A Genome - Wide Proteome Array Reveals a Limited Set
of Immunogens in Natural Infections of Humans and White - Footed Mice with Borrelia burgdorferi
Dr. Schief's work focuses on computation - guided and structure - based design
of immunogens and immunization regimens, with the goal of inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV and other pathogens that have frustrated traditional vaccine design strategies.
Not exact matches
«Then the ultimate proof
of utility
of this discovery is to use it to design
immunogens that can induce broadly neutralizing antibodies by vaccination.»
Immunogens are designed to elicit the production
of highly coveted broadly neutralizing antibodies that protect against HIV - 1 [Also see Report by McGuire et al..]
«We'd like to synthesize vaccine
immunogens [proteins that trigger antibody production] that can elicit the same types
of broadly protective antibodies in people,» says Dr. Chandran.
A major goal
of HIV - 1 vaccine development is to identify
immunogens capable
of inducing protective titers
of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against circulating, neutralization - resistant (tier 2) viruses.
Thus, our findings indicate that native - like trimers represent a promising starting point for the further development
of recombinant Env
immunogens intended to broaden the NAb response.
This suggests the
immunogens imposed constraints resulting in a common structural mode
of high affinity encoded by different sequences.
Paradoxically, it remains the case that even minimal mutation towards the J3 germ line V gene abolishes the ability to bind either
immunogen used [26]; the reintroduction
of the three germ line CDR2 residues renders the VHH incapable
of binding Env.
This difference in binding ability to the two
immunogens suggests the R2
immunogen may have driven the earlier stages
of affinity maturation
of this lineage in llama 1, which resulted in clones that could also recognize 96ZM651.02 gp140 as the immune response progressed and the lineage developed breadth via mutations in the V gene region.
A critical implication
of this work for the field
of HIV vaccine design is the observation that the most potent and broad individual anti-HIV VHH, J3, was elicited in response to the gp140
immunogens used.
For the published request for applications, see the May 18, 2016 Guide announcement, Partnerships for Structure - Based Design
of Novel
Immunogens for Vaccine Development (R01).
Antibodies against the
immunogen can then be purified from the serum
of the animal.
The first
immunogens are those similar to the trimer outer Envelope protein
of native HIV.
The other is a so - called «germline - targetting»
immunogen that is engineered to induce the earliest precursors
of a specific class
of bNAbs.
Working backward, they lab - engineered an Env mimic, called an
immunogen, capable
of kick - starting the immune response that eventually produces bnAbs.
A team
of scientists led by NAC and IAVI researchers have already engineered a prototype
immunogen — the active ingredient
of a vaccine — based on insights gleaned from such studies.