Sentences with phrase «oceans and atmosphere over»

Severinghaus discovered that xenon and krypton are well preserved in ice cores, which provides the temperature information that can then be used by scientists studying many other aspects of the earth's oceans and atmosphere over hundreds of thousands of years.

So they created a set of global climate models to analyze the ocean and atmosphere over a 40 - year period, keeping carbon dioxide levels fixed.

Abstract: Decadal fluctuations of the ocean and atmosphere over the North Pacific Ocean significantly affect the weather and climate of North America and Eurasia.

The relatively steady rate of warming of both ocean and atmosphere over the past four decades indicates that this must be caused by another process.

Not exact matches

«THE END OF DAYS is near» January 1213 the earth will wobble causing earthquakes, lava will spill all over the earth the oceans will rise changing the topography, the atmosphere will be consumed, our planet will die and orbit just like our mom, a gusted, dust, desolate planet.

But over the last 20 years or so we've realized that that was quite wrong, and that large - scale ocean and atmosphere patterns are significantly more powerful in terms of shaping where the rains fall.»

After two years of spiralling closer and closer to Earth, the Chinese space station Tiangong - 1 has come crashing through the atmosphere over the Pacific Ocean

The ash was deposited on the seafloor after being blown through plumes that rose miles into the atmosphere and drifted over the ocean.

Over the last 50 years, we've thought the oceans and atmosphere are big enough that we don't need any rules.

As a result — and for reasons that remain unexplained — the waters of the Southern Ocean may have begun to release carbon dioxide, enough to raise concentrations in the atmosphere by more than 100 parts per million over millennia — roughly equivalent to the rise in the last 200 years.

«While advances in science and technology and improved safety practices have significantly reduced the threat of oil spills in Canadian waters over the past few decades, much about the fate, environmental impacts and remediation of oil spills remain poorly understood,» said Kenneth Lee, the director of Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Perth, Western Australia and chair of the seven - member panel.

When carbon dioxide, CO2, from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, it forms carbonic acid (the same thing that makes soda fizz), making the ocean more acidic and decreasing the ocean's pH. This increase in acidity makes it more difficult for many marine organisms to grow their shells and skeletons, and threatens coral reefs the world over.

Analysis of the inclusions also suggests that the way that carbon is exchanged and deposited between the atmosphere, biosphere, oceans and geosphere may have changed significantly over the past 2.5 billion years.

«This means clumps of atoms surrounded by a bath at some temperature, like the atmosphere or the ocean, should tend over time to arrange themselves to resonate better and better with the sources of mechanical, electromagnetic or chemical work in their environments,» England explained.

At least over the oceans, the pre-industrial cloud conditions would have been considerably different from those of today; this implies that the aerosols we have been adding to the atmosphere may have had a significant effect on global patterns of cloud formation and rain.

In an email to his staff last week, Larry Marshall, chief executive of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) in Canberra, «stated that up to 350 jobs could be eliminated over the next 2 years, including 110 positions in the Oceans and Atmosphere division, the bulwark of CSIRO's climate research,» Leigh Dayton reported in this week's issue of Science.

A study examined three different factors: warmer - than - usual surface atmosphere conditions (related to global warming); sea - ice thinning prior to the melting season (also related to global warming); and an August storm that passed over the Arctic, stirring up the ocean, fracturing the sea ice and sending it southward to warmer climes.

Understanding how carbon flows between land, air and water is key to predicting how much greenhouse gas emissions the earth, atmosphere and ocean can tolerate over a given time period to keep global warming and climate change at thresholds considered tolerable.

The soot from these fires and from automobiles and buses in the ever more crowded cities rises into the atmosphere and drifts out over the Indian Ocean, changing the atmospheric dynamics upon which the monsoons depend.

Burning red - hot from its passage through the atmosphere and trailing streaks of vapour, the meteor train moved south - east, passing just a few kilometres north of New York and then out over the Atlantic Ocean.

«If all of the Earth's water is on the surface, that gives us one interpretation of the water cycle, where we can think of water cycling from oceans into the atmosphere and into the groundwater over millions of years,» she said.

«Constant assault» anticipated Rubio will chair the oceans, atmosphere and fisheries subcommittee that has jurisdiction over the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)-- the agency that focuses on the health of the oceans and atmosphere.

Pete Best writes: > It seems that the oceans have absorbed much heat > over the summer but have relased it into the > atmosphere which has caused the ocean to freeze > quickly and oddly

It seems that the oceans have absorbed much heat over the summer but have relased it into the atmosphere which has caused the ocean to freeze quickly and oddly even though the atmosphere is warmer than usual.

The observed fact that temperatures increases slower over the oceans than over land demonstrates that the large heat capacity of the ocean tries to hold back the warming of the air over the ocean and produces a delay at the surface but nevertheless the atmosphere responds quit rapidly to increasing greenhouse gases.

Ocean scientists plan to maintain their observations over months and years to study how the Earth, ocean, and atmosphere evolve and inteOcean scientists plan to maintain their observations over months and years to study how the Earth, ocean, and atmosphere evolve and inteocean, and atmosphere evolve and interact.

The decrease over the last 20 years is well substantiated by observation and is indistinguishable from the calculated decline assuming that the surface ocean is in near thermodynamic equilibrium with increasing CO2 concentration of the atmosphere.

The carbon cycle defines the fate of CO2 injected into the air by fossil fuel burning [1], [168] as the additional CO2 distributes itself over time among surface carbon reservoirs: the atmosphere, ocean, soil, and biosphere.

The worse news is that it's immensely wasteful; it can take up to three litres of water to make just one litre of bottled, and of the thousands of empty plastic bottles produced, over 60 per cent of them end up in landfills or oceans, polluting the atmosphere and poisoning wildlife.

They are known for the atmosphere they create, from a great selection of games and eating together, to campfires, releasing Chinese lanterns over the ocean and swimming with the bio-plankton at night.

When Santa Ana conditions prevail, with winds in the lower two to three kilometers (1.25 - 1.8 miles) of the atmosphere from the north through east, the air over the coastal basin is extremely dry, and this dry air extends out over offshore waters of the Pacific Ocean.

The high characteristic roof construction and the huge window frame with a view over the park / through to the ocean determine the atmosphere of the Top Room (42 m2).

Each room and villa offers peaceful atmosphere and the spectacular view over the Indian Ocean.

They need to know: what a GHG is and how the GHE works; the carbon cycle; how climate has changed over the entire geologic history of the planet; how the climate has changed recently (relatively speaking); the main variables of climate like temperature, rainfall, etc.; the role of the sun, atmosphere and oceans on climate.

In addition, since the global surface temperature records are a measure that responds to albedo changes (volcanic aerosols, cloud cover, land use, snow and ice cover) solar output, and differences in partition of various forcings into the oceans / atmosphere / land / cryosphere, teasing out just the effect of CO2 + water vapor over the short term is difficult to impossible.

If the oceans were driving energy into the atmosphere (over a significantly long enough period to account for observed warming trends in the atmosphere, then I imagine we'd also see the TOA warming and consequently more energy (power, taken per unit time) radiating into space.

Pete Best writes: > It seems that the oceans have absorbed much heat > over the summer but have relased it into the > atmosphere which has caused the ocean to freeze > quickly and oddly

It seems that the oceans have absorbed much heat over the summer but have relased it into the atmosphere which has caused the ocean to freeze quickly and oddly even though the atmosphere is warmer than usual.

Unprecedented amounts of greenhouse gases (at least over the last few hundred thousand years) continue to accumulate in the atmosphere and the global climate (land surface, ocean, glaciers, stratosphere) continues to respond as predicted by theory and models.

Soundbite version: «Global warming is expected to increase sea surface temperatures, create a thicker and warmer ocean surface layer, and increase the moisture in the atmosphere over the oceans — all conditions that should lead to a general increase in hurricane intensity and maybe frequency.»

I acknowledge that temperature variations can vary over the earth's surface, and that heat can be stored / released by vertical processes in the atmosphere and ocean.

In Relationships between Water Vapor Path and Precipitation over the Tropical Oceans, Bretherton et al showed that although the Western Pacific warmer surface waters increased the water in the atmosphere compared to the Eastern Pacific, rainfall was lower in the Western Pacific compared to the Eastern Pacific for equal amounts of water vapor in the atmospheric column — e.g., about 10mm / day in the Western Pacific, versus ~ 20mm / day in the Eastern Pacific at 55 mm water vapor, the peak of the distribution of water vapor amounts.

Satheesh and Ramanathan [2000] infer from satellite and surface measurements that aerosol heating in the lower atmosphere over the northern Indian Ocean at local noon is 1 - 3 K / day, an increase of 50 - 100 % over aerosol - free solar heating.»

The discussion talks explicitly about how diminishing terrestrial and ocean carbon sinks over time require reduced CO2 emissions from fossil fuels / land use to achieve stabilization goals at various levels (e.g. 550 ppmv of CO2 in the atmosphere).

and, of course, the effect of cooler water at the ocean's surface is less re-radiation of heat into the atmosphere over it, and hence (i) less heating of the atmosphere from that source (ii) more heat retained at that water surface.

of anthropogenic CO2 releases that have been taken out of the atmosphere (over and above the amount taken out of the atmosphere that balances the natural additions to the atmosphere), perhaps mainly as a direct biogeochemical feedback (increased CO2 favoring more rapid biological fixation of C, net flux of CO2 into water until equilibrium for the given storage of other involved chemical species in the upper ocean) fairly promptly.

The surface heat capacity C (j = 0) was set to the equivalent of a global layer of water 50 m deep (which would be a layer ~ 70 m thick over the oceans) plus 70 % of the atmosphere, the latent heat of vaporization corresponding to a 20 % increase in water vapor per 3 K warming (linearized for current conditions), and a little land surface; expressed as W * yr per m ^ 2 * K (a convenient unit), I got about 7.093.

And just as increased algal productivity at sea increases the emission of sulfur gases to the atmosphere, ultimately leading to more and brighter clouds over the world's oceans, so too do CO2 - induced increases in terrestrial plant productivity lead to enhanced emissions of various sulfur gases over land, where they likewise ultimately cool the planAnd just as increased algal productivity at sea increases the emission of sulfur gases to the atmosphere, ultimately leading to more and brighter clouds over the world's oceans, so too do CO2 - induced increases in terrestrial plant productivity lead to enhanced emissions of various sulfur gases over land, where they likewise ultimately cool the planand brighter clouds over the world's oceans, so too do CO2 - induced increases in terrestrial plant productivity lead to enhanced emissions of various sulfur gases over land, where they likewise ultimately cool the planet.

For example, the optical thickness of the CO2 in the atmosphere (if you see an error in this list of things independent of climate, see below), the incident solar radiation and it's distribution over time and space (latitude), variations in surface albedo between ocean, rock, vegetation, etc.).

The answer is, our planet's atmosphere and oceans are not that well described by the basic chemistry of a gas over a beaker of water.