The ocean has warmed significantly over the past decade and a half, a new study based on different sources of
ocean warming data suggests.
This ocean warming data is the clearest nail in that coffin.
Not exact matches
Paleoclimate
data point to a
warm tropical
ocean with a clear east - west temperature gradient during the
warm climates of the Pliocene and Miocene.
Using these
data, researchers fine - tuned estimates from previous foram studies that captured polar conditions to show tropical
oceans warmed substantially in the Eocene, but not as much as polar
oceans.
RAPID RETREAT New seafloor
data reveal that Køge Bugt (shown) and other fast - retreating glaciers in southeastern Greenland sit within deep fjords, allowing
warm Atlantic
Ocean water to speed up melting.
«The new
data set will allow us to check if our
ocean models can correctly represent changes in the flow of
warm water under ice shelves,» he added.
After further analysis of the
data, the scientists found that although a strong El Niño changes wind patterns in West Antarctica in a way that promotes flow of
warm ocean waters towards the ice shelves to increase melting from below, it also increases snowfall particularly along the Amundsen Sea sector.
The other
ocean temperature study, also published Sunday in Climate Nature Change, used Argo and other
data to tentatively conclude that all of the
ocean warming from 2005 to 2013 had occurred above depths of 6,500 feet.
They are gathering and transmitting
data that's providing scientists with the clearest - ever pictures of the hitherto - unfathomed extent of
ocean warming.
But a previous round in the 1980s - before global
warming was an issue - attracted similar sums, according to
data from the U.S. Bureau of
Ocean Energy Management.
Analyzing
data collected over a 20 - month period, scientists from NASA's Goddard Space Flight center in Greenbelt, Md., and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the number of cirrus clouds above the Pacific
Ocean declines with
warmer sea surface temperatures.
So far the team has looked only at
data from the Pacific
Ocean region, but if other tropical
oceans have the same effect, Earth may be well equipped to handle global
warming.
As Stephen C. Riser and M. Susan Lozier note in their February 2013 Scientific American article, «Rethinking the Gulf Stream,» «A comparison of the Argo
data with
ocean observations from the 1980s, carried out by Dean Roemmich and John Gilson of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, shows that the upper few hundred meters of the
oceans have
warmed by about 0.2 degree C in the past 20 years.
Scientists can confidently say that Earth is
warming due to greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans, but
data on climate trends over the Antarctic and the surrounding Southern
Ocean only go back to 1979 when regular satellite observations began.
The scientists used
data from the Argo floats to figure out by how much the upper
oceans have
warmed and expanded.
Invasive species are entering the region with or without shipping, says Ted Scambos of the National Snow and Ice
Data Center in Colorado;
warming of the Arctic
Ocean's surface temperatures has already increased mixing with foreign waters and all the microbes they contain.
Using float
data, scientists recalibrated sparse historical measurements and estimates of
ocean warming, concluding that the upper 2,700 feet of the world's
oceans had
warmed by between a quarter and a half more than had previously been realized.
Comparing disease statistics with climate
data, he found that the outbreaks roughly coincided with El Niño, the
warm Pacific
Ocean current that brings higher temperatures and rainfall to this part of Peru.
The reason could be linked to rising sea surface temperatures — fueled in part by global
warming — as seen in
ocean buoy
data collected along the U.S. coast.
Firstly, it scrutinises 6 years worth of
data while ignoring the last 40 years of
ocean warming.
From his own research in chemical oceanography, along with
data from a number of recent studies, Weber points out that some negative consequences of greenhouse gas emissions and
warming «are manifesting faster than previously predicted,» including
ocean acidification and oxygen loss, which are expected to affect «a large fraction of marine species if current trends continue unchecked.»
Other, more stable
data sets, such as satellite, radiosonde and
ocean temperatures yield smaller
warming trends.
What kind of arguments and
data support the assertion that
ocean circulation can't be responsible for
warming on a timescale of decades, and that some sustained forcing (e.g. solar or GHGs) must be causing a long - lived energy imbalance?
Very recent, wide ranging review of temperature measurements in the
oceans with a detailed discussion of the accuracy of the
data, planetary energy balance and the effect of the
warming on sea levels.
The basic fact of
warming is supported by a huge array of complementary
data (
ocean warming, ice melting, phenology etc).
Remember too that
ocean heat content increases were a predicted consequence of GHG - driven
warming well before the
ocean data was clear enough to demonstrate it.
The less
data you collect on global
warming, the more room there is for a handful of denialists to claim that it isn't really happening — that's been the story on
ocean warming for the past decade, hasn't it?
In the non-stationary environment caused by
ocean warming, traditional approaches, which are solely based on analysing historical
data, increasingly fail to estimate today's hazard probabilities.
There is definitely more to learn about how climate behaves and there are now
data sets for
ocean warming and carbon dioxide distribution that could benefit from better surface temperature measurements.
... a pronounced strengthening in Pacific trade winds over the past two decades — unprecedented in observations / reanalysis
data and not captured by climate models — is sufficient to account for the cooling of the tropical Pacific and a substantial slowdown in surface
warming through increased subsurface
ocean heat uptake.
Another example would be the
data showing some expected
warming in the surface / mid layers of the
oceans as reported by Levitus et.
In order to truly call global
warming into question, one would also have to prove satellite
data, borehole analysis, glacial melt, sea ice melt, sea level rise, proxy
data, and rising
ocean -LSB-...]
I am sure if the Argo system had brought back
data that showed
warming of the
oceans it would have been your lead story.
What the independent — ERBS and ISCCP - FD —
data shows is strong cooling in IR and strong
warming in SW — associated with
ocean states and cloud cover — in the 80's and 90's.
Abstract:... Here we show that a pronounced strengthening in Pacific trade winds over the past two decades — unprecedented in observations / reanalysis
data and not captured by climate models — is sufficient to account for the cooling of the tropical Pacific and a substantial slowdown in surface
warming through increased subsurface
ocean heat uptake.
No doubt the southern
ocean, featured strongly by Hansen et al, plays an important role, but
data there are poor, and change is not well known; in particular the recent hiatus in global
warming greatly influences any observations, which can therefore be quite misleading wrt trends.
«With the improvements to the land and
ocean data sets and the addition of two more years of
data, NCEI scientists found that there has been no hiatus in the global rate of
warming.
Two things can be going on here, firstly, the loss in the tropics may be more than compensated for in the rest of the world (which is consistent with the extensive Southern
Ocean warming observed by Gille (2002)-RRB-, and secondly, the
data from the tropics may be less complete or accurate than claimed, although I am not aware of any specific reasons why that might be.
From what I see from the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) of land temperatures and the Comprehensive
Ocean - Atmosphere
Data Set (COADS) of SST data, temperatures there were higher around the 1930's than now, and there is not much long term warming trend, except for the past few ye
Data Set (COADS) of SST
data, temperatures there were higher around the 1930's than now, and there is not much long term warming trend, except for the past few ye
data, temperatures there were higher around the 1930's than now, and there is not much long term
warming trend, except for the past few years.
Other validating
data for the corrected surface temperature record comes from the
oceans, which have also been
warming in recent decades.
Indeed, Argo
data show no
warming in the upper
ocean over the past four years, but this does not contradict the climate models.
That said, the independent
ocean and land
data show roughly consistent
warming rates.
Re: # 48: We didn't incorporate any
ocean data other than SST in our analysis, so I can't really comment on the effects of a
warming at depth.
I've read the guest post from Peter Minnet but as far as I know the experimental
data, while interesting, is not yet part of a peer reviewed study.So I'm not aware of solid evidence that CO2 directly
warms the
ocean.
But there do seem to be significant discrepancies in differential rates of
warming between land and
ocean in the three surface
data sets.
[Response: I would point out that if you look at the combined
ocean and land
data for the tropics (available at the GISS web site), the
ocean (still part of the surface after all) shows significant and widespread
warming.
That implies the existence of
data from 110E to 130E which meets the putative criteria for the Lindzen et al. analysis — open
ocean NW of Australia and
warm pool
ocean in the Indonesian archipelago.
The 2005 Jan - Sep land
data (which is adjusted for urban biases) is higher than the previously
warmest year (0.76 °C compared to the 1998 anomaly of 0.75 °C for the same months, and a 0.71 °C anomaly for the whole year), while the land -
ocean temperature index (which includes sea surface temperature
data) is trailing slightly behind (0.58 °C compared to 0.60 °C Jan - Sep, 0.56 °C for the whole of 1998).
(look at Hadley SST
data for example) I think you are agree that thermal flux in the
ocean can change considerably the amplitude of global
warming.
Since mid-2003 through the latest
data that I have seen, there has been no annual average
warming or cooling in the upper
oceans.