious concerns for human ecological health — in terms of climate change, heavy metal toxification, indoor air quality, air pollution, plastics in the oceans, and things like that — there will be a large - scale trend to buildings that start to act like organisms.

The trends revealed by the data were clear: The average albedo in the northern area of the Arctic Ocean, including open water and sea ice, is declining in all summer months (May - August).

Suomi NPP's job is to collect environmental observations of atmosphere, ocean and land for both NOAA's weather and oceanography operational missions and NASA's research mission to continue the long - term climate record to better understand Earth's climate and long - term trends.

«A fundamental question has been whether we can directly link expansion of harmful algal blooms to a warming ocean; this paper provides critical, quantitative evidence for just that trend, confirming an expected, but difficult to test, direct link between toxic blooms to climate,» said Dr. Raphael Kudela, Professor of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, a national toxic algae expert who was not part of the socean; this paper provides critical, quantitative evidence for just that trend, confirming an expected, but difficult to test, direct link between toxic blooms to climate,» said Dr. Raphael Kudela, Professor of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, a national toxic algae expert who was not part of the sOcean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, a national toxic algae expert who was not part of the study.

For example, at this point only about 5 % of the world's oceans are surveyed well enough to detect the presence of rare cetacean species or trends in common ones.

Gregoire created the panel earlier this year to examine the implications of dropping pH levels in seawater, a trend caused by the ocean's absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

«The impact on our estimates of the trends, especially over the oceans, does seem noteworthy.»

So the report notes that the current «pause» in new global average temperature records since 1998 — a year that saw the second strongest El Nino on record and shattered warming records — does not reflect the long - term trend and may be explained by the oceans absorbing the majority of the extra heat trapped by greenhouse gases as well as the cooling contributions of volcanic eruptions.

«This is the world's largest meeting of marine mammal professionals, and the place we all compare notes and look for patterns and trends that help us piece together important changes out in the ocean,» said NOAA Fisheries research scientist Jay Barlow, a co-author of the new humpback research and president - elect of the Society.

This sustained climate warming will drive the ocean's fishery yields into steep decline 200 years from now and that trend could last at least a millennium, according to University of California, Irvine, and Cornell University researchers in Science, March 9.

Your statement that «Thus it is natural to look at the real world and see whether there is evidence that it behaves in the same way (and it appears to, since model hindcasts of past changes match observations very well)» seems to indicate that you think there will be no changes in ocean circulation or land use trends, nor any subsequent changes in cloud responses thereto or other atmospheric circulation.

Regional trends are notoriously problematic for models, and seems more likely to me that the underprediction of European warming has to do with either the modeled ocean temperature pattern, the modelled atmospheric response to this pattern, or some problem related to the local hydrological cycle and boundary layer moisture dynamics.

Gentlepeople, well done on nipping any controversy in the bud — as usual; though I'm left wondering if the warming trend isn't related to a subject that i'd like to see Real Climate Address more often; The possible shut - down of The North Atlantic Conveyor — as extreme warming of the Southern Oceans, along with the plunging of Europe into a new Ice Age would be the result of this, as I'm sure you all know.

Observations of upper ocean heat show some short term cooling but measurements to greater depths (down to 2000 metres) show a steady warming trend: However, the ocean cooling myth does seem to be widespread so I'll shortly update this page to clarify the issue.

Indeed, Hoerling and Kumar, in their ’03 Science article «The Perfect Ocean for Drought», make a fairly compelling argument that this trend is associated with a trend towards enhanced drought in regions such as the desert southwest of the U.S., a pattern we typically associate with «La Nina».

Time series of temperature anomaly for all waters warmer than 14 °C show large reductions in interannual to inter-decadal variability and a more spatially uniform upper ocean warming trend (0.12 Wm − 2 on average) than previous results.

Given the strength of the Hurst coefficients — something we all agree on — is it not possible that a large portion of the current warming trend is a product of internal climate variability, as mediated by complex dynamics of ocean circulation?

To confirm these trends and find out what was behind them, Ritter et al. used the products of the Surface Ocean pCO2 Mapping (SOCOM) intercomparison project to track carbon dioxide (CO2) trends in the Southern Ocean.

Shifts in internal temperature variability, measured through SST variance and skewness, are also occurring and contribute to much of the MHW trends observed over the remainder of the global ocean, particularly for MHW duration and intensity.

In the lower left panel of Figure 1, which shows temperature trends since 1979, the pattern in the Pacific Ocean features warming and cooling regions related to El Niño.

If we think of hurricanes as Stirling heat engines, then we realize that the two reservoirs are the mixed layer of the surface ocean (1) and the upper atmosphere (2); note that there is a general trend of stratospheric cooling as well.

In fact, we find the model range is an excellent predictor of observed trends and their uncertainty due to random chaotic processes in the atmosphere and ocean.»

blaming the results reported in Nature on a» chain of heat - venting sub-sea islands», which given the continental trend, seems even more bizarre than invoking volcanic activity in the Arctic ocean

This trend is key because the oceans absorb about 93 percent of all the excess heat trapped by greenhouse gases.

However, if one downweights these two events (either by eliminating or, as in Cane et al» 97, using a «robust» trend), then an argument can be made for a long - term pattern which is in some respects more «La Nina» - like, i.e. little warming in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, and far more warming in the western equatorial Pacific and Indian oceans, associated with a strengthening, not weakening, of the negative equatorial Pacific zonal SST gradient.

Our general circulation model simulations, which take into account the recently observed widespread occurrence of vertically extended atmospheric brown clouds over the Indian Ocean and Asia3, suggest that atmospheric brown clouds contribute as much as the recent increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gases to regional lower atmospheric warming trends.

«The challenge is really first understanding what the natural variability looks like in this data - poor region, and then making measurements long enough that we can tease out the long - term ocean acidification trend, which is this gradual increase through time,» he said «It's really hard to see with just one or two years of data.»

To remove this difference in magnitude and focus instead on the patterns of change, the authors scaled the vertical profiles of ocean temperature (area - weighted with respect to each vertical ocean layer) with the global surface air temperature trend of each period.

(1) The warm sea surface temperatures are not just some short - term anomaly but are part of a long - term observed warming trend, in which ocean temperatures off the US east coast are warming faster than global average temperatures.

From his own research in chemical oceanography, along with data from a number of recent studies, Weber points out that some negative consequences of greenhouse gas emissions and warming «are manifesting faster than previously predicted,» including ocean acidification and oxygen loss, which are expected to affect «a large fraction of marine species if current trends continue unchecked.»

Over the period 1984 — 2006 the global changes are 0.28 °C in SST and − 9.1 W m − 2 in Q, giving an effective air — sea coupling coefficient of − 32 W m − 2 °C − 1... [D] iminished ocean cooling due to vertical ocean processes played an important role in sustaining the observed positive trend in global SST from 1984 through 2006, despite the decrease in global surface heat flux.

The study highlighted significant impacts of this trend, including land clearing for farming, logging and settlement; introduction of invasive species; carbon emissions leading to climate change and ocean acidification; and toxins that poison the ecosystem.

Based on the linear trend, for the 0 to 3,000 m layer for the period 1961 to 2003 there has been an increase of ocean heat content of approximately 14.2 ± 2.4 × 1022 J, corresponding to a global ocean volume mean temperature increase of 0.037 °C during this period.

Linear trends (1955 — 2003) of change in ocean heat content per unit surface area (W m — 2) for the 0 to 700 m layer, based on the work of Levitus et al. (2005a).

Linear trend (1955 — 2003) of zonally averaged temperature in the upper 1,500 m of the water column of the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian and World Oceans.