It seems that those who fear AGW (or at least some of them) do admit that it is not realistic to expect a planetary atmosphere such as ours to warm up
oceans of water over the timescale required by AGW theory because of the huge volume and density of that water and thus the heat storage differentials.
Not exact matches
Tiangong - 1 is likely to crash
over the
ocean, as
water covers about 71 %
of Earth's surface.
The total volume
of rain is easier to calculate when a storm remains
over a fixed area, but it much harder to suss out when hurricanes remain mobile and dump
water over a wide swath
of land and
ocean.
Many brands produce their spirulina in toxic
waters, and since our
oceans are filled with mercury and toxins on so many accounts due to climate change and pollution, it's highly important to choose a brand
of spirulina that has direct control
over the growth and control
of the production
of their spirulina products.
One
of the world's largest natural springs,
over 900,000 cubic meters
of water overflows from the Ölfus Spring into the
ocean every day.
A Natural, Renewable Product With
over 900,000 cubic meters
of water overflowing from the Ölfus Spring into the
ocean every day, it's one
of the world's largest natural springs.
The causes
of the warming remain debated, but Liu and his team homed in on the melting glacial
water that poured into
oceans as the ice receded, paradoxically slowing the
ocean current in the North Atlantic that keeps Europe from freezing
over.
They found that western Antarctica has recently seen warmer, saltier
water being driven under the shelf — the part
of the ice sheet that sticks out
over the
ocean (Science, doi.org/xkx).
The simulations suggest that
over decades, these warming events dramatically perturb the
ocean surface, affecting the flow
of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, a system
of currents that acts like a conveyor belt moving
water around the planet.
A plague
of oxygen - deprived
waters from the deep
ocean is creeping up
over the continental shelves off the Pacific Northwest and forcing marine species there to relocate or die.
(In Antarctica, the ice actually extends beyond the land and
over part
of the
ocean so some
of it is in contact with
water.)
«Given that atmospheric rivers
over the Atlantic and Pacific
oceans appear as coherent filaments
of water vapor lasting for up to a week, and that Lagrangian coherent structures have turned out to explain the formation
of other geophysical flows, we wondered whether Lagrangian coherent structures might somehow play a role in the formation
of atmospheric rivers,» said study coauthor Vicente Perez - Munuzuri, a physicist at the University
of Santiago de Compostela in Spain.
The NASA / NOAA GOES Project has now created two new types
of animations based on satellite data that indicate where
water vapor is moving
over the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific
oceans.
Southern
Ocean seafloor
water temperatures are projected to warm by an average
of 0.4 °C
over this century with some areas possibly increasing by as much as 2 °C.
It can cost from just under $ 1 to well
over $ 2 to produce one cubic meter (264 gallons)
of desalted
water from the
ocean.
Winds
over the
ocean (blue arrow) also create currents on the surface, pushing the
water up one side
of the wave and down the other.
This enabled the research team to reconstruct, for the first time, a detailed picture
of the environmental conditions at the
ocean's surface, as well as in deeper
water layers,
over the last 30,000 years.
As a result — and for reasons that remain unexplained — the
waters of the Southern
Ocean may have begun to release carbon dioxide, enough to raise concentrations in the atmosphere by more than 100 parts per million
over millennia — roughly equivalent to the rise in the last 200 years.
«Hurricanes almost always form
over ocean water warmer than about 80 degrees F. in a belt
of generally east - to - west flow called the trade winds.
But as Charon cooled
over time, this
ocean would have frozen and expanded (as happens when
water freezes), lifting the outermost layers
of the moon and producing the massive chasms we see today.
These algae then creep in, extending their tendrils
over close to 60 %
of the
ocean bottom, Hay estimates, and turning
waters a sludgy green.
«While advances in science and technology and improved safety practices have significantly reduced the threat
of oil spills in Canadian
waters over the past few decades, much about the fate, environmental impacts and remediation
of oil spills remain poorly understood,» said Kenneth Lee, the director
of Oceans and Atmosphere, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Perth, Western Australia and chair
of the seven - member panel.
However, when temperatures warm
over the Antarctic regions, deep
waters rise from the floor
of the
ocean much closer to the continent.
Over the last decade, the Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE) and U.S. collaborators have studied the environmental and climate changes
of the western Arctic
Ocean and has witnessed rapid expansion
of the «acidified»
water in the upper
water column.
A new study led by the University
of Texas Institute for Geophysics has found that wind
over the
ocean off the coast
of East Antarctica causes warm, deep
waters to upwell, circulate under Totten Ice Shelf, and melt the fringes
of the East Antarctic ice sheet from below.
Totten Glacier, the largest glacier in East Antarctica, is being melted from below by warm
water that reaches the ice when winds
over the
ocean are strong — a cause for concern because the glacier holds more than 11 feet
of sea level rise and acts as a plug that helps lock in the ice
of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
«If you take a dash
of salt, an eighth
of a teaspoon, and you put that in a gallon
of water, that's the amount
of salinity change Aquarius will be able to observe from month to month
over any part
of the
ocean,» said Lagerloef, president
of Earth and Space Research, a Seattle - based research institute.
A young polar bear stands on pack ice
over deep
waters in the Arctic
Ocean in October 2009, during a major research project headed by the University
of Wyoming.
The bathers that gather every summer on the banks
of the rivers
of the mountain ranges
of La Cabrera and El Teleno in León have little reason to suspect that the rocks that they can see near the
water are
of volcanic origin,
over 460 million years old, when an emerging Iberian Peninsula was still on the coast
of the continent
of Gondwana, on the shore
of the Rheic
ocean.
But circumstantial evidence had suggested otherwise: The wasps somehow traveled hundreds
of kilometers to colonize a formerly lifeless volcanic island in the Pacific
Ocean called Anak Krakatoa, and they have been snarled in nets attached to a research airplane flying
over open
water in the Pacific.
«If all
of the Earth's
water is on the surface, that gives us one interpretation
of the
water cycle, where we can think
of water cycling from
oceans into the atmosphere and into the groundwater
over millions
of years,» she said.
So if cyanobacteria are shaping the temperature
of their growing patch
of the
ocean to favor themselves
over cold -
water critters, researchers want to know how they are doing it and what to expect next, says climate scientist Sebastian Sonntag
of the University
of Hamburg in Germany.
Each year, a huge amount
of water evaporates from the
ocean, then falls
over land as rain or snow, and returns to the
ocean through runoff and river flows.
The world's
oceans have already risen by an average
of 8 inches
over the last century from a combination
of water added by ice melt and the expansion
of ocean waters as they warm.
The location and amounts
of iron in the rock gave important clues about ancient
ocean water chemistries
over time.
With the sun continuing to heat the
ocean water at the tropical latitudes regardless
of ice cap conditions up north, it would seem that the presence
of an ice cap would result in a warmer
ocean over the long term, with the converse also being true.
The second
of these zones issues from the developing El Nino in the Eastern Pacific, rides up
over the hot «Blob»
of ocean water in the Northeastern Pacific, invades Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, and then enters the Beaufort and Chukchi seas.
Some
of the more recent conjectures include the constant winds
over the
oceans pushing varying amounts
of water on the earth at one time or even the effects
of a major earthquake.
Each layer
of water can have drastically different temperatures, so determining the average
over the entirety
of the
ocean's surface and depths presents a challenge.
The University
of Vigo will: - Provide a comprehensive validation
of the developed within CoastObs products, to complement the validation
of Standard
Ocean colour products generally
over coastal
waters and to determine the magnitude and stability
of associated errors and uncertainties.
Under its ice crust, estimated to be 10 km thick, is an
ocean of liquid
water of over 100 km deep.
As we continue to learn more about the tenacious lifeforms found in deep, cold
waters here on Earth, excitement grows
over the possibility
of Europa's
oceans harboring extraterrestrial life.
All those people who paid big bucks to buy up all the
ocean front property at 60 meters above sea level are really going be unhappy with 20 meters
of salt
water over their heads.
While both seasons are now officially
over, as
ocean waters cool with the onset
of winter, that doesn't mean storms can't still form if conditions are right.
Over time, accumulation
of this carbonic acid makes
ocean water more acidic.
Simulations and observations
of total atmospheric
water vapour averaged
over oceans agree closely when the simulations are constrained by observed SSTs, suggesting that anthropogenic influence has contributed to an increase in total atmospheric
water vapour.
Detection
of tremolite, a mineral created in the presence
of water, could be used to ascertain how long any Venusian
oceans lasted as a habitat for Earth - type life
over the past 4.6 billion years
of planetary history (more).
The deposits were formed
over hundreds
of thousands
of years in the past, when the sea level was much lower and areas now under the
ocean were exposed to rainfall which was absorbed into the underlying
water table.
In any year, temperatures around the world can be nudged up or down by short - term factors like volcanic eruptions or El Ninos, when warm
water spreads
over much
of the tropical Pacific
Ocean.
The worse news is that it's immensely wasteful; it can take up to three litres
of water to make just one litre
of bottled, and
of the thousands
of empty plastic bottles produced,
over 60 per cent
of them end up in landfills or
oceans, polluting the atmosphere and poisoning wildlife.