Much of the blame for this can, of course, be attributed to lax regulations; in the U.S., the first (and last) major wave of national
legislation addressing
ocean and coastal conservation was enacted in the 1970s, with the enactment of the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) and Coastal
Zone Management Act (CZMA), amongst others.In recent years, we've seen coastal states taking the initiative in forming regional partnerships aimed at protecting and promoting their dwindling oceanic and coastal resources.